"ἐπίσκυρος" meaning in All languages combined

See ἐπίσκυρος on Wiktionary

Noun [Ancient Greek]

IPA: /e.pís.kyː.ros/, /eˈpis.cy.ros/, /eˈpis.ci.ros/, /e.pís.kyː.ros/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /eˈpis.ky.ros/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /eˈpis.cy.ros/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /eˈpis.cy.ros/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /eˈpis.ci.ros/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan)
Etymology: Unknown. Possibly related to σκύρος (skúros, “chippings of stone”). Another name for the game was apparently ἐπίκοινος (epíkoinos), from ἐπι- (epi-, “on”) + κοινός (koinós, “common”). The game, or a similar game known as φαινίνδα (phainínda), was later adopted by the Romans, who renamed and transformed it into harpastum, the latinisation of the Ancient Greek ἁρπαστόν (harpastón) (neuter of ἁρπαστός (harpastós)), meaning "snatched away", from the verb ἁρπάζω (harpázō, “seize, filch, take”). Etymology templates: {{unknown|grc}} Unknown, {{m|grc|σκύρος|t=chippings of stone}} σκύρος (skúros, “chippings of stone”), {{m|grc|ἐπίκοινος}} ἐπίκοινος (epíkoinos), {{af|grc|ἐπι-|κοινός|t1=on|t2=common}} ἐπι- (epi-, “on”) + κοινός (koinós, “common”), {{m|grc|φαινίνδα}} φαινίνδα (phainínda), {{m|la|harpastum}} harpastum, {{m|grc|ἁρπαστόν}} ἁρπαστόν (harpastón), {{m|grc|ἁρπαστός}} ἁρπαστός (harpastós), {{m|grc|ἁρπάζω|t=seize, filch, take}} ἁρπάζω (harpázō, “seize, filch, take”) Head templates: {{grc-noun|ἐπῐ́σκῡρος|ἐπῐ́σκῡρου|m|second}} ἐπῐ́σκῡρος • (epískūros) m (genitive ἐπῐ́σκῡρου); second declension Inflection templates: {{grc-decl|ἐπῐ́σκῡρος|ἐπῐ́σκῡρου|dial=att}}, {{grc-decl|ἐπῐ́σκῡρος|ἐπῐ́σκῡρου|dial=epi}}, {{grc-decl|ἐπῐ́σκῡρος|ἐπῐ́σκῡρου|dial=ion}} Forms: ἐπῐ́σκῡρος [canonical], epískūros [romanization], ἐπῐ́σκῡρου [genitive], Attic declension-2 [table-tags], ὁ ἐπῐ́σκῡρος [nominative, singular], τὼ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω [dual, nominative], οἱ ἐπῐ́σκῡροι [nominative, plural], τοῦ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρου [genitive, singular], τοῖν ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιν [dual, genitive], τῶν ἐπῐσκῡ́ρων [genitive, plural], τῷ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρῳ [dative, singular], τοῖν ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιν [dative, dual], τοῖς ἐπῐσκῡ́ροις [dative, plural], τὸν ἐπῐ́σκῡρον [accusative, singular], τὼ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω [accusative, dual], τοὺς ἐπῐσκῡ́ρους [accusative, plural], ἐπῐ́σκῡρε [singular, vocative], ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω [dual, vocative], ἐπῐ́σκῡροι [plural, vocative], Epic declension-2 [table-tags], ἐπῐ́σκῡρος [nominative, singular], ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω [dual, nominative], ἐπῐ́σκῡροι [nominative, plural], ἐπῐσκῡ́ρου [genitive, singular], ἐπῐσκῡροῖο [genitive, singular], ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιο [genitive, singular], ἐπῐσκῡρόο [genitive, singular], ἐπῐσκῡ́ροο [genitive, singular], ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιῐν [dual, genitive], ἐπῐσκῡ́ρων [genitive, plural], ἐπῐσκῡ́ρῳ [dative, singular], ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιῐν [dative, dual], ἐπῐσκῡ́ροισῐ [dative, plural], ἐπῐσκῡ́ροισῐν [dative, plural], ἐπῐσκῡ́ροις [dative, plural], episkū́roisi [dative, plural], episkū́roisin [dative, plural], episkū́rois [dative, plural], ἐπῐ́σκῡρον [accusative, singular], ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω [accusative, dual], ἐπῐσκῡ́ρους [accusative, plural], ἐπῐ́σκῡρε [singular, vocative], ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω [dual, vocative], ἐπῐ́σκῡροι [plural, vocative], declension-2 [table-tags], ὁ ἐπῐ́σκῡρος [nominative, singular], τὼ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω [dual, nominative], οἱ ἐπῐ́σκῡροι [nominative, plural], τοῦ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρου [genitive, singular], τοῖν ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιν [dual, genitive], τῶν ἐπῐσκῡ́ρων [genitive, plural], τῷ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρῳ [dative, singular], τοῖν ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιν [dative, dual], τοῖσῐ [dative, plural], τοῖσῐν ἐπῐσκῡ́ροισῐ [dative, plural], ἐπῐσκῡ́ροισῐν [dative, plural], ἐπῐσκῡ́ροις [dative, plural], toîsi episkū́roisi [dative, plural], toîsi episkū́roisin [dative, plural], toîsini [dative, plural], toîsinin [dative, plural], episkū́rois [dative, plural], τὸν ἐπῐ́σκῡρον [accusative, singular], τὼ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω [accusative, dual], τοὺς ἐπῐσκῡ́ρους [accusative, plural], ἐπῐ́σκῡρε [singular, vocative], ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω [dual, vocative], ἐπῐ́σκῡροι [plural, vocative]
  1. episkyros (an Ancient Greek ball game in which players on two teams attempted to throw the ball over the heads of the other team) Categories (topical): Games, Sports Synonyms: ἐπίκοινος

Download JSON data for ἐπίσκυρος meaning in All languages combined (12.7kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "σκύρος",
        "t": "chippings of stone"
      },
      "expansion": "σκύρος (skúros, “chippings of stone”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἐπίκοινος"
      },
      "expansion": "ἐπίκοινος (epíkoinos)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἐπι-",
        "3": "κοινός",
        "t1": "on",
        "t2": "common"
      },
      "expansion": "ἐπι- (epi-, “on”) + κοινός (koinós, “common”)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "φαινίνδα"
      },
      "expansion": "φαινίνδα (phainínda)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "harpastum"
      },
      "expansion": "harpastum",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἁρπαστόν"
      },
      "expansion": "ἁρπαστόν (harpastón)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἁρπαστός"
      },
      "expansion": "ἁρπαστός (harpastós)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἁρπάζω",
        "t": "seize, filch, take"
      },
      "expansion": "ἁρπάζω (harpázō, “seize, filch, take”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unknown. Possibly related to σκύρος (skúros, “chippings of stone”). Another name for the game was apparently ἐπίκοινος (epíkoinos), from ἐπι- (epi-, “on”) + κοινός (koinós, “common”). The game, or a similar game known as φαινίνδα (phainínda), was later adopted by the Romans, who renamed and transformed it into harpastum, the latinisation of the Ancient Greek ἁρπαστόν (harpastón) (neuter of ἁρπαστός (harpastós)), meaning \"snatched away\", from the verb ἁρπάζω (harpázō, “seize, filch, take”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρος",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "epískūros",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρου",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ὁ ἐπῐ́σκῡρος",
      "roman": "ho epískūros",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω",
      "roman": "tṑ episkū́rō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "οἱ ἐπῐ́σκῡροι",
      "roman": "hoi epískūroi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρου",
      "roman": "toû episkū́rou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιν",
      "roman": "toîn episkū́roin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν ἐπῐσκῡ́ρων",
      "roman": "tôn episkū́rōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρῳ",
      "roman": "tôi episkū́rōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιν",
      "roman": "toîn episkū́roin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς ἐπῐσκῡ́ροις",
      "roman": "toîs episkū́rois",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸν ἐπῐ́σκῡρον",
      "roman": "tòn epískūron",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω",
      "roman": "tṑ episkū́rō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοὺς ἐπῐσκῡ́ρους",
      "roman": "toùs episkū́rous",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρε",
      "roman": "epískūre",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω",
      "roman": "episkū́rō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐ́σκῡροι",
      "roman": "epískūroi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Epic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρος",
      "roman": "epískūros",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω",
      "roman": "episkū́rō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐ́σκῡροι",
      "roman": "epískūroi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ρου",
      "roman": "episkū́rou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡροῖο",
      "roman": "episkūroîo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιο",
      "roman": "episkū́roio",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡρόο",
      "roman": "episkūróo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ροο",
      "roman": "episkū́roo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιῐν",
      "roman": "episkū́roiin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ρων",
      "roman": "episkū́rōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ρῳ",
      "roman": "episkū́rōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιῐν",
      "roman": "episkū́roiin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ροισῐ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ροισῐν",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ροις",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "episkū́roisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "episkū́roisin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "episkū́rois",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρον",
      "roman": "epískūron",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω",
      "roman": "episkū́rō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ρους",
      "roman": "episkū́rous",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρε",
      "roman": "epískūre",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω",
      "roman": "episkū́rō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐ́σκῡροι",
      "roman": "epískūroi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ὁ ἐπῐ́σκῡρος",
      "roman": "ho epískūros",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω",
      "roman": "tṑ episkū́rō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "οἱ ἐπῐ́σκῡροι",
      "roman": "hoi epískūroi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρου",
      "roman": "toû episkū́rou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιν",
      "roman": "toîn episkū́roin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν ἐπῐσκῡ́ρων",
      "roman": "tôn episkū́rōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρῳ",
      "roman": "tôi episkū́rōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιν",
      "roman": "toîn episkū́roin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖσῐ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖσῐν ἐπῐσκῡ́ροισῐ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ροισῐν",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ροις",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîsi episkū́roisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîsi episkū́roisin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîsini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîsinin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "episkū́rois",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸν ἐπῐ́σκῡρον",
      "roman": "tòn epískūron",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω",
      "roman": "tṑ episkū́rō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοὺς ἐπῐσκῡ́ρους",
      "roman": "toùs episkū́rous",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρε",
      "roman": "epískūre",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω",
      "roman": "episkū́rō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐ́σκῡροι",
      "roman": "epískūroi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρος",
        "2": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρου",
        "3": "m",
        "4": "second"
      },
      "expansion": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρος • (epískūros) m (genitive ἐπῐ́σκῡρου); second declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρος",
        "2": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρου",
        "dial": "att"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρος",
        "2": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρου",
        "dial": "epi"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρος",
        "2": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρου",
        "dial": "ion"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms prefixed with ἐπι-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Games",
          "orig": "grc:Games",
          "parents": [
            "Recreation",
            "Human activity",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Sports",
          "orig": "grc:Sports",
          "parents": [
            "Human activity",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "episkyros (an Ancient Greek ball game in which players on two teams attempted to throw the ball over the heads of the other team)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ἐπίσκυρος-grc-noun-PmoCaQQT",
      "links": [
        [
          "episkyros",
          "episkyros#English"
        ],
        [
          "Ancient Greek",
          "Ancient Greek#English"
        ],
        [
          "ball game",
          "ball game#English"
        ],
        [
          "player",
          "player#English"
        ],
        [
          "two",
          "two#English"
        ],
        [
          "teams",
          "teams#English"
        ],
        [
          "attempt",
          "attempt#English"
        ],
        [
          "throw",
          "throw#English"
        ],
        [
          "ball",
          "ball#English"
        ],
        [
          "over",
          "over#English"
        ],
        [
          "head",
          "head#English"
        ],
        [
          "other",
          "other#English"
        ],
        [
          "team",
          "team#English"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ἐπίκοινος"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/e.pís.kyː.ros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/eˈpis.cy.ros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/eˈpis.ci.ros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/e.pís.kyː.ros/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/eˈpis.ky.ros/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/eˈpis.cy.ros/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/eˈpis.cy.ros/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/eˈpis.ci.ros/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ἐπίσκυρος"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "σκύρος",
        "t": "chippings of stone"
      },
      "expansion": "σκύρος (skúros, “chippings of stone”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἐπίκοινος"
      },
      "expansion": "ἐπίκοινος (epíkoinos)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἐπι-",
        "3": "κοινός",
        "t1": "on",
        "t2": "common"
      },
      "expansion": "ἐπι- (epi-, “on”) + κοινός (koinós, “common”)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "φαινίνδα"
      },
      "expansion": "φαινίνδα (phainínda)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "harpastum"
      },
      "expansion": "harpastum",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἁρπαστόν"
      },
      "expansion": "ἁρπαστόν (harpastón)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἁρπαστός"
      },
      "expansion": "ἁρπαστός (harpastós)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἁρπάζω",
        "t": "seize, filch, take"
      },
      "expansion": "ἁρπάζω (harpázō, “seize, filch, take”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unknown. Possibly related to σκύρος (skúros, “chippings of stone”). Another name for the game was apparently ἐπίκοινος (epíkoinos), from ἐπι- (epi-, “on”) + κοινός (koinós, “common”). The game, or a similar game known as φαινίνδα (phainínda), was later adopted by the Romans, who renamed and transformed it into harpastum, the latinisation of the Ancient Greek ἁρπαστόν (harpastón) (neuter of ἁρπαστός (harpastós)), meaning \"snatched away\", from the verb ἁρπάζω (harpázō, “seize, filch, take”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρος",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "epískūros",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρου",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ὁ ἐπῐ́σκῡρος",
      "roman": "ho epískūros",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω",
      "roman": "tṑ episkū́rō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "οἱ ἐπῐ́σκῡροι",
      "roman": "hoi epískūroi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρου",
      "roman": "toû episkū́rou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιν",
      "roman": "toîn episkū́roin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν ἐπῐσκῡ́ρων",
      "roman": "tôn episkū́rōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρῳ",
      "roman": "tôi episkū́rōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιν",
      "roman": "toîn episkū́roin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς ἐπῐσκῡ́ροις",
      "roman": "toîs episkū́rois",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸν ἐπῐ́σκῡρον",
      "roman": "tòn epískūron",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω",
      "roman": "tṑ episkū́rō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοὺς ἐπῐσκῡ́ρους",
      "roman": "toùs episkū́rous",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρε",
      "roman": "epískūre",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω",
      "roman": "episkū́rō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐ́σκῡροι",
      "roman": "epískūroi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Epic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρος",
      "roman": "epískūros",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω",
      "roman": "episkū́rō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐ́σκῡροι",
      "roman": "epískūroi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ρου",
      "roman": "episkū́rou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡροῖο",
      "roman": "episkūroîo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιο",
      "roman": "episkū́roio",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡρόο",
      "roman": "episkūróo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ροο",
      "roman": "episkū́roo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιῐν",
      "roman": "episkū́roiin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ρων",
      "roman": "episkū́rōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ρῳ",
      "roman": "episkū́rōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιῐν",
      "roman": "episkū́roiin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ροισῐ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ροισῐν",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ροις",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "episkū́roisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "episkū́roisin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "episkū́rois",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρον",
      "roman": "epískūron",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω",
      "roman": "episkū́rō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ρους",
      "roman": "episkū́rous",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρε",
      "roman": "epískūre",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω",
      "roman": "episkū́rō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐ́σκῡροι",
      "roman": "epískūroi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ὁ ἐπῐ́σκῡρος",
      "roman": "ho epískūros",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω",
      "roman": "tṑ episkū́rō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "οἱ ἐπῐ́σκῡροι",
      "roman": "hoi epískūroi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρου",
      "roman": "toû episkū́rou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιν",
      "roman": "toîn episkū́roin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν ἐπῐσκῡ́ρων",
      "roman": "tôn episkū́rōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρῳ",
      "roman": "tôi episkū́rōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιν",
      "roman": "toîn episkū́roin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖσῐ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖσῐν ἐπῐσκῡ́ροισῐ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ροισῐν",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ροις",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîsi episkū́roisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîsi episkū́roisin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîsini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîsinin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "episkū́rois",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸν ἐπῐ́σκῡρον",
      "roman": "tòn epískūron",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω",
      "roman": "tṑ episkū́rō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοὺς ἐπῐσκῡ́ρους",
      "roman": "toùs episkū́rous",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρε",
      "roman": "epískūre",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω",
      "roman": "episkū́rō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπῐ́σκῡροι",
      "roman": "epískūroi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρος",
        "2": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρου",
        "3": "m",
        "4": "second"
      },
      "expansion": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρος • (epískūros) m (genitive ἐπῐ́σκῡρου); second declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρος",
        "2": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρου",
        "dial": "att"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρος",
        "2": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρου",
        "dial": "epi"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρος",
        "2": "ἐπῐ́σκῡρου",
        "dial": "ion"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Ancient Greek 4-syllable words",
        "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
        "Ancient Greek entries with language name categories using raw markup",
        "Ancient Greek lemmas",
        "Ancient Greek masculine nouns",
        "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
        "Ancient Greek nouns",
        "Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms",
        "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns",
        "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
        "Ancient Greek terms prefixed with ἐπι-",
        "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
        "Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies",
        "grc:Games",
        "grc:Sports"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "episkyros (an Ancient Greek ball game in which players on two teams attempted to throw the ball over the heads of the other team)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "episkyros",
          "episkyros#English"
        ],
        [
          "Ancient Greek",
          "Ancient Greek#English"
        ],
        [
          "ball game",
          "ball game#English"
        ],
        [
          "player",
          "player#English"
        ],
        [
          "two",
          "two#English"
        ],
        [
          "teams",
          "teams#English"
        ],
        [
          "attempt",
          "attempt#English"
        ],
        [
          "throw",
          "throw#English"
        ],
        [
          "ball",
          "ball#English"
        ],
        [
          "over",
          "over#English"
        ],
        [
          "head",
          "head#English"
        ],
        [
          "other",
          "other#English"
        ],
        [
          "team",
          "team#English"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ἐπίκοινος"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/e.pís.kyː.ros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/eˈpis.cy.ros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/eˈpis.ci.ros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/e.pís.kyː.ros/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/eˈpis.ky.ros/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/eˈpis.cy.ros/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/eˈpis.cy.ros/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/eˈpis.ci.ros/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ἐπίσκυρος"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.