See 燻べる on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 燻べる meaning in All languages combined (17.9kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "燻ぶ",
"sort": "ふすへる'",
"t": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese 燻ぶ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下二段活用",
"t": "lower bigrade conjugation",
"tr": "shimo nidan katsuyō"
},
"expansion": "下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下二段活用",
"3": "",
"4": "lower bigrade conjugation",
"tr": "shimo nidan katsuyō"
},
"expansion": "下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下一段活用",
"3": "",
"4": "lower monograde conjugation",
"tr": "shimo ichidan katsuyō"
},
"expansion": "下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese 燻ぶ, in the 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) pattern.\nDevelopment\nNatural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "燻べる",
"ruby": [
[
"燻",
"ふす"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "fusuberu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べ",
"roman": "fusube",
"ruby": [
[
"燻",
"ふす"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べた",
"roman": "fusubeta",
"ruby": [
[
"燻",
"ふす"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-ichi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fusube",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fusuberu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubeyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "fusuberareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubesaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubesasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "fusuberareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubereru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubeyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubenai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubenu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusuben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubemasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubereba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ふすべる",
"tr": "both",
"type": "2"
},
"expansion": "燻(ふす)べる • (fusuberu) transitive or intransitive ichidan (stem 燻(ふす)べ (fusube), past 燻(ふす)べた (fusubeta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "燻す"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "燻る"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 2 13 4 38 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 4 22 9 29 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 2 21 5 33 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 4 17 8 31 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 2 20 6 34 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 2 17 4 36 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 3 31 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to burn so as to produce much smoke"
],
"id": "en-燻べる-ja-verb-sB0Su67k",
"links": [
[
"burn",
"burn"
],
[
"smoke",
"smoke"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to make something black with smoke"
],
"id": "en-燻べる-ja-verb-bZJM7skf",
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 2 13 4 38 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 4 22 9 29 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 2 21 5 33 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 4 17 8 31 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 2 20 6 34 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 2 17 4 36 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to drive out (pests) with smoke; to fumigate"
],
"id": "en-燻べる-ja-verb-Cpzlvw1~",
"links": [
[
"drive out",
"drive out"
],
[
"pest",
"pest"
],
[
"fumigate",
"fumigate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to pout, sulk"
],
"id": "en-燻べる-ja-verb-~ZSHRYf7",
"links": [
[
"pout",
"pout"
],
[
"sulk",
"sulk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) to pout, sulk"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ふすべる"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɸɯ̟ᵝsɨᵝbe̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "燻べる"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "燻ぶ",
"sort": "ふすへる'",
"t": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese 燻ぶ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下二段活用",
"t": "lower bigrade conjugation",
"tr": "shimo nidan katsuyō"
},
"expansion": "下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下二段活用",
"3": "",
"4": "lower bigrade conjugation",
"tr": "shimo nidan katsuyō"
},
"expansion": "下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下一段活用",
"3": "",
"4": "lower monograde conjugation",
"tr": "shimo ichidan katsuyō"
},
"expansion": "下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese 燻ぶ, in the 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) pattern.\nDevelopment\nNatural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "燻べる",
"ruby": [
[
"燻",
"くす"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kusuberu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べ",
"roman": "kusube",
"ruby": [
[
"燻",
"くす"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べた",
"roman": "kusubeta",
"ruby": [
[
"燻",
"くす"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-ichi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kusube",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kusuberu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubeyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kusuberareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubesaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubesasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kusuberareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubereru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubeyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubenai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubenu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusuben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubemasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubereba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "くすべる",
"tr": "trans",
"type": "2"
},
"expansion": "燻(くす)べる • (kusuberu) transitive ichidan (stem 燻(くす)べ (kusube), past 燻(くす)べた (kusubeta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 2 13 4 38 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 4 22 9 29 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 2 21 5 33 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 4 17 8 31 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 2 20 6 34 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 2 17 4 36 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to burn something so as to produce much smoke"
],
"id": "en-燻べる-ja-verb-R8shn253"
},
{
"glosses": [
"to torment, bully"
],
"id": "en-燻べる-ja-verb-wqJCQhHj",
"links": [
[
"torment",
"torment"
],
[
"bully",
"bully"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くすべる"
},
{
"other": "くすべる"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ᵝsɨᵝbe̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "燻す"
}
],
"word": "燻べる"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese intransitive verbs",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with hyōgaiji kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese type 2 verbs",
"Japanese verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "燻ぶ",
"sort": "ふすへる'",
"t": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese 燻ぶ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下二段活用",
"t": "lower bigrade conjugation",
"tr": "shimo nidan katsuyō"
},
"expansion": "下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下二段活用",
"3": "",
"4": "lower bigrade conjugation",
"tr": "shimo nidan katsuyō"
},
"expansion": "下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下一段活用",
"3": "",
"4": "lower monograde conjugation",
"tr": "shimo ichidan katsuyō"
},
"expansion": "下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese 燻ぶ, in the 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) pattern.\nDevelopment\nNatural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "燻べる",
"ruby": [
[
"燻",
"ふす"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "fusuberu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べ",
"roman": "fusube",
"ruby": [
[
"燻",
"ふす"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べた",
"roman": "fusubeta",
"ruby": [
[
"燻",
"ふす"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-ichi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fusube",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fusuberu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubeyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "fusuberareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubesaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubesasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "fusuberareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubereru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubeyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubenai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubenu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusuben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubemasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "ふすべれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "fusubereba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ふすべる",
"tr": "both",
"type": "2"
},
"expansion": "燻(ふす)べる • (fusuberu) transitive or intransitive ichidan (stem 燻(ふす)べ (fusube), past 燻(ふす)べた (fusubeta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "燻す"
},
{
"word": "燻る"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to burn so as to produce much smoke"
],
"links": [
[
"burn",
"burn"
],
[
"smoke",
"smoke"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to make something black with smoke"
],
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to drive out (pests) with smoke; to fumigate"
],
"links": [
[
"drive out",
"drive out"
],
[
"pest",
"pest"
],
[
"fumigate",
"fumigate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to pout, sulk"
],
"links": [
[
"pout",
"pout"
],
[
"sulk",
"sulk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) to pout, sulk"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ふすべる"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɸɯ̟ᵝsɨᵝbe̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "燻べる"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with hyōgaiji kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese type 2 verbs",
"Japanese verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "燻ぶ",
"sort": "ふすへる'",
"t": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese 燻ぶ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下二段活用",
"t": "lower bigrade conjugation",
"tr": "shimo nidan katsuyō"
},
"expansion": "下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下二段活用",
"3": "",
"4": "lower bigrade conjugation",
"tr": "shimo nidan katsuyō"
},
"expansion": "下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下一段活用",
"3": "",
"4": "lower monograde conjugation",
"tr": "shimo ichidan katsuyō"
},
"expansion": "下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese 燻ぶ, in the 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) pattern.\nDevelopment\nNatural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "燻べる",
"ruby": [
[
"燻",
"くす"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kusuberu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べ",
"roman": "kusube",
"ruby": [
[
"燻",
"くす"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べた",
"roman": "kusubeta",
"ruby": [
[
"燻",
"くす"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-ichi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kusube",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kusuberu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubeyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kusuberareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubesaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubesasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kusuberareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubereru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubeyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubenai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubenu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusuben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubemasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "燻べれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "くすべれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kusubereba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "くすべる",
"tr": "trans",
"type": "2"
},
"expansion": "燻(くす)べる • (kusuberu) transitive ichidan (stem 燻(くす)べ (kusube), past 燻(くす)べた (kusubeta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to burn something so as to produce much smoke"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to torment, bully"
],
"links": [
[
"torment",
"torment"
],
[
"bully",
"bully"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くすべる"
},
{
"other": "くすべる"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ᵝsɨᵝbe̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "燻す"
}
],
"word": "燻べる"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.