See 嘍囉 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 嘍囉 meaning in All languages combined (13.4kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "小嘍囉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "小喽啰"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ลิ่วล้อ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Thai: ลิ่วล้อ (lîu-lɔ́ɔ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Thai: ลิ่วล้อ (lîu-lɔ́ɔ) (via Teochew)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "the 550s",
"short": "yes"
},
"expansion": "c. the 550s",
"name": "circa2"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Jao, 1993"
},
"expansion": "Jao, 1993",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Li, 1998"
},
"expansion": "Li, 1998",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Xu, 2003"
},
"expansion": "Xu, 2003",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Xu, 2005"
},
"expansion": "Xu, 2005",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "sa",
"3": "ऋ"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit ऋ (ṛ)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ॠ"
},
"expansion": "ॠ (ṝ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ऌ"
},
"expansion": "ऌ (ḷ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ॡ"
},
"expansion": "ॡ (ḹ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Xu (2005)"
},
"expansion": "Xu (2005)",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown.\nAttested since the Northern Qi period (c. the 550s). It is likely that this was initially an ideophonic, reduplicative and onomatopoeic word, imitating the indistinct and incomprehensible speech of barbarians.\nMany recent studies (Jao, 1993; Li, 1998; Xu, 2003; Xu, 2005) have favoured the view that the two syllables in this word represent phonetic approximations of the four syllabic liquid consonants in Sanskrit ऋ (ṛ), ॠ (ṝ), ऌ (ḷ) and ॡ (ḹ), which are sounds in Buddhist chants that are minimally distinctive to the Chinese ear.\nThe word has a wide range of meanings; Xu (2005) has proposed the following semantic development:\n:\n“Unintelligible and abstruse speech”\n> both “noisy and tedious” and “bright and capable”\n> “capable person; heroic man”\n> “villains; outlaws; bandits”.\nThroughout history, many theories have been put forth by imperial Chinese scholars to explain the origin of the term, but most of these are now considered folk etymologies.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "嘍囉",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 19 21 30 2 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese disyllabic morphemes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 24 21 27 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 15 12 33 9 12",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Crime",
"orig": "zh:Crime",
"parents": [
"Criminal law",
"Society",
"Law",
"All topics",
"Justice",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 25 17 39 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "People",
"orig": "zh:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 20 17 27 0 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Talking",
"orig": "zh:Talking",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He has five to six hundred underlings under him; the soldiers have no way of arresting them.",
"ref": "他手下有五六百名嘍囉，官兵不能收捕。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "他手下有五六百名喽啰，官兵不能收捕。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Shi Nai'an, Water Margin, circa 14ᵗʰ century CE\nTā shǒuxià yǒu wǔ liù bǎi míng lóuluó, guānbīng bùnéng shōubǔ. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"follower of villains; minion; underling; subordinate"
],
"id": "en-嘍囉-zh-noun-auyf1l~a",
"links": [
[
"follower",
"follower"
],
[
"villain",
"villain"
],
[
"minion",
"minion"
],
[
"underling",
"underling"
],
[
"subordinate",
"subordinate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"capable person; true man"
],
"id": "en-嘍囉-zh-noun-vtY1AAqz",
"links": [
[
"capable",
"capable"
],
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"true",
"true"
],
[
"man",
"man"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, obsolete) capable person; true man"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"rank and file of a band of outlaws"
],
"id": "en-嘍囉-zh-noun-kFdyKPhy",
"links": [
[
"rank and file",
"rank and file"
],
[
"band",
"band"
],
[
"outlaw",
"outlaw"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, historical) rank and file of a band of outlaws"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lóuluó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄌㄡˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "lau⁴ lo⁴"
},
{
"zh-pron": "liu⁵ lo⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "lóuluó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lóuluó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "lou²-lo²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "lóu-lwó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "louluo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "лоуло"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "loulo"
},
{
"ipa": "/loʊ̯³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "làuh lòh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lau⁴ lo⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "leo⁴ lo⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɐu̯²¹ lɔː²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "liu⁵ lo⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "liû lô"
},
{
"ipa": "/liu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lo⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "luw la"
},
{
"ipa": "/loʊ̯³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɐu̯²¹ lɔː²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lo⁵⁵/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Northern Qi"
],
"word": "嘍囉"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "the 550s",
"short": "yes"
},
"expansion": "c. the 550s",
"name": "circa2"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Jao, 1993"
},
"expansion": "Jao, 1993",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Li, 1998"
},
"expansion": "Li, 1998",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Xu, 2003"
},
"expansion": "Xu, 2003",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Xu, 2005"
},
"expansion": "Xu, 2005",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "sa",
"3": "ऋ"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit ऋ (ṛ)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ॠ"
},
"expansion": "ॠ (ṝ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ऌ"
},
"expansion": "ऌ (ḷ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ॡ"
},
"expansion": "ॡ (ḹ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Xu (2005)"
},
"expansion": "Xu (2005)",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown.\nAttested since the Northern Qi period (c. the 550s). It is likely that this was initially an ideophonic, reduplicative and onomatopoeic word, imitating the indistinct and incomprehensible speech of barbarians.\nMany recent studies (Jao, 1993; Li, 1998; Xu, 2003; Xu, 2005) have favoured the view that the two syllables in this word represent phonetic approximations of the four syllabic liquid consonants in Sanskrit ऋ (ṛ), ॠ (ṝ), ऌ (ḷ) and ॡ (ḹ), which are sounds in Buddhist chants that are minimally distinctive to the Chinese ear.\nThe word has a wide range of meanings; Xu (2005) has proposed the following semantic development:\n:\n“Unintelligible and abstruse speech”\n> both “noisy and tedious” and “bright and capable”\n> “capable person; heroic man”\n> “villains; outlaws; bandits”.\nThroughout history, many theories have been put forth by imperial Chinese scholars to explain the origin of the term, but most of these are now considered folk etymologies.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "嘍囉",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese onomatopoeias",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "22 24 21 27 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 20 17 27 0 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Talking",
"orig": "zh:Talking",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "As for the posture of squatting on their heels [despised in Chinese culture] and talking gibberish, each of these comes out of their customs, which they understand among themselves. It’s like the chirping of insects and twittering of birds. Why would it be worth transmitting or imitating? (alluding to the “barbaric” ideology of Buddhism)",
"ref": "夫蹲夷之儀，婁羅之辯，各出彼俗，自相聆解。猶蟲嚾鳥聒，何足述效。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "夫蹲夷之仪，娄罗之辩，各出彼俗，自相聆解。犹虫嚾鸟聒，何足述效。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: 5ᵗʰ century CE, Gu Huan (顧歡), Treatise on the Barbarians and the Chinese (夷夏論)\nFú dūnyí zhī yí, lóuluó zhī biàn, gè chū bǐ sú, zì xiāng líng jiě. Yóu chónghuān niǎoguō, hézú shù xiào. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"speaking in an indistinct and unintelligible manner; gabbling; jabbering"
],
"id": "en-嘍囉-zh-adj-cn6C3X0q",
"links": [
[
"onomatopoeia",
"onomatopoeia"
],
[
"foreign",
"foreign"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"speak",
"speak"
],
[
"indistinct",
"indistinct"
],
[
"unintelligible",
"unintelligible"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
],
[
"gabbling",
"gabbling"
],
[
"jabbering",
"jabbering"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, obsolete, onomatopoeia, ideophonic, as of foreign peoples) speaking in an indistinct and unintelligible manner; gabbling; jabbering"
],
"raw_tags": [
"as of foreign peoples"
],
"tags": [
"ideophonic",
"literary",
"obsolete",
"onomatopoeic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 24 21 27 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 20 17 27 0 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Talking",
"orig": "zh:Talking",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"noisy; clamorous; disturbing; winding; tedious"
],
"id": "en-嘍囉-zh-adj-K0X-1uRT",
"links": [
[
"noisy",
"noisy"
],
[
"clamorous",
"clamorous"
],
[
"disturb",
"disturb"
],
[
"winding",
"winding"
],
[
"tedious",
"tedious"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, obsolete, ideophonic) noisy; clamorous; disturbing; winding; tedious"
],
"tags": [
"ideophonic",
"literary",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 24 21 27 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 20 17 27 0 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Talking",
"orig": "zh:Talking",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"clever and capable; bright and skilful; astute and experienced; shrewd"
],
"id": "en-嘍囉-zh-adj-dLLpoXRo",
"links": [
[
"clever",
"clever"
],
[
"capable",
"capable"
],
[
"bright",
"bright"
],
[
"skilful",
"skilful"
],
[
"astute",
"astute"
],
[
"experienced",
"experienced"
],
[
"shrewd",
"shrewd"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, obsolete) clever and capable; bright and skilful; astute and experienced; shrewd"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lóuluó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄌㄡˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "lau⁴ lo⁴"
},
{
"zh-pron": "liu⁵ lo⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "lóuluó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lóuluó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "lou²-lo²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "lóu-lwó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "louluo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "лоуло"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "loulo"
},
{
"ipa": "/loʊ̯³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "làuh lòh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lau⁴ lo⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "leo⁴ lo⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɐu̯²¹ lɔː²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "liu⁵ lo⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "liû lô"
},
{
"ipa": "/liu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lo⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "luw la"
},
{
"ipa": "/loʊ̯³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɐu̯²¹ lɔː²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lo⁵⁵/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Northern Qi"
],
"word": "嘍囉"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese disyllabic morphemes",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms borrowed from Sanskrit",
"Chinese terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese terms with unknown etymologies",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"zh:Crime",
"zh:People",
"zh:Talking"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "小嘍囉"
},
{
"word": "小喽啰"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ลิ่วล้อ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Thai: ลิ่วล้อ (lîu-lɔ́ɔ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Thai: ลิ่วล้อ (lîu-lɔ́ɔ) (via Teochew)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "the 550s",
"short": "yes"
},
"expansion": "c. the 550s",
"name": "circa2"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Jao, 1993"
},
"expansion": "Jao, 1993",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Li, 1998"
},
"expansion": "Li, 1998",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Xu, 2003"
},
"expansion": "Xu, 2003",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Xu, 2005"
},
"expansion": "Xu, 2005",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "sa",
"3": "ऋ"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit ऋ (ṛ)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ॠ"
},
"expansion": "ॠ (ṝ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ऌ"
},
"expansion": "ऌ (ḷ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ॡ"
},
"expansion": "ॡ (ḹ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Xu (2005)"
},
"expansion": "Xu (2005)",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown.\nAttested since the Northern Qi period (c. the 550s). It is likely that this was initially an ideophonic, reduplicative and onomatopoeic word, imitating the indistinct and incomprehensible speech of barbarians.\nMany recent studies (Jao, 1993; Li, 1998; Xu, 2003; Xu, 2005) have favoured the view that the two syllables in this word represent phonetic approximations of the four syllabic liquid consonants in Sanskrit ऋ (ṛ), ॠ (ṝ), ऌ (ḷ) and ॡ (ḹ), which are sounds in Buddhist chants that are minimally distinctive to the Chinese ear.\nThe word has a wide range of meanings; Xu (2005) has proposed the following semantic development:\n:\n“Unintelligible and abstruse speech”\n> both “noisy and tedious” and “bright and capable”\n> “capable person; heroic man”\n> “villains; outlaws; bandits”.\nThroughout history, many theories have been put forth by imperial Chinese scholars to explain the origin of the term, but most of these are now considered folk etymologies.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "嘍囉",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He has five to six hundred underlings under him; the soldiers have no way of arresting them.",
"ref": "他手下有五六百名嘍囉，官兵不能收捕。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "他手下有五六百名喽啰，官兵不能收捕。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Shi Nai'an, Water Margin, circa 14ᵗʰ century CE\nTā shǒuxià yǒu wǔ liù bǎi míng lóuluó, guānbīng bùnéng shōubǔ. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"follower of villains; minion; underling; subordinate"
],
"links": [
[
"follower",
"follower"
],
[
"villain",
"villain"
],
[
"minion",
"minion"
],
[
"underling",
"underling"
],
[
"subordinate",
"subordinate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms",
"Chinese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"capable person; true man"
],
"links": [
[
"capable",
"capable"
],
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"true",
"true"
],
[
"man",
"man"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, obsolete) capable person; true man"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms",
"Chinese terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"rank and file of a band of outlaws"
],
"links": [
[
"rank and file",
"rank and file"
],
[
"band",
"band"
],
[
"outlaw",
"outlaw"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, historical) rank and file of a band of outlaws"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lóuluó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄌㄡˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "lau⁴ lo⁴"
},
{
"zh-pron": "liu⁵ lo⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "lóuluó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lóuluó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "lou²-lo²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "lóu-lwó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "louluo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "лоуло"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "loulo"
},
{
"ipa": "/loʊ̯³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "làuh lòh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lau⁴ lo⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "leo⁴ lo⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɐu̯²¹ lɔː²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "liu⁵ lo⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "liû lô"
},
{
"ipa": "/liu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lo⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "luw la"
},
{
"ipa": "/loʊ̯³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɐu̯²¹ lɔː²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lo⁵⁵/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Northern Qi"
],
"word": "嘍囉"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese disyllabic morphemes",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms borrowed from Sanskrit",
"Chinese terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese terms with unknown etymologies",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"zh:Crime",
"zh:People",
"zh:Talking"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "the 550s",
"short": "yes"
},
"expansion": "c. the 550s",
"name": "circa2"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Jao, 1993"
},
"expansion": "Jao, 1993",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Li, 1998"
},
"expansion": "Li, 1998",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Xu, 2003"
},
"expansion": "Xu, 2003",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Xu, 2005"
},
"expansion": "Xu, 2005",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "sa",
"3": "ऋ"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit ऋ (ṛ)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ॠ"
},
"expansion": "ॠ (ṝ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ऌ"
},
"expansion": "ऌ (ḷ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ॡ"
},
"expansion": "ॡ (ḹ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Xu (2005)"
},
"expansion": "Xu (2005)",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown.\nAttested since the Northern Qi period (c. the 550s). It is likely that this was initially an ideophonic, reduplicative and onomatopoeic word, imitating the indistinct and incomprehensible speech of barbarians.\nMany recent studies (Jao, 1993; Li, 1998; Xu, 2003; Xu, 2005) have favoured the view that the two syllables in this word represent phonetic approximations of the four syllabic liquid consonants in Sanskrit ऋ (ṛ), ॠ (ṝ), ऌ (ḷ) and ॡ (ḹ), which are sounds in Buddhist chants that are minimally distinctive to the Chinese ear.\nThe word has a wide range of meanings; Xu (2005) has proposed the following semantic development:\n:\n“Unintelligible and abstruse speech”\n> both “noisy and tedious” and “bright and capable”\n> “capable person; heroic man”\n> “villains; outlaws; bandits”.\nThroughout history, many theories have been put forth by imperial Chinese scholars to explain the origin of the term, but most of these are now considered folk etymologies.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "嘍囉",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Chinese literary terms",
"Chinese onomatopoeias",
"Chinese terms with obsolete senses",
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "As for the posture of squatting on their heels [despised in Chinese culture] and talking gibberish, each of these comes out of their customs, which they understand among themselves. It’s like the chirping of insects and twittering of birds. Why would it be worth transmitting or imitating? (alluding to the “barbaric” ideology of Buddhism)",
"ref": "夫蹲夷之儀，婁羅之辯，各出彼俗，自相聆解。猶蟲嚾鳥聒，何足述效。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "夫蹲夷之仪，娄罗之辩，各出彼俗，自相聆解。犹虫嚾鸟聒，何足述效。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: 5ᵗʰ century CE, Gu Huan (顧歡), Treatise on the Barbarians and the Chinese (夷夏論)\nFú dūnyí zhī yí, lóuluó zhī biàn, gè chū bǐ sú, zì xiāng líng jiě. Yóu chónghuān niǎoguō, hézú shù xiào. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"speaking in an indistinct and unintelligible manner; gabbling; jabbering"
],
"links": [
[
"onomatopoeia",
"onomatopoeia"
],
[
"foreign",
"foreign"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"speak",
"speak"
],
[
"indistinct",
"indistinct"
],
[
"unintelligible",
"unintelligible"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
],
[
"gabbling",
"gabbling"
],
[
"jabbering",
"jabbering"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, obsolete, onomatopoeia, ideophonic, as of foreign peoples) speaking in an indistinct and unintelligible manner; gabbling; jabbering"
],
"raw_tags": [
"as of foreign peoples"
],
"tags": [
"ideophonic",
"literary",
"obsolete",
"onomatopoeic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms",
"Chinese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"noisy; clamorous; disturbing; winding; tedious"
],
"links": [
[
"noisy",
"noisy"
],
[
"clamorous",
"clamorous"
],
[
"disturb",
"disturb"
],
[
"winding",
"winding"
],
[
"tedious",
"tedious"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, obsolete, ideophonic) noisy; clamorous; disturbing; winding; tedious"
],
"tags": [
"ideophonic",
"literary",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms",
"Chinese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"clever and capable; bright and skilful; astute and experienced; shrewd"
],
"links": [
[
"clever",
"clever"
],
[
"capable",
"capable"
],
[
"bright",
"bright"
],
[
"skilful",
"skilful"
],
[
"astute",
"astute"
],
[
"experienced",
"experienced"
],
[
"shrewd",
"shrewd"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, obsolete) clever and capable; bright and skilful; astute and experienced; shrewd"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lóuluó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄌㄡˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "lau⁴ lo⁴"
},
{
"zh-pron": "liu⁵ lo⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "lóuluó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lóuluó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "lou²-lo²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "lóu-lwó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "louluo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "лоуло"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "loulo"
},
{
"ipa": "/loʊ̯³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "làuh lòh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lau⁴ lo⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "leo⁴ lo⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɐu̯²¹ lɔː²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "liu⁵ lo⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "liû lô"
},
{
"ipa": "/liu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lo⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "luw la"
},
{
"ipa": "/loʊ̯³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɐu̯²¹ lɔː²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lo⁵⁵/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Northern Qi"
],
"word": "嘍囉"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.