See 教訓 on Wiktionary
{ "forms": [ { "form": "教训", "raw_tags": [ "Simplified Chinese" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "教訓", "name": "zh-verb" } ], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "40 35 10 15", "kind": "other", "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 20 17 17 11 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 20 17 18 11 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "to chide; to lecture; to teach somebody a lesson" ], "id": "en-教訓-zh-verb-MUEvYuhl", "links": [ [ "chide", "chide" ], [ "lecture", "lecture" ] ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "40 35 10 15", "kind": "other", "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 20 17 17 11 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 20 17 18 11 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "to train; to educate" ], "id": "en-教訓-zh-verb-EAOKQ6mW", "links": [ [ "train", "train" ], [ "educate", "educate" ] ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "40 35 10 15", "kind": "other", "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 20 17 17 11 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 20 17 18 11 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "25 30 0 44", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "zh", "name": "Education", "orig": "zh:Education", "parents": [ "Society", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "to instruct; to teach; to guide" ], "id": "en-教訓-zh-verb-d~5XOZ4O", "links": [ [ "instruct", "instruct" ], [ "teach", "teach" ], [ "guide", "guide" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard" ], "zh-pron": "jiàoxùn" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "bopomofo", "standard" ], "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄠˋ ㄒㄩㄣˋ" }, { "tags": [ "Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific" ], "zh-pron": "җёщүн" }, { "tags": [ "Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific" ], "zh-pron": "ži͡oxün" }, { "tags": [ "Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific" ], "zh-pron": "I-I" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Jyutping" ], "zh-pron": "gaau³ fan³" }, { "tags": [ "Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian" ], "zh-pron": "kau-hiun" }, { "zh-pron": "kàu-hùn" }, { "tags": [ "Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin" ], "zh-pron": "jiàoxùn" }, { "tags": [ "Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin", "toneless-final-syllable-variant" ], "zh-pron": "jiàoxun" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "bopomofo" ], "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄠˋ ㄒㄩㄣˋ" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "bopomofo", "toneless-final-syllable-variant" ], "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄠˋ ˙ㄒㄩㄣ" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "jiàosyůn" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Wade-Giles" ], "zh-pron": "chiao⁴-hsün⁵" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Yale" ], "zh-pron": "jyàu-syun" }, { "tags": [ "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin" ], "zh-pron": "jiaw.shiunn" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Palladius" ], "zh-pron": "цзяосюнь" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Palladius" ], "zh-pron": "czjaosjunʹ" }, { "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕyn⁵¹/ ", "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "ipa": " /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɕyn¹/", "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "ipa": "/t͡ɕiɔː²⁴ ɕyŋ²⁴/", "tags": [ "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Yale" ], "zh-pron": "gaau fan" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "gaau³ fan³" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization" ], "zh-pron": "gao³ fen³" }, { "ipa": "/kaːu̯³³ fɐn³³/", "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "tags": [ "Hakka", "Phak-fa-su" ], "zh-pron": "kau-hiun" }, { "tags": [ "Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System" ], "zh-pron": "gau hiun" }, { "tags": [ "Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka" ], "zh-pron": "gau⁴ hiun⁴" }, { "ipa": "/kau̯⁵⁵ hi̯un⁵⁵/", "tags": [ "Hakka", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "tags": [ "Hokkien", "POJ" ], "zh-pron": "kàu-hùn" }, { "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Tai-lo" ], "zh-pron": "kàu-hùn" }, { "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun" ], "zh-pron": "kao'huxn" }, { "ipa": "/kau²¹⁻⁵³ hun²¹/", "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Xiamen" ] }, { "ipa": "/kau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hun⁴¹/", "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Quanzhou" ] }, { "ipa": "/kau²¹⁻⁵³ hun²¹/", "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Zhangzhou" ] }, { "ipa": "/kau¹¹⁻⁵³ hun¹¹/", "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Taipei" ] }, { "ipa": "/kau²¹⁻⁴¹ hun²¹/", "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Kaohsiung" ] }, { "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕyn⁵¹/" }, { "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɕyn¹/" }, { "ipa": "/t͡ɕiɔː²⁴ ɕyŋ²⁴/" }, { "ipa": "/kaːu̯³³ fɐn³³/" }, { "ipa": "/kau̯⁵⁵ hi̯un⁵⁵/" }, { "ipa": "/kau²¹⁻⁵³ hun²¹/" }, { "ipa": "/kau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hun⁴¹/" }, { "ipa": "/kau²¹⁻⁵³ hun²¹/" }, { "ipa": "/kau¹¹⁻⁵³ hun¹¹/" }, { "ipa": "/kau²¹⁻⁴¹ hun²¹/" } ], "synonyms": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "chuánshòu", "word": "傳授" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "chuánshòu", "word": "传授" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "chuánjiāo", "word": "傳教" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "chuánjiāo", "word": "传教" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "zhǐshòu", "tags": [ "literary" ], "word": "指授" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "jiàodǎo", "word": "教導" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "jiàodǎo", "word": "教导" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "jiāoshòu", "word": "教授" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "jiàoliàn", "word": "教練" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "jiàoliàn", "word": "教练" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "jiàoxí", "tags": [ "literary" ], "word": "教習" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "jiàoxí", "tags": [ "literary" ], "word": "教习" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "jiàoyù", "word": "教育" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "jiàohuì", "tags": [ "formal" ], "word": "教誨" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "jiàohuì", "tags": [ "formal" ], "word": "教诲" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "gaau3 sik1", "tags": [ "Cantonese" ], "word": "教識" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "gaau3 sik1", "tags": [ "Cantonese" ], "word": "教识" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "shījiào", "tags": [ "literary" ], "word": "施教" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "xùn", "tags": [ "in-compounds", "literary" ], "word": "訓" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "xùn", "tags": [ "in-compounds", "literary" ], "word": "训" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "english": "chiefly of superiors to subordinates, or old to young", "roman": "xùnhuì", "tags": [ "literary" ], "word": "訓誨" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "english": "chiefly of superiors to subordinates, or old to young", "roman": "xùnhuì", "tags": [ "literary" ], "word": "训诲" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "jiǎngshòu", "word": "講授" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "jiǎngshòu", "word": "讲授" } ], "word": "教訓" } { "forms": [ { "form": "教训", "raw_tags": [ "Simplified Chinese" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zh", "2": "noun" }, "expansion": "教訓", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "40 35 10 15", "kind": "other", "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "42 33 0 25", "kind": "other", "name": "Elementary Mandarin", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 20 17 17 11 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 20 17 18 11 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "lesson; moral; lecture" ], "id": "en-教訓-zh-noun-WsQLaycB", "links": [ [ "lesson", "lesson" ], [ "moral", "moral" ], [ "lecture", "lecture" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "roman": "zhǔjiào", "tags": [ "honorific", "literary" ], "word": "麈教" } ] } ], "sounds": [ { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard" ], "zh-pron": "jiàoxùn" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "bopomofo", "standard" ], "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄠˋ ㄒㄩㄣˋ" }, { "tags": [ "Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific" ], "zh-pron": "җёщүн" }, { "tags": [ "Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific" ], "zh-pron": "ži͡oxün" }, { "tags": [ "Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific" ], "zh-pron": "I-I" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Jyutping" ], "zh-pron": "gaau³ fan³" }, { "tags": [ "Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian" ], "zh-pron": "kau-hiun" }, { "zh-pron": "kàu-hùn" }, { "tags": [ "Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin" ], "zh-pron": "jiàoxùn" }, { "tags": [ "Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin", "toneless-final-syllable-variant" ], "zh-pron": "jiàoxun" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "bopomofo" ], "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄠˋ ㄒㄩㄣˋ" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "bopomofo", "toneless-final-syllable-variant" ], "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄠˋ ˙ㄒㄩㄣ" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "jiàosyůn" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Wade-Giles" ], "zh-pron": "chiao⁴-hsün⁵" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Yale" ], "zh-pron": "jyàu-syun" }, { "tags": [ "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin" ], "zh-pron": "jiaw.shiunn" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Palladius" ], "zh-pron": "цзяосюнь" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Palladius" ], "zh-pron": "czjaosjunʹ" }, { "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕyn⁵¹/ ", "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "ipa": " /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɕyn¹/", "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "ipa": "/t͡ɕiɔː²⁴ ɕyŋ²⁴/", "tags": [ "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Yale" ], "zh-pron": "gaau fan" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "gaau³ fan³" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization" ], "zh-pron": "gao³ fen³" }, { "ipa": "/kaːu̯³³ fɐn³³/", "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "tags": [ "Hakka", "Phak-fa-su" ], "zh-pron": "kau-hiun" }, { "tags": [ "Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System" ], "zh-pron": "gau hiun" }, { "tags": [ "Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka" ], "zh-pron": "gau⁴ hiun⁴" }, { "ipa": "/kau̯⁵⁵ hi̯un⁵⁵/", "tags": [ "Hakka", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "tags": [ "Hokkien", "POJ" ], "zh-pron": "kàu-hùn" }, { "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Tai-lo" ], "zh-pron": "kàu-hùn" }, { "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun" ], "zh-pron": "kao'huxn" }, { "ipa": "/kau²¹⁻⁵³ hun²¹/", "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Xiamen" ] }, { "ipa": "/kau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hun⁴¹/", "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Quanzhou" ] }, { "ipa": "/kau²¹⁻⁵³ hun²¹/", "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Zhangzhou" ] }, { "ipa": "/kau¹¹⁻⁵³ hun¹¹/", "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Taipei" ] }, { "ipa": "/kau²¹⁻⁴¹ hun²¹/", "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Kaohsiung" ] }, { "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕyn⁵¹/" }, { "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɕyn¹/" }, { "ipa": "/t͡ɕiɔː²⁴ ɕyŋ²⁴/" }, { "ipa": "/kaːu̯³³ fɐn³³/" }, { "ipa": "/kau̯⁵⁵ hi̯un⁵⁵/" }, { "ipa": "/kau²¹⁻⁵³ hun²¹/" }, { "ipa": "/kau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hun⁴¹/" }, { "ipa": "/kau²¹⁻⁵³ hun²¹/" }, { "ipa": "/kau¹¹⁻⁵³ hun¹¹/" }, { "ipa": "/kau²¹⁻⁴¹ hun²¹/" } ], "word": "教訓" } { "forms": [ { "form": "教訓", "ruby": [ [ "教", "きょう" ], [ "訓", "くん" ] ], "tags": [ "canonical" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun", "tags": [ "romanization" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "きょうくん" }, "expansion": "教(きょう)訓(くん) • (kyōkun)", "name": "ja-noun" } ], "lang": "Japanese", "lang_code": "ja", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "23 20 17 17 11 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 20 17 18 11 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "54 46", "kind": "other", "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "50 50", "kind": "other", "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks", "parents": [ "Links with redundant wikilinks", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "49 51", "kind": "other", "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "50 50", "kind": "other", "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys", "parents": [ "Terms with redundant sortkeys", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "english": "It taught us a lot.", "roman": "Ōki na kyōkun o eta.", "ruby": [ [ "大", "おお" ], [ "教訓", "きょうくん" ], [ "得", "え" ] ], "text": "大きな教訓を得た。", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "lesson, teaching" ], "id": "en-教訓-ja-noun-kqzVDbhR", "links": [ [ "lesson", "lesson" ], [ "teaching", "teaching" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "[kʲo̞ːkɯ̟̃ɴ]" } ], "word": "教訓" } { "forms": [ { "form": "教訓する", "ruby": [ [ "教", "きょう" ], [ "訓", "くん" ] ], "tags": [ "canonical" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun suru", "tags": [ "romanization" ] }, { "form": "教訓し", "roman": "kyōkun shi", "ruby": [ [ "教", "きょう" ], [ "訓", "くん" ] ], "tags": [ "stem" ] }, { "form": "教訓した", "roman": "kyōkun shita", "ruby": [ [ "教", "きょう" ], [ "訓", "くん" ] ], "tags": [ "past" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "ja-suru", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "教訓し", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんし", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun shi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "教訓する", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんする", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun suru", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "教訓すれ", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんすれ", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun sure", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "教訓せよ", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form", "imperative", "literary" ] }, { "form": "教訓しろ", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "colloquial", "error-unrecognized-form", "imperative" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんせよ", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form", "imperative", "literary" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんしろ", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "colloquial", "error-unrecognized-form", "imperative" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun seyo", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form", "imperative", "literary" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun shiro", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "colloquial", "error-unrecognized-form", "imperative" ] }, { "form": "教訓される", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "passive" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんされる", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "passive" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun sareru", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "passive" ] }, { "form": "教訓させる", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "causative" ] }, { "form": "教訓さす", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "causative" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんさせる", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "causative" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんさす", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "causative" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun saseru", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "causative" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun sasu", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "causative" ] }, { "form": "教訓できる", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "potential" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんできる", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "potential" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun dekiru", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "potential" ] }, { "form": "教訓しよう", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "volitional" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんしよう", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "volitional" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun shiyō", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "volitional" ] }, { "form": "教訓しない", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "negative" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんしない", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "negative" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun shinai", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "negative" ] }, { "form": "教訓せず", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "continuative", "negative" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんせず", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "continuative", "negative" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun sezu", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "continuative", "negative" ] }, { "form": "教訓します", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "formal" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんします", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "formal" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun shimasu", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "formal" ] }, { "form": "教訓した", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "perfective" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんした", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "perfective" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun shita", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "perfective" ] }, { "form": "教訓して", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conjunctive" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんして", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conjunctive" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun shite", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conjunctive" ] }, { "form": "教訓すれば", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "hypothetical" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんすれば", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "hypothetical" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun sureba", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "hypothetical" ] } ], "lang": "Japanese", "lang_code": "ja", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "23 20 17 17 11 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 20 17 18 11 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "54 46", "kind": "other", "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "50 50", "kind": "other", "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks", "parents": [ "Links with redundant wikilinks", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "49 51", "kind": "other", "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "50 50", "kind": "other", "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys", "parents": [ "Terms with redundant sortkeys", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "to teach" ], "id": "en-教訓-ja-verb-7Z3BpXhf", "links": [ [ "teach", "teach" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "[kʲo̞ːkɯ̟̃ɴ]" } ], "word": "教訓" }
{ "categories": [ "Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms spelled with 教", "Chinese terms spelled with 訓", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Chinese verbs", "Elementary Mandarin", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "zh:Education" ], "forms": [ { "form": "教训", "raw_tags": [ "Simplified Chinese" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "教訓", "name": "zh-verb" } ], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "to chide; to lecture; to teach somebody a lesson" ], "links": [ [ "chide", "chide" ], [ "lecture", "lecture" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "to train; to educate" ], "links": [ [ "train", "train" ], [ "educate", "educate" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "to instruct; to teach; to guide" ], "links": [ [ "instruct", "instruct" ], [ "teach", "teach" ], [ "guide", "guide" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard" ], "zh-pron": "jiàoxùn" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "bopomofo", "standard" ], "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄠˋ ㄒㄩㄣˋ" }, { "tags": [ "Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific" ], "zh-pron": "җёщүн" }, { "tags": [ "Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific" ], "zh-pron": "ži͡oxün" }, { "tags": [ "Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific" ], "zh-pron": "I-I" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Jyutping" ], "zh-pron": "gaau³ fan³" }, { "tags": [ "Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian" ], "zh-pron": "kau-hiun" }, { "zh-pron": "kàu-hùn" }, { "tags": [ "Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin" ], "zh-pron": "jiàoxùn" }, { "tags": [ "Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin", "toneless-final-syllable-variant" ], "zh-pron": "jiàoxun" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "bopomofo" ], "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄠˋ ㄒㄩㄣˋ" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "bopomofo", "toneless-final-syllable-variant" ], "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄠˋ ˙ㄒㄩㄣ" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "jiàosyůn" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Wade-Giles" ], "zh-pron": "chiao⁴-hsün⁵" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Yale" ], "zh-pron": "jyàu-syun" }, { "tags": [ "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin" ], "zh-pron": "jiaw.shiunn" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Palladius" ], "zh-pron": "цзяосюнь" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Palladius" ], "zh-pron": "czjaosjunʹ" }, { "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕyn⁵¹/ ", "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "ipa": " /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɕyn¹/", "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "ipa": "/t͡ɕiɔː²⁴ ɕyŋ²⁴/", "tags": [ "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Yale" ], "zh-pron": "gaau fan" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "gaau³ fan³" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization" ], "zh-pron": "gao³ fen³" }, { "ipa": "/kaːu̯³³ fɐn³³/", "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "tags": [ "Hakka", "Phak-fa-su" ], "zh-pron": "kau-hiun" }, { "tags": [ "Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System" ], "zh-pron": "gau hiun" }, { "tags": [ "Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka" ], "zh-pron": "gau⁴ hiun⁴" }, { "ipa": "/kau̯⁵⁵ hi̯un⁵⁵/", "tags": [ "Hakka", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "tags": [ "Hokkien", "POJ" ], "zh-pron": "kàu-hùn" }, { "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Tai-lo" ], "zh-pron": "kàu-hùn" }, { "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun" ], "zh-pron": "kao'huxn" }, { "ipa": "/kau²¹⁻⁵³ hun²¹/", "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Xiamen" ] }, { "ipa": "/kau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hun⁴¹/", "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Quanzhou" ] }, { "ipa": "/kau²¹⁻⁵³ hun²¹/", "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Zhangzhou" ] }, { "ipa": "/kau¹¹⁻⁵³ hun¹¹/", "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Taipei" ] }, { "ipa": "/kau²¹⁻⁴¹ hun²¹/", "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Kaohsiung" ] }, { "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕyn⁵¹/" }, { "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɕyn¹/" }, { "ipa": "/t͡ɕiɔː²⁴ ɕyŋ²⁴/" }, { "ipa": "/kaːu̯³³ fɐn³³/" }, { "ipa": "/kau̯⁵⁵ hi̯un⁵⁵/" }, { "ipa": "/kau²¹⁻⁵³ hun²¹/" }, { "ipa": "/kau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hun⁴¹/" }, { "ipa": "/kau²¹⁻⁵³ hun²¹/" }, { "ipa": "/kau¹¹⁻⁵³ hun¹¹/" }, { "ipa": "/kau²¹⁻⁴¹ hun²¹/" } ], "synonyms": [ { "roman": "chuánshòu", "word": "傳授" }, { "roman": "chuánshòu", "word": "传授" }, { "roman": "chuánjiāo", "word": "傳教" }, { "roman": "chuánjiāo", "word": "传教" }, { "roman": "zhǐshòu", "tags": [ "literary" ], "word": "指授" }, { "roman": "jiàodǎo", "word": "教導" }, { "roman": "jiàodǎo", "word": "教导" }, { "roman": "jiāoshòu", "word": "教授" }, { "roman": "jiàoliàn", "word": "教練" }, { "roman": "jiàoliàn", "word": "教练" }, { "roman": "jiàoxí", "tags": [ "literary" ], "word": "教習" }, { "roman": "jiàoxí", "tags": [ "literary" ], "word": "教习" }, { "roman": "jiàoyù", "word": "教育" }, { "roman": "jiàohuì", "tags": [ "formal" ], "word": "教誨" }, { "roman": "jiàohuì", "tags": [ "formal" ], "word": "教诲" }, { "roman": "gaau3 sik1", "tags": [ "Cantonese" ], "word": "教識" }, { "roman": "gaau3 sik1", "tags": [ "Cantonese" ], "word": "教识" }, { "roman": "shījiào", "tags": [ "literary" ], "word": "施教" }, { "roman": "xùn", "tags": [ "in-compounds", "literary" ], "word": "訓" }, { "roman": "xùn", "tags": [ "in-compounds", "literary" ], "word": "训" }, { "english": "chiefly of superiors to subordinates, or old to young", "roman": "xùnhuì", "tags": [ "literary" ], "word": "訓誨" }, { "english": "chiefly of superiors to subordinates, or old to young", "roman": "xùnhuì", "tags": [ "literary" ], "word": "训诲" }, { "roman": "jiǎngshòu", "word": "講授" }, { "roman": "jiǎngshòu", "word": "讲授" } ], "word": "教訓" } { "categories": [ "Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms spelled with 教", "Chinese terms spelled with 訓", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Chinese verbs", "Elementary Mandarin", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "zh:Education" ], "forms": [ { "form": "教训", "raw_tags": [ "Simplified Chinese" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zh", "2": "noun" }, "expansion": "教訓", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "lesson; moral; lecture" ], "links": [ [ "lesson", "lesson" ], [ "moral", "moral" ], [ "lecture", "lecture" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard" ], "zh-pron": "jiàoxùn" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "bopomofo", "standard" ], "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄠˋ ㄒㄩㄣˋ" }, { "tags": [ "Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific" ], "zh-pron": "җёщүн" }, { "tags": [ "Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific" ], "zh-pron": "ži͡oxün" }, { "tags": [ "Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific" ], "zh-pron": "I-I" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Jyutping" ], "zh-pron": "gaau³ fan³" }, { "tags": [ "Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian" ], "zh-pron": "kau-hiun" }, { "zh-pron": "kàu-hùn" }, { "tags": [ "Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin" ], "zh-pron": "jiàoxùn" }, { "tags": [ "Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin", "toneless-final-syllable-variant" ], "zh-pron": "jiàoxun" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "bopomofo" ], "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄠˋ ㄒㄩㄣˋ" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "bopomofo", "toneless-final-syllable-variant" ], "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄠˋ ˙ㄒㄩㄣ" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "jiàosyůn" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Wade-Giles" ], "zh-pron": "chiao⁴-hsün⁵" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Yale" ], "zh-pron": "jyàu-syun" }, { "tags": [ "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin" ], "zh-pron": "jiaw.shiunn" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Palladius" ], "zh-pron": "цзяосюнь" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Palladius" ], "zh-pron": "czjaosjunʹ" }, { "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕyn⁵¹/ ", "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "ipa": " /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɕyn¹/", "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "ipa": "/t͡ɕiɔː²⁴ ɕyŋ²⁴/", "tags": [ "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Yale" ], "zh-pron": "gaau fan" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "gaau³ fan³" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization" ], "zh-pron": "gao³ fen³" }, { "ipa": "/kaːu̯³³ fɐn³³/", "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "tags": [ "Hakka", "Phak-fa-su" ], "zh-pron": "kau-hiun" }, { "tags": [ "Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System" ], "zh-pron": "gau hiun" }, { "tags": [ "Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka" ], "zh-pron": "gau⁴ hiun⁴" }, { "ipa": "/kau̯⁵⁵ hi̯un⁵⁵/", "tags": [ "Hakka", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "tags": [ "Hokkien", "POJ" ], "zh-pron": "kàu-hùn" }, { "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Tai-lo" ], "zh-pron": "kàu-hùn" }, { "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun" ], "zh-pron": "kao'huxn" }, { "ipa": "/kau²¹⁻⁵³ hun²¹/", "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Xiamen" ] }, { "ipa": "/kau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hun⁴¹/", "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Quanzhou" ] }, { "ipa": "/kau²¹⁻⁵³ hun²¹/", "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Zhangzhou" ] }, { "ipa": "/kau¹¹⁻⁵³ hun¹¹/", "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Taipei" ] }, { "ipa": "/kau²¹⁻⁴¹ hun²¹/", "tags": [ "Hokkien", "Kaohsiung" ] }, { "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕyn⁵¹/" }, { "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɕyn¹/" }, { "ipa": "/t͡ɕiɔː²⁴ ɕyŋ²⁴/" }, { "ipa": "/kaːu̯³³ fɐn³³/" }, { "ipa": "/kau̯⁵⁵ hi̯un⁵⁵/" }, { "ipa": "/kau²¹⁻⁵³ hun²¹/" }, { "ipa": "/kau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hun⁴¹/" }, { "ipa": "/kau²¹⁻⁵³ hun²¹/" }, { "ipa": "/kau¹¹⁻⁵³ hun¹¹/" }, { "ipa": "/kau²¹⁻⁴¹ hun²¹/" } ], "synonyms": [ { "roman": "zhǔjiào", "tags": [ "honorific", "literary" ], "word": "麈教" } ], "word": "教訓" } { "categories": [ "Japanese entries with incorrect language header", "Japanese lemmas", "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks", "Japanese nouns", "Japanese suru verbs", "Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji", "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji", "Japanese terms with 2 kanji", "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent", "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys", "Japanese transitive verbs", "Japanese verbs", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "forms": [ { "form": "教訓", "ruby": [ [ "教", "きょう" ], [ "訓", "くん" ] ], "tags": [ "canonical" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun", "tags": [ "romanization" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "きょうくん" }, "expansion": "教(きょう)訓(くん) • (kyōkun)", "name": "ja-noun" } ], "lang": "Japanese", "lang_code": "ja", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Japanese terms with usage examples" ], "examples": [ { "english": "It taught us a lot.", "roman": "Ōki na kyōkun o eta.", "ruby": [ [ "大", "おお" ], [ "教訓", "きょうくん" ], [ "得", "え" ] ], "text": "大きな教訓を得た。", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "lesson, teaching" ], "links": [ [ "lesson", "lesson" ], [ "teaching", "teaching" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "[kʲo̞ːkɯ̟̃ɴ]" } ], "word": "教訓" } { "categories": [ "Japanese entries with incorrect language header", "Japanese lemmas", "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks", "Japanese nouns", "Japanese suru verbs", "Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji", "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji", "Japanese terms with 2 kanji", "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent", "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys", "Japanese transitive verbs", "Japanese verbs", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "forms": [ { "form": "教訓する", "ruby": [ [ "教", "きょう" ], [ "訓", "くん" ] ], "tags": [ "canonical" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun suru", "tags": [ "romanization" ] }, { "form": "教訓し", "roman": "kyōkun shi", "ruby": [ [ "教", "きょう" ], [ "訓", "くん" ] ], "tags": [ "stem" ] }, { "form": "教訓した", "roman": "kyōkun shita", "ruby": [ [ "教", "きょう" ], [ "訓", "くん" ] ], "tags": [ "past" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "ja-suru", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "教訓し", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんし", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun shi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "教訓する", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんする", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun suru", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "教訓すれ", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんすれ", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun sure", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "教訓せよ", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form", "imperative", "literary" ] }, { "form": "教訓しろ", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "colloquial", "error-unrecognized-form", "imperative" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんせよ", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form", "imperative", "literary" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんしろ", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "colloquial", "error-unrecognized-form", "imperative" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun seyo", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form", "imperative", "literary" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun shiro", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "colloquial", "error-unrecognized-form", "imperative" ] }, { "form": "教訓される", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "passive" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんされる", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "passive" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun sareru", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "passive" ] }, { "form": "教訓させる", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "causative" ] }, { "form": "教訓さす", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "causative" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんさせる", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "causative" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんさす", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "causative" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun saseru", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "causative" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun sasu", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "causative" ] }, { "form": "教訓できる", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "potential" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんできる", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "potential" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun dekiru", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "potential" ] }, { "form": "教訓しよう", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "volitional" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんしよう", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "volitional" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun shiyō", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "volitional" ] }, { "form": "教訓しない", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "negative" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんしない", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "negative" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun shinai", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "negative" ] }, { "form": "教訓せず", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "continuative", "negative" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんせず", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "continuative", "negative" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun sezu", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "continuative", "negative" ] }, { "form": "教訓します", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "formal" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんします", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "formal" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun shimasu", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "formal" ] }, { "form": "教訓した", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "perfective" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんした", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "perfective" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun shita", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "perfective" ] }, { "form": "教訓して", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conjunctive" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんして", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conjunctive" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun shite", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conjunctive" ] }, { "form": "教訓すれば", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "hypothetical" ] }, { "form": "きょうくんすれば", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "hypothetical" ] }, { "form": "kyōkun sureba", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "hypothetical" ] } ], "lang": "Japanese", "lang_code": "ja", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "to teach" ], "links": [ [ "teach", "teach" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "[kʲo̞ːkɯ̟̃ɴ]" } ], "word": "教訓" }
Download raw JSONL data for 教訓 meaning in All languages combined (15.7kB)
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.