See 灌木 on Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "qiáomù",
"word": "喬木"
},
{
"roman": "qiáomù",
"word": "乔木"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "灌木",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Horticulture",
"orig": "zh:Horticulture",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Shrubs",
"orig": "zh:Shrubs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "guànmùcóng",
"word": "灌木叢"
},
{
"roman": "guànmùcóng",
"word": "灌木丛"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shrub; bush"
],
"id": "en-灌木-zh-noun-1Kri7BOc",
"links": [
[
"shrub",
"shrub"
],
[
"bush",
"bush"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "guànmùcóng",
"word": "灌木叢／灌木丛"
},
{
"roman": "guànmùcóng",
"word": "灌木叢"
},
{
"roman": "guànmùcóng",
"word": "灌木丛"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "guànmù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨㄢˋ ㄇㄨˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gun³ muk⁶"
},
{
"zh-pron": "koàn-bo̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "guànmù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨㄢˋ ㄇㄨˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "guànmù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kuan⁴-mu⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gwàn-mù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "guannmuh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "гуаньму"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "guanʹmu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku̯än⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gun muhk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gun³ muk⁹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gun³ mug⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuːn³³ mʊk̚²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "koàn-bo̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kuàn-bo̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "koarnbok"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuan²¹⁻⁵³ bɔk̚⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kuan⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ bɔk̚²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kuan²¹⁻⁵³ bɔk̚¹²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kuan¹¹⁻⁵³ bɔk̚⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kuan²¹⁻⁴¹ bɔk̚⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ku̯än⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuːn³³ mʊk̚²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuan²¹⁻⁵³ bɔk̚⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuan⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ bɔk̚²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuan²¹⁻⁵³ bɔk̚¹²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuan¹¹⁻⁵³ bɔk̚⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuan²¹⁻⁴¹ bɔk̚⁴/"
}
],
"word": "灌木"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "灌木",
"ruby": [
[
"灌",
"かん"
],
[
"木",
"ぼく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kanboku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kwanboku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "くわんぼく",
"roman": "kwanboku",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かんぼく",
"hhira": "くわんぼく"
},
"expansion": "灌(かん)木(ぼく) • (kanboku) ^(←くわんぼく (kwanboku)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "喬木"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Plants",
"orig": "ja:Plants",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shrub"
],
"id": "en-灌木-ja-noun-O3Llkc2i",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"shrub",
"shrub"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, botany) shrub"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "低木"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かんぼく"
},
{
"ipa": "[kã̠mbo̞kɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "灌木"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "gwanmok",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "관목",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "관목"
},
"expansion": "灌木 • (gwanmok) (hangeul 관목)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "shrub, bush",
"word": "관목"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 관목 (“shrub, bush”)"
],
"id": "en-灌木-ko-noun-dTPukYM7",
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"관목",
"관목#Korean"
],
[
"shrub",
"shrub"
],
[
"bush",
"bush"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "灌木"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "qiáomù",
"word": "喬木"
},
{
"roman": "qiáomù",
"word": "乔木"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "guànmùcóng",
"word": "灌木叢"
},
{
"roman": "guànmùcóng",
"word": "灌木丛"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "灌木",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Advanced Mandarin",
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese nouns",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 木",
"Chinese terms spelled with 灌",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Hokkien nouns",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin nouns",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zh:Horticulture",
"zh:Shrubs"
],
"glosses": [
"shrub; bush"
],
"links": [
[
"shrub",
"shrub"
],
[
"bush",
"bush"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "guànmù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨㄢˋ ㄇㄨˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gun³ muk⁶"
},
{
"zh-pron": "koàn-bo̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "guànmù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨㄢˋ ㄇㄨˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "guànmù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kuan⁴-mu⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gwàn-mù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "guannmuh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "гуаньму"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "guanʹmu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku̯än⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gun muhk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gun³ muk⁹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gun³ mug⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuːn³³ mʊk̚²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "koàn-bo̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kuàn-bo̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "koarnbok"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuan²¹⁻⁵³ bɔk̚⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kuan⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ bɔk̚²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kuan²¹⁻⁵³ bɔk̚¹²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kuan¹¹⁻⁵³ bɔk̚⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kuan²¹⁻⁴¹ bɔk̚⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ku̯än⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuːn³³ mʊk̚²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuan²¹⁻⁵³ bɔk̚⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuan⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ bɔk̚²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuan²¹⁻⁵³ bɔk̚¹²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuan¹¹⁻⁵³ bɔk̚⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuan²¹⁻⁴¹ bɔk̚⁴/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "guànmùcóng",
"word": "灌木叢／灌木丛"
},
{
"roman": "guànmùcóng",
"word": "灌木叢"
},
{
"roman": "guànmùcóng",
"word": "灌木丛"
}
],
"word": "灌木"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "灌木",
"ruby": [
[
"灌",
"かん"
],
[
"木",
"ぼく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kanboku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kwanboku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "くわんぼく",
"roman": "kwanboku",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かんぼく",
"hhira": "くわんぼく"
},
"expansion": "灌(かん)木(ぼく) • (kanboku) ^(←くわんぼく (kwanboku)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "喬木"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms historically spelled with わ",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with hyōgai kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with archaic senses",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:Plants"
],
"glosses": [
"shrub"
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"shrub",
"shrub"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, botany) shrub"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "低木"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かんぼく"
},
{
"ipa": "[kã̠mbo̞kɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "灌木"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "gwanmok",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "관목",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "관목"
},
"expansion": "灌木 • (gwanmok) (hangeul 관목)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean hanja forms",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "shrub, bush",
"word": "관목"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 관목 (“shrub, bush”)"
],
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"관목",
"관목#Korean"
],
[
"shrub",
"shrub"
],
[
"bush",
"bush"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "灌木"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 灌木 meaning in All languages combined (5.4kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
"path": [
"灌木"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "灌木",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"灌木"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "灌木",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"灌木"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "灌木",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"灌木"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "灌木",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-07-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-07-01 using wiktextract (45c4a21 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.