See 杜父魚 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 杜父魚 meaning in All languages combined (14.4kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "渡父",
"2": "one who steers a boat"
},
"expansion": "渡父 (“one who steers a boat”)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "魚",
"2": "fish"
},
"expansion": "魚／鱼 (yú, “fish”)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "渡父 (“one who steers a boat”) + 魚／鱼 (yú, “fish”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "杜父魚",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Fish",
"orig": "zh:Fish",
"parents": [
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"freshwater sculpin (Cottus)"
],
"id": "en-杜父魚-zh-noun-PJoOi0z3",
"links": [
[
"Cottus",
"Cottus"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dùfùyú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄉㄨˋ ㄈㄨˋ ㄩˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "dùfùyú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dùfùyú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tu⁴-fu⁴-yü²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dù-fù-yú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "duhfuhyu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "дуфуюй"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "dufujuj"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵¹⁻⁵³ fu⁵¹ y³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵¹⁻⁵³ fu⁵¹ y³⁵/"
}
],
"word": "杜父魚"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "杜父魚"
},
"expansion": "杜父魚",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Cottus kazika",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Cottus kazika",
"name": "taxfmt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "鎌切",
"3": "",
"4": "mantis",
"tr": "kamakiri"
},
"expansion": "鎌切 (kamakiri, “mantis”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "熟字訓"
},
"expansion": "熟字訓",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"sort": "かまきり"
},
"expansion": "jukujikun (熟字訓)",
"name": "juku"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "zh",
"3": "杜父魚",
"sort": "かまきり"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 杜父魚／杜父鱼 (dùfùyú)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Apparently from 鎌切 (kamakiri, “mantis”), possibly from the way the pectoral fins are smooth on the upper edge and webbed with sharp rays along the lower edge, somewhat similar to a mantis's forelegs, or from the way the fish lies in wait to grab prey, similar to a mantis.\nThe kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 杜父魚／杜父鱼 (dùfùyú).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "杜父魚",
"ruby": [
[
"杜父魚",
"かまきり"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "杜父魚",
"ruby": [
[
"杜父魚",
"カマキリ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kamakiri",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かまきり",
"2": "カマキリ"
},
"expansion": "杜父魚(かまきり) or 杜父魚(カマキリ) • (kamakiri)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 29 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 22 28 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 22 28 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 30 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 26 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 27 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a fourspine sculpin (species Cottus kazika); very similar to the kajika (see below), but larger"
],
"id": "en-杜父魚-ja-noun-8Q-JHBBA",
"links": [
[
"fourspine sculpin",
"fourspine sculpin"
],
[
"Cottus kazika",
"Cottus kazika#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "ayukake",
"ruby": [
[
"鮎",
"あゆ"
],
[
"掛",
"かけ"
]
],
"tags": [
"common"
],
"word": "鮎掛"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かまきり"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ma̠kʲiɾʲi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Fourspine sculpin"
],
"word": "杜父魚"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"sort": "かくぶつ"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "熟字訓"
},
"expansion": "熟字訓",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"sort": "かくぶつ"
},
"expansion": "jukujikun (熟字訓)",
"name": "juku"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "zh",
"3": "杜父魚",
"sort": "かくぶつ"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 杜父魚／杜父鱼 (dùfùyú)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown.\nThe kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 杜父魚／杜父鱼 (dùfùyú).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "杜父魚",
"ruby": [
[
"杜父魚",
"かくぶつ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kakubutsu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かくぶつ"
},
"expansion": "杜父魚(かくぶつ) • (kakubutsu)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "29 29 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 22 28 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 22 28 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 30 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 26 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 27 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a fourspine sculpin (species Cottus kazika); very similar to the kajika (see below), but larger"
],
"id": "en-杜父魚-ja-noun-8Q-JHBBA1",
"links": [
[
"fourspine sculpin",
"fourspine sculpin"
],
[
"Cottus kazika",
"Cottus kazika#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) a fourspine sculpin (species Cottus kazika); very similar to the kajika (see below), but larger"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かくぶつ"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠kɯ̟ᵝbɯ̟ᵝt͡sɨᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "杜父魚"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "杜父魚"
},
"expansion": "杜父魚",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Japanese fluvial sculpin"
},
"expansion": "Japanese fluvial sculpin",
"name": "vern"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Cottus pollux",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Cottus pollux",
"name": "taxlink"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "河鹿",
"3": "",
"lit": "river deer",
"tr": "kajika"
},
"expansion": "河鹿 (kajika, literally “river deer”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Japanese river frog"
},
"expansion": "Japanese river frog",
"name": "vern"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "河鹿蛙",
"3": "",
"4": "Japanese river frog",
"tr": "kajika-gaeru"
},
"expansion": "河鹿蛙 (kajika-gaeru, “Japanese river frog”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "河鹿",
"tr": "kajika"
},
"expansion": "河鹿 (kajika)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "河",
"3": "鹿",
"sort": "かじか",
"t1": "river",
"t2": "deer",
"tr1": "kawa",
"tr2": "shika"
},
"expansion": "河 (kawa, “river”) + 鹿 (shika, “deer”)",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "熟字訓"
},
"expansion": "熟字訓",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"sort": "かじか"
},
"expansion": "jukujikun (熟字訓)",
"name": "juku"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "zh",
"3": "杜父魚",
"sort": "かじか"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 杜父魚／杜父鱼 (dùfùyú)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from 河鹿 (kajika, literally “river deer”), the short name for 河鹿蛙 (kajika-gaeru, “Japanese river frog”), from the way the fish can resemble a young frog or tadpole as it sits on the bottom.\nAlternatively, possibly derived from the same roots as 河鹿 (kajika) in reference to the fish's use as food, ultimately as a compound of 河 (kawa, “river”) + 鹿 (shika, “deer”): /kawa ɕika/ → /kad͡ʑika/.\nThe kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 杜父魚／杜父鱼 (dùfùyú).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "杜父魚",
"ruby": [
[
"杜父魚",
"かじか"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "杜父魚",
"ruby": [
[
"杜父魚",
"カジカ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kajika",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かじか",
"2": "カジカ"
},
"expansion": "杜父魚(かじか) or 杜父魚(カジカ) • (kajika)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 29 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 22 28 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 22 28 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 30 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 26 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 27 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a Japanese fluvial sculpin (species Cottus pollux); very similar to the kamakiri (see above), but smaller"
],
"id": "en-杜父魚-ja-noun-wrXzyfBV"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かじか"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ʑika̠]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gori",
"ruby": [
[
"鮴",
"ごり"
]
],
"word": "鮴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "magori",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "まごり"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ogori",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "おごり"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Japanese fluvial sculpin",
"ja:カジカ (魚)"
],
"word": "杜父魚"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "とふぎょ"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "杜父魚"
},
"expansion": "杜父魚 (MC duX pjuX|bjuX ngjo)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "漢音",
"tr": "kan'on"
},
"expansion": "漢音 (kan'on)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Appears to be a borrowing from Middle Chinese 杜父魚 (MC duX pjuX|bjuX ngjo). The 漢音 (kan'on), so a later borrowing after the end of the Old Japanese stage of the language.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "杜父魚",
"ruby": [
[
"杜",
"と"
],
[
"父",
"ふ"
],
[
"魚",
"ぎょ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tofugyo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "とふぎょ"
},
"expansion": "杜(と)父(ふ)魚(ぎょ) • (tofugyo)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 29 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 22 28 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 22 28 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 30 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 26 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 27 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a Japanese fluvial sculpin (species Cottus pollux), more commonly known as 鰍 (kajika)"
],
"id": "en-杜父魚-ja-noun-jFkc7AJ6",
"links": [
[
"鰍",
"鰍#Japanese"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "kajika",
"ruby": [
[
"鰍",
"かじか"
]
],
"word": "鰍"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "とふぎょ"
},
{
"ipa": "[to̞ɸɯ̟ᵝɡʲo̞]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gori",
"ruby": [
[
"鮴",
"ごり"
]
],
"word": "鮴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "magori",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "まごり"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ogori",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "おごり"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "杜父魚"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "渡父",
"2": "one who steers a boat"
},
"expansion": "渡父 (“one who steers a boat”)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "魚",
"2": "fish"
},
"expansion": "魚／鱼 (yú, “fish”)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "渡父 (“one who steers a boat”) + 魚／鱼 (yú, “fish”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "杜父魚",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese redlinks/zh-l",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin nouns",
"zh:Fish"
],
"glosses": [
"freshwater sculpin (Cottus)"
],
"links": [
[
"Cottus",
"Cottus"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dùfùyú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄉㄨˋ ㄈㄨˋ ㄩˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "dùfùyú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dùfùyú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tu⁴-fu⁴-yü²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dù-fù-yú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "duhfuhyu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "дуфуюй"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "dufujuj"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵¹⁻⁵³ fu⁵¹ y³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵¹⁻⁵³ fu⁵¹ y³⁵/"
}
],
"word": "杜父魚"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with jukujikun",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with three Han script characters"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "杜父魚"
},
"expansion": "杜父魚",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Cottus kazika",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Cottus kazika",
"name": "taxfmt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "鎌切",
"3": "",
"4": "mantis",
"tr": "kamakiri"
},
"expansion": "鎌切 (kamakiri, “mantis”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "熟字訓"
},
"expansion": "熟字訓",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"sort": "かまきり"
},
"expansion": "jukujikun (熟字訓)",
"name": "juku"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "zh",
"3": "杜父魚",
"sort": "かまきり"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 杜父魚／杜父鱼 (dùfùyú)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Apparently from 鎌切 (kamakiri, “mantis”), possibly from the way the pectoral fins are smooth on the upper edge and webbed with sharp rays along the lower edge, somewhat similar to a mantis's forelegs, or from the way the fish lies in wait to grab prey, similar to a mantis.\nThe kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 杜父魚／杜父鱼 (dùfùyú).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "杜父魚",
"ruby": [
[
"杜父魚",
"かまきり"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "杜父魚",
"ruby": [
[
"杜父魚",
"カマキリ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kamakiri",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かまきり",
"2": "カマキリ"
},
"expansion": "杜父魚(かまきり) or 杜父魚(カマキリ) • (kamakiri)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a fourspine sculpin (species Cottus kazika); very similar to the kajika (see below), but larger"
],
"links": [
[
"fourspine sculpin",
"fourspine sculpin"
],
[
"Cottus kazika",
"Cottus kazika#Translingual"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かまきり"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ma̠kʲiɾʲi]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "ayukake",
"ruby": [
[
"鮎",
"あゆ"
],
[
"掛",
"かけ"
]
],
"tags": [
"common"
],
"word": "鮎掛"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Fourspine sculpin"
],
"word": "杜父魚"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with jukujikun",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with unknown etymologies",
"Japanese terms written with three Han script characters"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"sort": "かくぶつ"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "熟字訓"
},
"expansion": "熟字訓",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"sort": "かくぶつ"
},
"expansion": "jukujikun (熟字訓)",
"name": "juku"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "zh",
"3": "杜父魚",
"sort": "かくぶつ"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 杜父魚／杜父鱼 (dùfùyú)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown.\nThe kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 杜父魚／杜父鱼 (dùfùyú).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "杜父魚",
"ruby": [
[
"杜父魚",
"かくぶつ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kakubutsu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かくぶつ"
},
"expansion": "杜父魚(かくぶつ) • (kakubutsu)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"a fourspine sculpin (species Cottus kazika); very similar to the kajika (see below), but larger"
],
"links": [
[
"fourspine sculpin",
"fourspine sculpin"
],
[
"Cottus kazika",
"Cottus kazika#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) a fourspine sculpin (species Cottus kazika); very similar to the kajika (see below), but larger"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かくぶつ"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠kɯ̟ᵝbɯ̟ᵝt͡sɨᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "杜父魚"
}
{
"categories": [
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with jukujikun",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with three Han script characters"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "杜父魚"
},
"expansion": "杜父魚",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Japanese fluvial sculpin"
},
"expansion": "Japanese fluvial sculpin",
"name": "vern"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Cottus pollux",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Cottus pollux",
"name": "taxlink"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "河鹿",
"3": "",
"lit": "river deer",
"tr": "kajika"
},
"expansion": "河鹿 (kajika, literally “river deer”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Japanese river frog"
},
"expansion": "Japanese river frog",
"name": "vern"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "河鹿蛙",
"3": "",
"4": "Japanese river frog",
"tr": "kajika-gaeru"
},
"expansion": "河鹿蛙 (kajika-gaeru, “Japanese river frog”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "河鹿",
"tr": "kajika"
},
"expansion": "河鹿 (kajika)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "河",
"3": "鹿",
"sort": "かじか",
"t1": "river",
"t2": "deer",
"tr1": "kawa",
"tr2": "shika"
},
"expansion": "河 (kawa, “river”) + 鹿 (shika, “deer”)",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "熟字訓"
},
"expansion": "熟字訓",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"sort": "かじか"
},
"expansion": "jukujikun (熟字訓)",
"name": "juku"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "zh",
"3": "杜父魚",
"sort": "かじか"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 杜父魚／杜父鱼 (dùfùyú)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from 河鹿 (kajika, literally “river deer”), the short name for 河鹿蛙 (kajika-gaeru, “Japanese river frog”), from the way the fish can resemble a young frog or tadpole as it sits on the bottom.\nAlternatively, possibly derived from the same roots as 河鹿 (kajika) in reference to the fish's use as food, ultimately as a compound of 河 (kawa, “river”) + 鹿 (shika, “deer”): /kawa ɕika/ → /kad͡ʑika/.\nThe kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 杜父魚／杜父鱼 (dùfùyú).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "杜父魚",
"ruby": [
[
"杜父魚",
"かじか"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "杜父魚",
"ruby": [
[
"杜父魚",
"カジカ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kajika",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かじか",
"2": "カジカ"
},
"expansion": "杜父魚(かじか) or 杜父魚(カジカ) • (kajika)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)"
],
"glosses": [
"a Japanese fluvial sculpin (species Cottus pollux); very similar to the kamakiri (see above), but smaller"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かじか"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ʑika̠]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "gori",
"ruby": [
[
"鮴",
"ごり"
]
],
"word": "鮴"
},
{
"roman": "magori",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "まごり"
},
{
"roman": "ogori",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "おごり"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Japanese fluvial sculpin",
"ja:カジカ (魚)"
],
"word": "杜父魚"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with three Han script characters"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "とふぎょ"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "杜父魚"
},
"expansion": "杜父魚 (MC duX pjuX|bjuX ngjo)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "漢音",
"tr": "kan'on"
},
"expansion": "漢音 (kan'on)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Appears to be a borrowing from Middle Chinese 杜父魚 (MC duX pjuX|bjuX ngjo). The 漢音 (kan'on), so a later borrowing after the end of the Old Japanese stage of the language.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "杜父魚",
"ruby": [
[
"杜",
"と"
],
[
"父",
"ふ"
],
[
"魚",
"ぎょ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tofugyo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "とふぎょ"
},
"expansion": "杜(と)父(ふ)魚(ぎょ) • (tofugyo)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)"
],
"glosses": [
"a Japanese fluvial sculpin (species Cottus pollux), more commonly known as 鰍 (kajika)"
],
"links": [
[
"鰍",
"鰍#Japanese"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "とふぎょ"
},
{
"ipa": "[to̞ɸɯ̟ᵝɡʲo̞]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "kajika",
"ruby": [
[
"鰍",
"かじか"
]
],
"word": "鰍"
},
{
"roman": "gori",
"ruby": [
[
"鮴",
"ごり"
]
],
"word": "鮴"
},
{
"roman": "magori",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "まごり"
},
{
"roman": "ogori",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "おごり"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "杜父魚"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.