See 力む on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "力",
"3": "む",
"pos2": "verb forming suffix",
"t1": "power, strength",
"tr1": "riki",
"tr2": "-mu"
},
"expansion": "力 (riki, “power, strength”) + む (-mu, verb forming suffix)",
"name": "com"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 力 (riki, “power, strength”) + む (-mu, verb forming suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "力む",
"ruby": [
[
"力",
"りき"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "rikimu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "力み",
"roman": "rikimi",
"ruby": [
[
"力",
"りき"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "力んだ",
"roman": "rikinda",
"ruby": [
[
"力",
"りき"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-go-mu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "力ま",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "りきま",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "rikima",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "力み",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "りきみ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "rikimi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "力む",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "りきむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "rikimu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "力め",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "りきめ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "rikime",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "力まれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "りきまれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "rikimareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "力ませる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "力ます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "りきませる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "りきます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "rikimaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "rikimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "力める",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "りきめる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "rikimeru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "力もう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "りきもう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "rikimō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "力まない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "りきまない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "rikimanai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "力まず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "りきまず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "rikimazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "力みます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "りきみます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "rikimimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "力んだ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "りきんだ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "rikinda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "力んで",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "りきんで",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "rikinde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "力めば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "りきめば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "rikimeba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "りきむ",
"tr": "trans",
"type": "1"
},
"expansion": "力(りき)む • (rikimu) transitive godan (stem 力(りき)み (rikimi), past 力(りき)んだ (rikinda))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "63 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "85 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"strain oneself, make strenuous efforts"
],
"id": "en-力む-ja-verb-nrgLlzhe",
"links": [
[
"strain",
"strain"
],
[
"strenuous",
"strenuous"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -mu",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"put up a strong front, make a strong showing"
],
"id": "en-力む-ja-verb-PUgG0RCc"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "りきむ"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɾʲikʲimɯ̟]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen#Online_search_engines",
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten"
],
"word": "力む"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese godan verbs",
"Japanese godan verbs ending with -mu",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "力",
"3": "む",
"pos2": "verb forming suffix",
"t1": "power, strength",
"tr1": "riki",
"tr2": "-mu"
},
"expansion": "力 (riki, “power, strength”) + む (-mu, verb forming suffix)",
"name": "com"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 力 (riki, “power, strength”) + む (-mu, verb forming suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "力む",
"ruby": [
[
"力",
"りき"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "rikimu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "力み",
"roman": "rikimi",
"ruby": [
[
"力",
"りき"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "力んだ",
"roman": "rikinda",
"ruby": [
[
"力",
"りき"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-go-mu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "力ま",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "りきま",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "rikima",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "力み",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "りきみ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "rikimi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "力む",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "りきむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "rikimu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "力め",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "りきめ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "rikime",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "力まれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "りきまれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "rikimareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "力ませる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "力ます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "りきませる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "りきます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "rikimaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "rikimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "力める",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "りきめる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "rikimeru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "力もう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "りきもう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "rikimō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "力まない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "りきまない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "rikimanai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "力まず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "りきまず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "rikimazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "力みます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "りきみます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "rikimimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "力んだ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "りきんだ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "rikinda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "力んで",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "りきんで",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "rikinde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "力めば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "りきめば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "rikimeba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "りきむ",
"tr": "trans",
"type": "1"
},
"expansion": "力(りき)む • (rikimu) transitive godan (stem 力(りき)み (rikimi), past 力(りき)んだ (rikinda))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"strain oneself, make strenuous efforts"
],
"links": [
[
"strain",
"strain"
],
[
"strenuous",
"strenuous"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"put up a strong front, make a strong showing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "りきむ"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɾʲikʲimɯ̟]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen#Online_search_engines",
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten"
],
"word": "力む"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 力む meaning in All languages combined (5.4kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"力む"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "力む",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"力む"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "力む",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"力む"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "力む",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"力む"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "力む",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"力む"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "力む",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"力む"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "力む",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"力む"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "力む",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-20 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.