See 燻べる on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "燻ぶ",
"sort": "ふすへる'",
"t": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese 燻ぶ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese 燻ぶ, in the 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) pattern.\nDevelopment\nNatural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "燻べる",
"ruby": [
[
"燻",
"ふす"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "fusuberu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べ",
"roman": "fusube",
"ruby": [
[
"燻",
"ふす"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べた",
"roman": "fusubeta",
"ruby": [
[
"燻",
"ふす"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-ichi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fusube",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fusuberu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubeyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "fusuberareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubesaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubesasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "fusuberareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubereru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubeyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubenai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubenu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusuben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubemasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubereba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ふすべる",
"tr": "both",
"type": "2"
},
"expansion": "燻(ふす)べる • (fusuberu) transitive or intransitive ichidan (stem 燻(ふす)べ (fusube), past 燻(ふす)べた (fusubeta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "燻す"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "燻る"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 2 13 4 39 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 4 22 9 30 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 2 20 5 35 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 2 19 4 35 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 10 22 20 17 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 4 17 7 33 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 2 18 4 36 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 3 31 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 2 15 4 38 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 2 17 3 37 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to burn so as to produce much smoke"
],
"id": "en-燻べる-ja-verb-sB0Su67k",
"links": [
[
"burn",
"burn"
],
[
"smoke",
"smoke"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to make something black with smoke"
],
"id": "en-燻べる-ja-verb-bZJM7skf",
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 2 13 4 39 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 4 22 9 30 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 2 20 5 35 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 2 19 4 35 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 10 22 20 17 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 4 17 7 33 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 2 18 4 36 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 2 15 4 38 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 2 17 3 37 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to drive out (pests) with smoke; to fumigate"
],
"id": "en-燻べる-ja-verb-Cpzlvw1~",
"links": [
[
"drive out",
"drive out"
],
[
"pest",
"pest"
],
[
"fumigate",
"fumigate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 10 22 20 17 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to pout, sulk"
],
"id": "en-燻べる-ja-verb-~ZSHRYf7",
"links": [
[
"pout",
"pout"
],
[
"sulk",
"sulk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) to pout, sulk"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ふすべる"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɸɯ̟sɨbe̞ɾɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "燻べる"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "燻ぶ",
"sort": "ふすへる'",
"t": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese 燻ぶ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese 燻ぶ, in the 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) pattern.\nDevelopment\nNatural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "燻べる",
"ruby": [
[
"燻",
"くす"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kusuberu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べ",
"roman": "kusube",
"ruby": [
[
"燻",
"くす"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べた",
"roman": "kusubeta",
"ruby": [
[
"燻",
"くす"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-ichi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kusube",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kusuberu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubeyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kusuberareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubesaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubesasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kusuberareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubereru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubeyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubenai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubenu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusuben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubemasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubereba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "くすべる",
"tr": "trans",
"type": "2"
},
"expansion": "燻(くす)べる • (kusuberu) transitive ichidan (stem 燻(くす)べ (kusube), past 燻(くす)べた (kusubeta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 2 13 4 39 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 4 22 9 30 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 2 20 5 35 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 2 19 4 35 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 10 22 20 17 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 4 17 7 33 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 2 18 4 36 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 2 15 4 38 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 2 17 3 37 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to burn something so as to produce much smoke"
],
"id": "en-燻べる-ja-verb-R8shn253"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 10 22 20 17 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to torment, bully"
],
"id": "en-燻べる-ja-verb-wqJCQhHj",
"links": [
[
"torment",
"torment"
],
[
"bully",
"bully"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くすべる"
},
{
"other": "くすべる"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟sɨbe̞ɾɯ̟]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "燻す"
}
],
"word": "燻べる"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese ichidan verbs",
"Japanese intransitive verbs",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese shimo ichidan verbs",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with hyōgai kanji",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "燻ぶ",
"sort": "ふすへる'",
"t": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese 燻ぶ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese 燻ぶ, in the 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) pattern.\nDevelopment\nNatural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "燻べる",
"ruby": [
[
"燻",
"ふす"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "fusuberu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べ",
"roman": "fusube",
"ruby": [
[
"燻",
"ふす"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べた",
"roman": "fusubeta",
"ruby": [
[
"燻",
"ふす"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-ichi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fusube",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fusuberu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubeyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "fusuberareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubesaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubesasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "fusuberareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubereru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubeyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubenai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubenu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusuben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubemasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubereba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ふすべる",
"tr": "both",
"type": "2"
},
"expansion": "燻(ふす)べる • (fusuberu) transitive or intransitive ichidan (stem 燻(ふす)べ (fusube), past 燻(ふす)べた (fusubeta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "燻す"
},
{
"word": "燻る"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to burn so as to produce much smoke"
],
"links": [
[
"burn",
"burn"
],
[
"smoke",
"smoke"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to make something black with smoke"
],
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to drive out (pests) with smoke; to fumigate"
],
"links": [
[
"drive out",
"drive out"
],
[
"pest",
"pest"
],
[
"fumigate",
"fumigate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to pout, sulk"
],
"links": [
[
"pout",
"pout"
],
[
"sulk",
"sulk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) to pout, sulk"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ふすべる"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɸɯ̟sɨbe̞ɾɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "燻べる"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese ichidan verbs",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese shimo ichidan verbs",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with hyōgai kanji",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "燻ぶ",
"sort": "ふすへる'",
"t": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese 燻ぶ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese 燻ぶ, in the 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) pattern.\nDevelopment\nNatural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "燻べる",
"ruby": [
[
"燻",
"くす"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kusuberu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べ",
"roman": "kusube",
"ruby": [
[
"燻",
"くす"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べた",
"roman": "kusubeta",
"ruby": [
[
"燻",
"くす"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-ichi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kusube",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kusuberu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubeyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kusuberareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubesaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubesasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kusuberareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubereru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubeyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubenai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubenu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusuben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubemasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubereba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "くすべる",
"tr": "trans",
"type": "2"
},
"expansion": "燻(くす)べる • (kusuberu) transitive ichidan (stem 燻(くす)べ (kusube), past 燻(くす)べた (kusubeta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to burn something so as to produce much smoke"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to torment, bully"
],
"links": [
[
"torment",
"torment"
],
[
"bully",
"bully"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くすべる"
},
{
"other": "くすべる"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟sɨbe̞ɾɯ̟]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "燻す"
}
],
"word": "燻べる"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 燻べる meaning in All languages combined (14.1kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"燻べる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "燻べる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"燻べる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "燻べる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"燻べる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "燻べる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"燻べる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "燻べる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"燻べる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "燻べる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"燻べる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "燻べる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"燻べる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "燻べる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"燻べる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "燻べる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"燻べる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "燻べる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"燻べる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "燻べる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"燻べる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "燻べる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"燻べる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "燻べる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"燻べる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "燻べる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"燻べる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "燻べる",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.