"紡績" meaning in All languages combined

See 紡績 on Wiktionary

Verb [Chinese]

IPA: /fɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /fɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /fɔːŋ³⁵ t͡sɪk̚⁵/ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Sinological-IPA], /fɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵¹/, /fɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/, /fɔːŋ³⁵ t͡sɪk̚⁵/ Chinese transliterations: fǎngjì [Mandarin, Pinyin], fǎngjī [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄈㄤˇ ㄐㄧˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], ㄈㄤˇ ㄐㄧ [Mandarin, bopomofo], fong² zik¹ [Cantonese, Jyutping], fǎngjì [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], fǎngjì [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], fang³-chi⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], fǎng-jì [Mandarin, Yale], faangjih [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], фанцзи [Mandarin, Palladius], fanczi [Mandarin, Palladius], fǎngjī [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], fǎngji [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], fang³-chi¹ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], fǎng-jī [Mandarin, Yale], faangji [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], fong² zik¹ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Jyutping], fóng jīk [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Yale], fong² dzik⁷ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Pinyin], fong² jig¹ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong], phjangX tsek [Middle-Chinese], /*pʰaŋʔ [ts]ˤek/ [Baxter-Sagart, Old-Chinese], /*pʰaŋʔ ʔseːɡ/ [Old-Chinese, Zhengzhang] Forms: 纺绩
Head templates: {{zh-verb}} 紡績
  1. to spin (silk, hemp, etc.)
    Sense id: en-紡績-zh-verb-i27gYXAs Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 86 8 6 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 89 7 5

Noun [Japanese]

Forms: 紡績 [canonical] (ruby: (ぼう), (せき)), bōseki [romanization]
Head templates: {{ja-noun|ぼうせき}} 紡(ぼう)績(せき) • (bōseki)
  1. textile spinning
    Sense id: en-紡績-ja-noun-UGw1LVAN Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with 2 kanji, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Japanese verbs without transitivity Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 66 34 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 90 10 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 2 kanji: 58 42 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 90 10 Disambiguation of Japanese verbs without transitivity: 58 42

Verb [Japanese]

Forms: 紡績する [canonical] (ruby: (ぼう), (せき)), bōseki suru [romanization], 紡績し [stem] (ruby: (ぼう), (せき)), 紡績した [past] (ruby: (ぼう), (せき)), no-table-tags [table-tags], 紡績し [error-unrecognized-form], ぼうせきし [error-unrecognized-form], bōseki shi [error-unrecognized-form], 紡績する [error-unrecognized-form], ぼうせきする [error-unrecognized-form], bōseki suru [error-unrecognized-form], 紡績すれ [error-unrecognized-form], ぼうせきすれ [error-unrecognized-form], bōseki sure [error-unrecognized-form], 紡績せよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], 紡績しろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], ぼうせきせよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], ぼうせきしろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], bōseki seyo [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], bōseki shiro [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], 紡績される [passive], ぼうせきされる [passive], bōseki sareru [passive], 紡績させる [causative], 紡績さす [causative], ぼうせきさせる [causative], ぼうせきさす [causative], bōseki saseru [causative], bōseki sasu [causative], 紡績できる [potential], ぼうせきできる [potential], bōseki dekiru [potential], 紡績しよう [volitional], ぼうせきしよう [volitional], bōseki shiyō [volitional], 紡績しない [negative], ぼうせきしない [negative], bōseki shinai [negative], 紡績せず [continuative, negative], ぼうせきせず [continuative, negative], bōseki sezu [continuative, negative], 紡績します [formal], ぼうせきします [formal], bōseki shimasu [formal], 紡績した [perfective], ぼうせきした [perfective], bōseki shita [perfective], 紡績して [conjunctive], ぼうせきして [conjunctive], bōseki shite [conjunctive], 紡績すれば [conditional, hypothetical], ぼうせきすれば [conditional, hypothetical], bōseki sureba [conditional, hypothetical]
  1. to spin
    Sense id: en-紡績-ja-verb-g-IJpR5V
{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "纺绩",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "紡績",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "86 8 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "89 7 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to spin (silk, hemp, etc.)"
      ],
      "id": "en-紡績-zh-verb-i27gYXAs",
      "links": [
        [
          "spin",
          "spin"
        ],
        [
          "silk",
          "silk"
        ],
        [
          "hemp",
          "hemp"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fǎngjì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fǎngjī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄈㄤˇ ㄐㄧˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄈㄤˇ ㄐㄧ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fong² zik¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fǎngjì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fǎngjì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fang³-chi⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fǎng-jì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "faangjih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "фанцзи"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fanczi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fǎngjī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fǎngji"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fang³-chi¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fǎng-jī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "faangji"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fong² zik¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fóng jīk"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fong² dzik⁷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fong² jig¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fɔːŋ³⁵ t͡sɪk̚⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "phjangX tsek"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*pʰaŋʔ [ts]ˤek/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*pʰaŋʔ ʔseːɡ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fɔːŋ³⁵ t͡sɪk̚⁵/"
    },
    {
      "other": "[ts]"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*pʰaŋʔ ʔseːɡ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "紡績"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "紡績",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "紡",
          "ぼう"
        ],
        [
          "績",
          "せき"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ぼうせき"
      },
      "expansion": "紡(ぼう)績(せき) • (bōseki)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "66 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "90 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "90 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "textile spinning"
      ],
      "id": "en-紡績-ja-noun-UGw1LVAN",
      "links": [
        [
          "spinning",
          "spinning"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "紡績"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "紡績する",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "紡",
          "ぼう"
        ],
        [
          "績",
          "せき"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績し",
      "roman": "bōseki shi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "紡",
          "ぼう"
        ],
        [
          "績",
          "せき"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績した",
      "roman": "bōseki shita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "紡",
          "ぼう"
        ],
        [
          "績",
          "せき"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績する",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績すれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績せよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績しろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績させる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績さす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績できる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績しよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績しない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績せず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績します",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績した",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績して",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績すれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to spin"
      ],
      "id": "en-紡績-ja-verb-g-IJpR5V",
      "links": [
        [
          "spin",
          "spin"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "紡績"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "纺绩",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "紡績",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese lemmas",
        "Cantonese terms with homophones",
        "Cantonese verbs",
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese terms spelled with 紡",
        "Chinese terms spelled with 績",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Chinese verbs",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations",
        "Mandarin verbs",
        "Middle Chinese lemmas",
        "Middle Chinese verbs",
        "Old Chinese lemmas",
        "Old Chinese verbs",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to spin (silk, hemp, etc.)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "spin",
          "spin"
        ],
        [
          "silk",
          "silk"
        ],
        [
          "hemp",
          "hemp"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fǎngjì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fǎngjī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄈㄤˇ ㄐㄧˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄈㄤˇ ㄐㄧ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fong² zik¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fǎngjì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fǎngjì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fang³-chi⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fǎng-jì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "faangjih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "фанцзи"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fanczi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fǎngjī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fǎngji"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fang³-chi¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fǎng-jī"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "faangji"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fong² zik¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fóng jīk"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fong² dzik⁷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fong² jig¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fɔːŋ³⁵ t͡sɪk̚⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "phjangX tsek"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*pʰaŋʔ [ts]ˤek/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*pʰaŋʔ ʔseːɡ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fɔːŋ³⁵ t͡sɪk̚⁵/"
    },
    {
      "other": "[ts]"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*pʰaŋʔ ʔseːɡ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "紡績"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "紡績",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "紡",
          "ぼう"
        ],
        [
          "績",
          "せき"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ぼうせき"
      },
      "expansion": "紡(ぼう)績(せき) • (bōseki)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "textile spinning"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "spinning",
          "spinning"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "紡績"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "紡績する",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "紡",
          "ぼう"
        ],
        [
          "績",
          "せき"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績し",
      "roman": "bōseki shi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "紡",
          "ぼう"
        ],
        [
          "績",
          "せき"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績した",
      "roman": "bōseki shita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "紡",
          "ぼう"
        ],
        [
          "績",
          "せき"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績する",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績すれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績せよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績しろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績させる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績さす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績できる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績しよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績しない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績せず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績します",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績した",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績して",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "紡績すれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぼうせきすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōseki sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to spin"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "spin",
          "spin"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "紡績"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 紡績 meaning in All languages combined (9.0kB)

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "紡績"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "紡績",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "紡績"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "紡績",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "紡績"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "紡績",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
  "path": [
    "紡績"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "紡績",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
  "path": [
    "紡績"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "紡績",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
  "path": [
    "紡績"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "紡績",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
  "path": [
    "紡績"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "紡績",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
  "path": [
    "紡績"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "紡績",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
  "path": [
    "紡績"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "紡績",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (f90d964 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.