"手厳しい" meaning in All languages combined

See 手厳しい on Wiktionary

Adjective [Japanese]

Etymology: 手(て) (te, “hand”) + 厳(きび)しい (kibishī, “strict”) Etymology templates: {{ja-compound|手|て|厳しい|きびしい|t1=hand|t2=strict}} 手(て) (te, “hand”) + 厳(きび)しい (kibishī, “strict”) Head templates: {{ja-adj|てきびしい|infl=i}} 手(て)厳(きび)しい • (tekibishii) -i (adverbial 手(て)厳(きび)しく (tekibishiku)) Inflection templates: {{ja-adj-infl|adverbial=く|attributive=い|conditional=ければ|conjunctive=くて|continuative=く|degree=さ|formal=い です|formal_negative=く ない です|formal_negative_past=く なかった です|formal_past=かった です|hypothetical=けれ|imperative=かれ|imperfective=かろ|informal_negative=く ない|informal_negative_past=く なかった|informal_past=かった|kana=てきびし|lemma=手厳し|provisional=かったら|terminal=い|volitional=かろう}} Forms: 手厳しい [canonical] (ruby: (), (きび)), tekibishii [romanization], 手厳しく [adverbial] (ruby: (), (きび)), no-table-tags [table-tags], 手厳しかろ [imperfective, stem], てきびしかろ [imperfective, stem], tekibishikaro [imperfective], 手厳しく [continuative, stem], てきびしく [continuative, stem], tekibishiku [continuative], 手厳しい [stem, terminative], てきびしい [stem, terminative], tekibishii [terminative], 手厳しい [attributive, stem], てきびしい [attributive, stem], tekibishii [attributive], 手厳しけれ [hypothetical, stem], てきびしけれ [hypothetical, stem], tekibishikere [hypothetical], 手厳しかれ [imperative, stem], てきびしかれ [imperative, stem], tekibishikare [imperative], 手厳しくない [informal, negative], てきびしくない [informal, negative], tekibishiku nai [informal, negative], 手厳しかった [informal, past], てきびしかった [informal, past], tekibishikatta [informal, past], 手厳しくなかった [informal, negative, past], てきびしくなかった [informal, negative, past], tekibishiku nakatta [informal, negative, past], 手厳しいです [formal], てきびしいです [formal], tekibishii desu [formal], 手厳しくないです [formal, negative], てきびしくないです [formal, negative], tekibishiku nai desu [formal, negative], 手厳しかったです [formal, past], てきびしかったです [formal, past], tekibishikatta desu [formal, past], 手厳しくなかったです [formal, negative, past], てきびしくなかったです [formal, negative, past], tekibishiku nakatta desu [formal, negative, past], 手厳しくて [conjunctive], てきびしくて [conjunctive], tekibishikute [conjunctive], 手厳しければ [conditional], てきびしければ [conditional], tekibishikereba [conditional], 手厳しかったら [conditional, past], てきびしかったら [conditional, past], tekibishikattara [conditional, past], 手厳しかろう [volitional], てきびしかろう [volitional], tekibishikarō [volitional], 手厳しく [adverbial], てきびしく [adverbial], tekibishiku [adverbial], 手厳しさ [noun-from-adj], てきびしさ [noun-from-adj], tekibishisa [noun-from-adj]
  1. very strict
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "手",
        "2": "て",
        "3": "厳しい",
        "4": "きびしい",
        "t1": "hand",
        "t2": "strict"
      },
      "expansion": "手(て) (te, “hand”) + 厳(きび)しい (kibishī, “strict”)",
      "name": "ja-compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "手(て) (te, “hand”) + 厳(きび)しい (kibishī, “strict”)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "手厳しい",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "手",
          "て"
        ],
        [
          "厳",
          "きび"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishii",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しく",
      "roman": "tekibishiku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "手",
          "て"
        ],
        [
          "厳",
          "きび"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-i",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しかろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしかろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishikaro",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishiku",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しい",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしい",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishii",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しい",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしい",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishii",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しけれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしけれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishikere",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しかれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしかれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishikare",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しくない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしくない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishiku nai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishikatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しくなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしくなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishiku nakatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しいです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしいです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishii desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しくないです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしくないです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishiku nai desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishikatta desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しくなかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしくなかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishiku nakatta desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しくて",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしくて",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishikute",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しければ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしければ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishikereba",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しかったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしかったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishikattara",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しかろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしかろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishikarō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishiku",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しさ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしさ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishisa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "てきびしい",
        "infl": "i"
      },
      "expansion": "手(て)厳(きび)しい • (tekibishii) -i (adverbial 手(て)厳(きび)しく (tekibishiku))",
      "name": "ja-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "adverbial": "く",
        "attributive": "い",
        "conditional": "ければ",
        "conjunctive": "くて",
        "continuative": "く",
        "degree": "さ",
        "formal": "い です",
        "formal_negative": "く ない です",
        "formal_negative_past": "く なかった です",
        "formal_past": "かった です",
        "hypothetical": "けれ",
        "imperative": "かれ",
        "imperfective": "かろ",
        "informal_negative": "く ない",
        "informal_negative_past": "く なかった",
        "informal_past": "かった",
        "kana": "てきびし",
        "lemma": "手厳し",
        "provisional": "かったら",
        "terminal": "い",
        "volitional": "かろう"
      },
      "name": "ja-adj-infl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "very strict"
      ],
      "id": "en-手厳しい-ja-adj-Z5irVxs-"
    }
  ],
  "word": "手厳しい"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "手",
        "2": "て",
        "3": "厳しい",
        "4": "きびしい",
        "t1": "hand",
        "t2": "strict"
      },
      "expansion": "手(て) (te, “hand”) + 厳(きび)しい (kibishī, “strict”)",
      "name": "ja-compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "手(て) (te, “hand”) + 厳(きび)しい (kibishī, “strict”)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "手厳しい",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "手",
          "て"
        ],
        [
          "厳",
          "きび"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishii",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しく",
      "roman": "tekibishiku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "手",
          "て"
        ],
        [
          "厳",
          "きび"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-i",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しかろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしかろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishikaro",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishiku",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しい",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしい",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishii",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しい",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしい",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishii",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しけれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしけれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishikere",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しかれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしかれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishikare",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しくない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしくない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishiku nai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishikatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しくなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしくなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishiku nakatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しいです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしいです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishii desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しくないです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしくないです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishiku nai desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishikatta desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しくなかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしくなかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishiku nakatta desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しくて",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしくて",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishikute",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しければ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしければ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishikereba",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しかったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしかったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishikattara",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しかろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしかろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishikarō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishiku",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "手厳しさ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "てきびしさ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tekibishisa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "てきびしい",
        "infl": "i"
      },
      "expansion": "手(て)厳(きび)しい • (tekibishii) -i (adverbial 手(て)厳(きび)しく (tekibishiku))",
      "name": "ja-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "adverbial": "く",
        "attributive": "い",
        "conditional": "ければ",
        "conjunctive": "くて",
        "continuative": "く",
        "degree": "さ",
        "formal": "い です",
        "formal_negative": "く ない です",
        "formal_negative_past": "く なかった です",
        "formal_past": "かった です",
        "hypothetical": "けれ",
        "imperative": "かれ",
        "imperfective": "かろ",
        "informal_negative": "く ない",
        "informal_negative_past": "く なかった",
        "informal_past": "かった",
        "kana": "てきびし",
        "lemma": "手厳し",
        "provisional": "かったら",
        "terminal": "い",
        "volitional": "かろう"
      },
      "name": "ja-adj-infl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese adjectives",
        "Japanese compound terms",
        "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Japanese lemmas",
        "Japanese links with manual fragments",
        "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
        "Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
        "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
        "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
        "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
        "Japanese い-i adjectives",
        "Pages with 1 entry"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "very strict"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "手厳しい"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 手厳しい meaning in All languages combined (6.9kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "手厳しい"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "手厳しい",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (af5c55c and 66545a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.