"精通" meaning in All languages combined

See 精通 on Wiktionary

Verb [Chinese]

IPA: /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /t͡sin²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰuŋ²⁴/ [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sinological-IPA, Sixian], /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /t͡siɪŋ³³ tʰɔŋ³³/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡sin²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰuŋ²⁴/, /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡siɪŋ³³ tʰɔŋ³³/, /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/ Chinese transliterations: jīngtōng [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄐㄧㄥ ㄊㄨㄥ [Mandarin, bopomofo], zing¹ tung¹ [Cantonese, Jyutping], chîn-thûng [Hakka, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], cheng-thong, jīngtōng [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], jingtong [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], ching¹-tʻung¹ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], jīng-tūng [Mandarin, Yale], jingtong [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], цзинтун [Mandarin, Palladius], czintun [Mandarin, Palladius], jīng tūng [Cantonese, Yale], dzing¹ tung¹ [Cantonese, Pinyin], jing¹ tung¹ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], chîn-thûng [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], jin´ tung´ [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], jin¹ tung¹ [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], cheng-thong [Hokkien, POJ], tsing-thong [Hokkien, Tai-lo], zengtofng [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun]
Head templates: {{zh-verb}} 精通
  1. to have a proficiency in; to be proficient in; to master
    Sense id: en-精通-zh-verb-c2Up8LQn Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header Synonyms: 善於 (shànyú), 善于 (shànyú), 善用 (shànyòng) (english: to be good at using something or somebody), 善能 (shànnéng) [literary], 工於 (gōngyú) [literary], 工于 (gōngyú) [literary], 撚手 (nan2 sau2) [Cantonese], 擅長 (shàncháng), 擅长 (shàncháng), 湛深 (zhànshēn) [literary], 熟行 [Hokkien], 精於 (jīngyú), 精于 (jīngyú), 見長, 见长, 長於 (chángyú) [formal], 长于 (chángyú) [formal]

Noun [Japanese]

Forms: 精通 [canonical] (ruby: (せい), (つう)), seitsū [romanization]
Head templates: {{ja-noun|せいつう}} 精(せい)通(つう) • (seitsū)
  1. mastery, proficiency, expertise
    Sense id: en-精通-ja-noun-k9b76AIo
  2. semenarche, first ejaculation during puberty
    Sense id: en-精通-ja-noun-CViGWgi-

Verb [Japanese]

Forms: 精通する [canonical] (ruby: (せい), (つう)), seitsū suru [romanization], 精通し [stem] (ruby: (せい), (つう)), 精通した [past] (ruby: (せい), (つう)), no-table-tags [table-tags], 精通し [error-unrecognized-form], せいつうし [error-unrecognized-form], seitsū shi [error-unrecognized-form], 精通する [error-unrecognized-form], せいつうする [error-unrecognized-form], seitsū suru [error-unrecognized-form], 精通すれ [error-unrecognized-form], せいつうすれ [error-unrecognized-form], seitsū sure [error-unrecognized-form], 精通せよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], 精通しろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], せいつうせよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], せいつうしろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], seitsū seyo [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], seitsū shiro [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], 精通される [passive], せいつうされる [passive], seitsū sareru [passive], 精通させる [causative], 精通さす [causative], せいつうさせる [causative], せいつうさす [causative], seitsū saseru [causative], seitsū sasu [causative], 精通できる [potential], せいつうできる [potential], seitsū dekiru [potential], 精通しよう [volitional], せいつうしよう [volitional], seitsū shiyō [volitional], 精通しない [negative], せいつうしない [negative], seitsū shinai [negative], 精通せず [continuative, negative], せいつうせず [continuative, negative], seitsū sezu [continuative, negative], 精通します [formal], せいつうします [formal], seitsū shimasu [formal], 精通した [perfective], せいつうした [perfective], seitsū shita [perfective], 精通して [conjunctive], せいつうして [conjunctive], seitsū shite [conjunctive], 精通すれば [conditional, hypothetical], せいつうすれば [conditional, hypothetical], seitsū sureba [conditional, hypothetical]
  1. to be well versed (in), to have expertise, to be well acquainted (with)
    Sense id: en-精通-ja-verb-wdmgwxIZ Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 23 25 52 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 24 25 51 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 26 25 50 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 25 25 50

Download JSON data for 精通 meaning in All languages combined (10.2kB)

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "精通",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to have a proficiency in; to be proficient in; to master"
      ],
      "id": "en-精通-zh-verb-c2Up8LQn",
      "links": [
        [
          "have",
          "have"
        ],
        [
          "proficiency",
          "proficiency"
        ],
        [
          "in",
          "in"
        ],
        [
          "proficient",
          "proficient"
        ],
        [
          "master",
          "master"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "shànyú",
          "word": "善於"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shànyú",
          "word": "善于"
        },
        {
          "english": "to be good at using something or somebody",
          "roman": "shànyòng",
          "word": "善用"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shànnéng",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "善能"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gōngyú",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "工於"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gōngyú",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "工于"
        },
        {
          "roman": "nan2 sau2",
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese"
          ],
          "word": "撚手"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shàncháng",
          "word": "擅長"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shàncháng",
          "word": "擅长"
        },
        {
          "roman": "zhànshēn",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "湛深"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "熟行"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jīngyú",
          "word": "精於"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jīngyú",
          "word": "精于"
        },
        {
          "word": "見長"
        },
        {
          "word": "见长"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chángyú",
          "tags": [
            "formal"
          ],
          "word": "長於"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chángyú",
          "tags": [
            "formal"
          ],
          "word": "长于"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jīngtōng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄥ ㄊㄨㄥ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zing¹ tung¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chîn-thûng"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "cheng-thong"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jīngtōng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jingtong"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ching¹-tʻung¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jīng-tūng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jingtong"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цзинтун"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "czintun"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jīng tūng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dzing¹ tung¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jing¹ tung¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chîn-thûng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jin´ tung´"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jin¹ tung¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sin²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰuŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cheng-thong"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsing-thong"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zengtofng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ³³ tʰɔŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sin²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰuŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ³³ tʰɔŋ³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "精通"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "精通",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "精",
          "せい"
        ],
        [
          "通",
          "つう"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "せいつう"
      },
      "expansion": "精(せい)通(つう) • (seitsū)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "mastery, proficiency, expertise"
      ],
      "id": "en-精通-ja-noun-k9b76AIo",
      "links": [
        [
          "mastery",
          "mastery"
        ],
        [
          "proficiency",
          "proficiency"
        ],
        [
          "expertise",
          "expertise"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "semenarche, first ejaculation during puberty"
      ],
      "id": "en-精通-ja-noun-CViGWgi-",
      "links": [
        [
          "semenarche",
          "semenarche"
        ],
        [
          "ejaculation",
          "ejaculation"
        ],
        [
          "puberty",
          "puberty"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "精通"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "精通する",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "精",
          "せい"
        ],
        [
          "通",
          "つう"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通し",
      "roman": "seitsū shi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "精",
          "せい"
        ],
        [
          "通",
          "つう"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通した",
      "roman": "seitsū shita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "精",
          "せい"
        ],
        [
          "通",
          "つう"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通する",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通すれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通せよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通しろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通させる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通さす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通できる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通しよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通しない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通せず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通します",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通した",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通して",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通すれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 25 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 25 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 25 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be well versed (in), to have expertise, to be well acquainted (with)"
      ],
      "id": "en-精通-ja-verb-wdmgwxIZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "versed",
          "versed"
        ],
        [
          "acquainted",
          "acquainted"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "精通"
}
{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "精通",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Advanced Mandarin",
        "Cantonese lemmas",
        "Cantonese terms with audio links",
        "Cantonese verbs",
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Chinese verbs",
        "Hakka lemmas",
        "Hakka verbs",
        "Hokkien lemmas",
        "Hokkien verbs",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "Mandarin terms with audio links",
        "Mandarin verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to have a proficiency in; to be proficient in; to master"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "have",
          "have"
        ],
        [
          "proficiency",
          "proficiency"
        ],
        [
          "in",
          "in"
        ],
        [
          "proficient",
          "proficient"
        ],
        [
          "master",
          "master"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jīngtōng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄥ ㄊㄨㄥ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zing¹ tung¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chîn-thûng"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "cheng-thong"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jīngtōng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jingtong"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ching¹-tʻung¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jīng-tūng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jingtong"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цзинтун"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "czintun"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jīng tūng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dzing¹ tung¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jing¹ tung¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chîn-thûng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jin´ tung´"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jin¹ tung¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sin²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰuŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cheng-thong"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsing-thong"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zengtofng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ³³ tʰɔŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sin²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰuŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ³³ tʰɔŋ³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "shànyú",
      "word": "善於"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shànyú",
      "word": "善于"
    },
    {
      "english": "to be good at using something or somebody",
      "roman": "shànyòng",
      "word": "善用"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shànnéng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "善能"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gōngyú",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "工於"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gōngyú",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "工于"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nan2 sau2",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "撚手"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shàncháng",
      "word": "擅長"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shàncháng",
      "word": "擅长"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhànshēn",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "湛深"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "熟行"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jīngyú",
      "word": "精於"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jīngyú",
      "word": "精于"
    },
    {
      "word": "見長"
    },
    {
      "word": "见长"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chángyú",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "長於"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chángyú",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "长于"
    }
  ],
  "word": "精通"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
    "Japanese transitive verbs",
    "Japanese verbs"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "精通",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "精",
          "せい"
        ],
        [
          "通",
          "つう"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "せいつう"
      },
      "expansion": "精(せい)通(つう) • (seitsū)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "mastery, proficiency, expertise"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mastery",
          "mastery"
        ],
        [
          "proficiency",
          "proficiency"
        ],
        [
          "expertise",
          "expertise"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "semenarche, first ejaculation during puberty"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "semenarche",
          "semenarche"
        ],
        [
          "ejaculation",
          "ejaculation"
        ],
        [
          "puberty",
          "puberty"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "精通"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
    "Japanese transitive verbs",
    "Japanese verbs"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "精通する",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "精",
          "せい"
        ],
        [
          "通",
          "つう"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通し",
      "roman": "seitsū shi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "精",
          "せい"
        ],
        [
          "通",
          "つう"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通した",
      "roman": "seitsū shita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "精",
          "せい"
        ],
        [
          "通",
          "つう"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通する",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通すれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通せよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通しろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通させる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通さす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通できる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通しよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通しない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通せず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通します",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通した",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通して",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "精通すれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せいつうすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seitsū sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be well versed (in), to have expertise, to be well acquainted (with)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "versed",
          "versed"
        ],
        [
          "acquainted",
          "acquainted"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "精通"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.