See 德化 on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "德化",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to reform someone's errant ways using morality and virtue"
],
"id": "en-德化-zh-verb-5kUoLh8Z",
"links": [
[
"reform",
"reform"
],
[
"errant",
"errant"
],
[
"morality",
"morality"
],
[
"virtue",
"virtue"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) to reform someone's errant ways using morality and virtue"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "déhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄉㄜˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "dak¹ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "tek-hòa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "déhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄉㄜˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "déhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "tê²-hua⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "dé-hwà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "derhuah"
},
{
"roman": "dɛxua",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "дэхуа"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɤ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "dak¹ faa³"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "dāk fa"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "dak⁷ faa³"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "deg¹ fa³"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɐk̚⁵ faː³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "tek-hòa"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "tik-huà"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "dekhoax"
},
{
"ipa": "/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hua²¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hua¹¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Taipei"
]
}
],
"word": "德化"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "德化",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Counties and county-level cities of Quanzhou",
"orig": "zh:Counties and county-level cities of Quanzhou",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Places in China",
"orig": "zh:Places in China",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Places in Fujian, China",
"orig": "zh:Places in Fujian, China",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Places in Quanzhou",
"orig": "zh:Places in Quanzhou",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "63 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Dehua (a county of Quanzhou, Fujian, China)"
],
"id": "en-德化-zh-name-bVfR0N~W",
"links": [
[
"縣",
"縣#Chinese"
],
[
"Dehua",
"Dehua#English"
],
[
"county",
"county"
],
[
"Quanzhou",
"Quanzhou#English"
],
[
"Fujian",
"Fujian#English"
],
[
"China",
"China#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(～縣) Dehua (a county of Quanzhou, Fujian, China)"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "Déhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄉㄜˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "dak¹ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Foochow-Romanized"
],
"zh_pron": "Dáik-huá"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "Tek-hòe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "Déhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄉㄜˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "Déhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "Tê²-hua⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "Dé-hwà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "Derhuah"
},
{
"roman": "Dɛxua",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "Дэхуа"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɤ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "dak¹ faa³"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "dāk fa"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "dak⁷ faa³"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "deg¹ fa³"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɐk̚⁵ faː³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Fuzhou",
"Foochow-Romanized"
],
"zh_pron": "Dáik-huá"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɛiʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ huɑ²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "Tek-hòe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "Tik-huè"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "dekhoex"
},
{
"ipa": "/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hue²¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"IPA"
]
}
],
"word": "德化"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 化",
"Chinese terms spelled with 德",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min proper nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "德化",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"to reform someone's errant ways using morality and virtue"
],
"links": [
[
"reform",
"reform"
],
[
"errant",
"errant"
],
[
"morality",
"morality"
],
[
"virtue",
"virtue"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) to reform someone's errant ways using morality and virtue"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "déhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄉㄜˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "dak¹ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "tek-hòa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "déhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄉㄜˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "déhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "tê²-hua⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "dé-hwà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "derhuah"
},
{
"roman": "dɛxua",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "дэхуа"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɤ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "dak¹ faa³"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "dāk fa"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "dak⁷ faa³"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "deg¹ fa³"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɐk̚⁵ faː³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "tek-hòa"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "tik-huà"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "dekhoax"
},
{
"ipa": "/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hua²¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hua¹¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Taipei"
]
}
],
"word": "德化"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 化",
"Chinese terms spelled with 德",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min proper nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "德化",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"zh:Counties and county-level cities of Quanzhou",
"zh:Places in China",
"zh:Places in Fujian, China",
"zh:Places in Quanzhou"
],
"glosses": [
"Dehua (a county of Quanzhou, Fujian, China)"
],
"links": [
[
"縣",
"縣#Chinese"
],
[
"Dehua",
"Dehua#English"
],
[
"county",
"county"
],
[
"Quanzhou",
"Quanzhou#English"
],
[
"Fujian",
"Fujian#English"
],
[
"China",
"China#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(～縣) Dehua (a county of Quanzhou, Fujian, China)"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "Déhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄉㄜˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "dak¹ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Foochow-Romanized"
],
"zh_pron": "Dáik-huá"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "Tek-hòe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "Déhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄉㄜˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "Déhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "Tê²-hua⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "Dé-hwà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "Derhuah"
},
{
"roman": "Dɛxua",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "Дэхуа"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɤ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "dak¹ faa³"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "dāk fa"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "dak⁷ faa³"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "deg¹ fa³"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɐk̚⁵ faː³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Fuzhou",
"Foochow-Romanized"
],
"zh_pron": "Dáik-huá"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɛiʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ huɑ²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "Tek-hòe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "Tik-huè"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "dekhoex"
},
{
"ipa": "/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hue²¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"IPA"
]
}
],
"word": "德化"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 德化 meaning in All languages combined (6.0kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ～縣",
"path": [
"德化"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "德化",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ～縣",
"path": [
"德化"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "德化",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (0c45963 and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.