See のべる on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "のぶ"
},
"expansion": "のぶ (nobu)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Classical Japanese lower bigrade verb (バ行下二段活用) のぶ (nobu).\nDevelopment\nNatural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "noberu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "のべ",
"roman": "nobe",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "のべた",
"roman": "nobeta",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-ichi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "のべ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "nobe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "のべる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "noberu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "のべれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "nobere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "のべよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "のべろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "nobeyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "nobero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "のべられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "noberareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "のべさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "のべさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "nobesaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "nobesasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "のべられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "のべれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "noberareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "nobereru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "のべよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "nobeyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "のべない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "のべぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "のべん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "nobenai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "nobenu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "noben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "のべず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "nobezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "のべます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "nobemasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "のべた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "nobeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "のべて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "nobete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "のべれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "nobereba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tr": "trans",
"type": "2"
},
"expansion": "のべる • (noberu) transitive ichidan (stem のべ (nobe), past のべた (nobeta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 7 16 6 8 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 14 16 11 11 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 11 16 8 9 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 10 16 8 9 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 11 16 7 9 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 6 18 7 8 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 4 17 4 4 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"述べる, 宣べる, 陳べる, 演べる, 叙べる: to remark, to state, to express",
"宣べる, 演べる: to spread the word"
],
"id": "en-のべる-ja-verb-5T6m4fDG",
"links": [
[
"述べる",
"述べる#Japanese"
],
[
"宣べる",
"宣べる#Japanese"
],
[
"陳べる",
"陳べる#Japanese"
],
[
"演べる",
"演べる#Japanese"
],
[
"叙べる",
"叙べる#Japanese"
],
[
"remark",
"remark"
],
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"express",
"express"
],
[
"spread the word",
"spread the word"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"述べる, 宣べる, 陳べる, 演べる, 叙べる: to remark, to state, to express",
"演べる, 叙べる: to explain"
],
"id": "en-のべる-ja-verb-O9HcRfOY",
"links": [
[
"述べる",
"述べる#Japanese"
],
[
"宣べる",
"宣べる#Japanese"
],
[
"陳べる",
"陳べる#Japanese"
],
[
"演べる",
"演べる#Japanese"
],
[
"叙べる",
"叙べる#Japanese"
],
[
"remark",
"remark"
],
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"express",
"express"
],
[
"explain",
"explain"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"述べる, 宣べる, 陳べる, 演べる, 叙べる: to remark, to state, to express",
"抒べる, 舒べる: to express or confess one's innermost thoughts"
],
"id": "en-のべる-ja-verb-ia8zysUq",
"links": [
[
"述べる",
"述べる#Japanese"
],
[
"宣べる",
"宣べる#Japanese"
],
[
"陳べる",
"陳べる#Japanese"
],
[
"演べる",
"演べる#Japanese"
],
[
"叙べる",
"叙べる#Japanese"
],
[
"remark",
"remark"
],
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"express",
"express"
],
[
"抒べる",
"抒べる#Japanese"
],
[
"舒べる",
"舒べる#Japanese"
],
[
"confess",
"confess"
],
[
"innermost",
"innermost"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"延べる, 伸べる, 展べる, 舒べる: to lengthen, to stretch, to spread out, to extend, to hold forth",
"延べる, 伸べる, 展べる: to unfold, to deploy, to lay out"
],
"id": "en-のべる-ja-verb-pwdbfw-p",
"links": [
[
"延べる",
"延べる#Japanese"
],
[
"伸べる",
"伸べる#Japanese"
],
[
"展べる",
"展べる#Japanese"
],
[
"舒べる",
"舒べる#Japanese"
],
[
"lengthen",
"lengthen"
],
[
"stretch",
"stretch"
],
[
"spread out",
"spread out"
],
[
"extend",
"extend"
],
[
"hold forth",
"hold forth"
],
[
"unfold",
"unfold"
],
[
"deploy",
"deploy"
],
[
"lay out",
"lay out"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"延べる, 伸べる, 展べる, 舒べる: to lengthen, to stretch, to spread out, to extend, to hold forth",
"延べる, 伸べる: to postpone, to put off, to delay"
],
"id": "en-のべる-ja-verb-vqMfAAYG",
"links": [
[
"延べる",
"延べる#Japanese"
],
[
"伸べる",
"伸べる#Japanese"
],
[
"展べる",
"展べる#Japanese"
],
[
"舒べる",
"舒べる#Japanese"
],
[
"lengthen",
"lengthen"
],
[
"stretch",
"stretch"
],
[
"spread out",
"spread out"
],
[
"extend",
"extend"
],
[
"hold forth",
"hold forth"
],
[
"postpone",
"postpone"
],
[
"put off",
"put off"
],
[
"delay",
"delay"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"延べる, 伸べる, 展べる, 舒べる: to lengthen, to stretch, to spread out, to extend, to hold forth",
"延べる: to dilute by adding fluids"
],
"id": "en-のべる-ja-verb-d4FLAOrE",
"links": [
[
"延べる",
"延べる#Japanese"
],
[
"伸べる",
"伸べる#Japanese"
],
[
"展べる",
"展べる#Japanese"
],
[
"舒べる",
"舒べる#Japanese"
],
[
"lengthen",
"lengthen"
],
[
"stretch",
"stretch"
],
[
"spread out",
"spread out"
],
[
"extend",
"extend"
],
[
"hold forth",
"hold forth"
],
[
"dilute",
"dilute"
],
[
"fluids",
"fluids"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "のべる"
},
{
"ipa": "[no̞be̞ɾɯ̟]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Classical Japanese"
],
"word": "のべる"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"ノベル"
],
"senses": [
{
"id": "en-のべる-ja-soft-redirect-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "のべる"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese ichidan verbs",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese shimo ichidan verbs",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "のぶ"
},
"expansion": "のぶ (nobu)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Classical Japanese lower bigrade verb (バ行下二段活用) のぶ (nobu).\nDevelopment\nNatural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "noberu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "のべ",
"roman": "nobe",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "のべた",
"roman": "nobeta",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-ichi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "のべ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "nobe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "のべる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "noberu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "のべれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "nobere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "のべよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "のべろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "nobeyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "nobero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "のべられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "noberareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "のべさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "のべさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "nobesaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "nobesasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "のべられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "のべれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "noberareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "nobereru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "のべよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "nobeyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "のべない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "のべぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "のべん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "nobenai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "nobenu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "noben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "のべず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "nobezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "のべます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "nobemasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "のべた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "nobeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "のべて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "nobete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "のべれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "nobereba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tr": "trans",
"type": "2"
},
"expansion": "のべる • (noberu) transitive ichidan (stem のべ (nobe), past のべた (nobeta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"述べる, 宣べる, 陳べる, 演べる, 叙べる: to remark, to state, to express",
"宣べる, 演べる: to spread the word"
],
"links": [
[
"述べる",
"述べる#Japanese"
],
[
"宣べる",
"宣べる#Japanese"
],
[
"陳べる",
"陳べる#Japanese"
],
[
"演べる",
"演べる#Japanese"
],
[
"叙べる",
"叙べる#Japanese"
],
[
"remark",
"remark"
],
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"express",
"express"
],
[
"spread the word",
"spread the word"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"述べる, 宣べる, 陳べる, 演べる, 叙べる: to remark, to state, to express",
"演べる, 叙べる: to explain"
],
"links": [
[
"述べる",
"述べる#Japanese"
],
[
"宣べる",
"宣べる#Japanese"
],
[
"陳べる",
"陳べる#Japanese"
],
[
"演べる",
"演べる#Japanese"
],
[
"叙べる",
"叙べる#Japanese"
],
[
"remark",
"remark"
],
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"express",
"express"
],
[
"explain",
"explain"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"述べる, 宣べる, 陳べる, 演べる, 叙べる: to remark, to state, to express",
"抒べる, 舒べる: to express or confess one's innermost thoughts"
],
"links": [
[
"述べる",
"述べる#Japanese"
],
[
"宣べる",
"宣べる#Japanese"
],
[
"陳べる",
"陳べる#Japanese"
],
[
"演べる",
"演べる#Japanese"
],
[
"叙べる",
"叙べる#Japanese"
],
[
"remark",
"remark"
],
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"express",
"express"
],
[
"抒べる",
"抒べる#Japanese"
],
[
"舒べる",
"舒べる#Japanese"
],
[
"confess",
"confess"
],
[
"innermost",
"innermost"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"延べる, 伸べる, 展べる, 舒べる: to lengthen, to stretch, to spread out, to extend, to hold forth",
"延べる, 伸べる, 展べる: to unfold, to deploy, to lay out"
],
"links": [
[
"延べる",
"延べる#Japanese"
],
[
"伸べる",
"伸べる#Japanese"
],
[
"展べる",
"展べる#Japanese"
],
[
"舒べる",
"舒べる#Japanese"
],
[
"lengthen",
"lengthen"
],
[
"stretch",
"stretch"
],
[
"spread out",
"spread out"
],
[
"extend",
"extend"
],
[
"hold forth",
"hold forth"
],
[
"unfold",
"unfold"
],
[
"deploy",
"deploy"
],
[
"lay out",
"lay out"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"延べる, 伸べる, 展べる, 舒べる: to lengthen, to stretch, to spread out, to extend, to hold forth",
"延べる, 伸べる: to postpone, to put off, to delay"
],
"links": [
[
"延べる",
"延べる#Japanese"
],
[
"伸べる",
"伸べる#Japanese"
],
[
"展べる",
"展べる#Japanese"
],
[
"舒べる",
"舒べる#Japanese"
],
[
"lengthen",
"lengthen"
],
[
"stretch",
"stretch"
],
[
"spread out",
"spread out"
],
[
"extend",
"extend"
],
[
"hold forth",
"hold forth"
],
[
"postpone",
"postpone"
],
[
"put off",
"put off"
],
[
"delay",
"delay"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"延べる, 伸べる, 展べる, 舒べる: to lengthen, to stretch, to spread out, to extend, to hold forth",
"延べる: to dilute by adding fluids"
],
"links": [
[
"延べる",
"延べる#Japanese"
],
[
"伸べる",
"伸べる#Japanese"
],
[
"展べる",
"展べる#Japanese"
],
[
"舒べる",
"舒べる#Japanese"
],
[
"lengthen",
"lengthen"
],
[
"stretch",
"stretch"
],
[
"spread out",
"spread out"
],
[
"extend",
"extend"
],
[
"hold forth",
"hold forth"
],
[
"dilute",
"dilute"
],
[
"fluids",
"fluids"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "のべる"
},
{
"ipa": "[no̞be̞ɾɯ̟]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Classical Japanese"
],
"word": "のべる"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"ノベル"
],
"senses": [
{
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "のべる"
}
Download raw JSONL data for のべる meaning in All languages combined (7.7kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"のべる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "のべる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"のべる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "のべる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"のべる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "のべる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"のべる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "のべる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"のべる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "のべる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"のべる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "のべる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"のべる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "のべる",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.