"ἄλσος" meaning in All languages combined

See ἄλσος on Wiktionary

Noun [Ancient Greek]

IPA: /ál.sos/, /ˈal.sos/, /ˈal.sos/, /ál.sos/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /ˈal.sos/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /ˈal.sos/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /ˈal.sos/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /ˈal.sos/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan)
Etymology: Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (“to grow, nourish”), the same root of Latin alō, alumnus, oleō and English old. On the other hand, Beekes connects the word with the proper noun Ἄλτις (Áltis), the name of a sacred enclosure dedicated to Zeus in Olympia; on this basis one could reconstruct the noun as *alti̯os. Furnée accepts the equation, but interprets it in the context of other instances of an interchange of dental and sibilant in Pre-Greek words, like ἄννησον (ánnēson) and ἄνηθον (ánēthon). Etymology templates: {{der|grc|ine-pro|*h₂el-||to grow, nourish}} Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (“to grow, nourish”), {{cog|la|alō}} Latin alō, {{m|la|alumnus}} alumnus, {{m|la|oleō}} oleō, {{cog|en|old}} English old, {{m|grc|Ἄλτις}} Ἄλτις (Áltis), {{der|grc|qsb-grc|-}} Pre-Greek, {{m|grc|ἄννησον}} ἄννησον (ánnēson), {{m|grc|ἄνηθον}} ἄνηθον (ánēthon) Head templates: {{grc-noun|ἄλσεος|n|third|gen2=ἄλσους}} ἄλσος • (álsos) n (genitive ἄλσεος or ἄλσους); third declension Inflection templates: {{grc-decl|ᾰ̓́λσος|ους}} Forms: álsos [romanization], ἄλσεος [genitive], ἄλσους [genitive], Attic declension-3 [table-tags], τὸ ᾰ̓́λσος [nominative, singular], τὼ ᾰ̓́λσει [dual, nominative], τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́λση [nominative, plural], τοῦ ᾰ̓́λσους [genitive, singular], τοῖν ᾰ̓λσοῖν [dual, genitive], τῶν ᾰ̓λσῶν [genitive, plural], τῷ ᾰ̓́λσει [dative, singular], τοῖν ᾰ̓λσοῖν [dative, dual], τοῖς ᾰ̓́λσεσῐ [dative, plural], ᾰ̓́λσεσῐν [dative, plural], toîs álsesi [dative, plural], toîs álsesin [dative, plural], τὸ ᾰ̓́λσος [accusative, singular], τὼ ᾰ̓́λσει [accusative, dual], τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́λση [accusative, plural], ᾰ̓́λσος [singular, vocative], ᾰ̓́λσει [dual, vocative], ᾰ̓́λση [plural, vocative]
  1. grove, especially a sacred one Categories (place): Landforms
    Sense id: en-ἄλσος-grc-noun-lftEzszj Disambiguation of Landforms: 56 44 Categories (other): Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension Disambiguation of Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension: 62 38
  2. (transferred sense) any hallowed precinct, even one without trees
    Sense id: en-ἄλσος-grc-noun-CP2r3gMl Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 35 65 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes: 32 68
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: ἀλσηῐ́ς (alsēís), ἀλσοκομέω (alsokoméō), ἀλσοκόμος (alsokómos), ἀλσοκομῐκή (alsokomikḗ), ἀλσοκομῐκός (alsokomikós), ἀλσοκομῐ́ᾱ (alsokomíā), ἀλσοποιία (alsopoiía), ἀλσώδης (alsṓdēs), ἄλσωμᾰ (álsōma), ἀλσών (alsṓn), ἀλσῐ́νη (alsínē)

Download JSON data for ἄλσος meaning in All languages combined (6.7kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "alsēís",
      "word": "ἀλσηῐ́ς"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "alsokoméō",
      "word": "ἀλσοκομέω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "alsokómos",
      "word": "ἀλσοκόμος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "alsokomikḗ",
      "word": "ἀλσοκομῐκή"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "alsokomikós",
      "word": "ἀλσοκομῐκός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "alsokomíā",
      "word": "ἀλσοκομῐ́ᾱ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "alsopoiía",
      "word": "ἀλσοποιία"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "alsṓdēs",
      "word": "ἀλσώδης"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "álsōma",
      "word": "ἄλσωμᾰ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "alsṓn",
      "word": "ἀλσών"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "alsínē",
      "word": "ἀλσῐ́νη"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "άλσος"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: άλσος (álsos)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: άλσος (álsos)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂el-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to grow, nourish"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (“to grow, nourish”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "alō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin alō",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "alumnus"
      },
      "expansion": "alumnus",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "oleō"
      },
      "expansion": "oleō",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "old"
      },
      "expansion": "English old",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "Ἄλτις"
      },
      "expansion": "Ἄλτις (Áltis)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "qsb-grc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Pre-Greek",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἄννησον"
      },
      "expansion": "ἄννησον (ánnēson)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἄνηθον"
      },
      "expansion": "ἄνηθον (ánēthon)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (“to grow, nourish”), the same root of Latin alō, alumnus, oleō and English old. On the other hand, Beekes connects the word with the proper noun Ἄλτις (Áltis), the name of a sacred enclosure dedicated to Zeus in Olympia; on this basis one could reconstruct the noun as *alti̯os. Furnée accepts the equation, but interprets it in the context of other instances of an interchange of dental and sibilant in Pre-Greek words, like ἄννησον (ánnēson) and ἄνηθον (ánēthon).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "álsos",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἄλσεος",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἄλσους",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-3",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Third declension",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ ᾰ̓́λσος",
      "roman": "tò álsos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ ᾰ̓́λσει",
      "roman": "tṑ álsei",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́λση",
      "roman": "tà álsē",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ ᾰ̓́λσους",
      "roman": "toû álsous",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν ᾰ̓λσοῖν",
      "roman": "toîn alsoîn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν ᾰ̓λσῶν",
      "roman": "tôn alsôn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ ᾰ̓́λσει",
      "roman": "tôi álsei",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν ᾰ̓λσοῖν",
      "roman": "toîn alsoîn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς ᾰ̓́λσεσῐ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓́λσεσῐν",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs álsesi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs álsesin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ ᾰ̓́λσος",
      "roman": "tò álsos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ ᾰ̓́λσει",
      "roman": "tṑ álsei",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́λση",
      "roman": "tà álsē",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓́λσος",
      "roman": "álsos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓́λσει",
      "roman": "álsei",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓́λση",
      "roman": "álsē",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ἄλσεος",
        "2": "n",
        "3": "third",
        "gen2": "ἄλσους"
      },
      "expansion": "ἄλσος • (álsos) n (genitive ἄλσεος or ἄλσους); third declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ᾰ̓́λσος",
        "2": "ους"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "62 38",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "56 44",
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Landforms",
          "orig": "grc:Landforms",
          "parents": [
            "Earth",
            "Places",
            "Nature",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "grove, especially a sacred one"
      ],
      "id": "en-ἄλσος-grc-noun-lftEzszj",
      "links": [
        [
          "grove",
          "grove"
        ],
        [
          "sacred",
          "sacred"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "35 65",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 68",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "any hallowed precinct, even one without trees"
      ],
      "id": "en-ἄλσος-grc-noun-CP2r3gMl",
      "links": [
        [
          "hallow",
          "hallow"
        ],
        [
          "precinct",
          "precinct"
        ],
        [
          "tree",
          "tree"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "transferred sense",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transferred sense) any hallowed precinct, even one without trees"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ál.sos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈal.sos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈal.sos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ál.sos/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈal.sos/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈal.sos/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈal.sos/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈal.sos/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ἄλσος"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
    "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ancient Greek lemmas",
    "Ancient Greek neuter nouns",
    "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
    "Ancient Greek nouns",
    "Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
    "Ancient Greek third-declension nouns",
    "grc:Landforms"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "alsēís",
      "word": "ἀλσηῐ́ς"
    },
    {
      "roman": "alsokoméō",
      "word": "ἀλσοκομέω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "alsokómos",
      "word": "ἀλσοκόμος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "alsokomikḗ",
      "word": "ἀλσοκομῐκή"
    },
    {
      "roman": "alsokomikós",
      "word": "ἀλσοκομῐκός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "alsokomíā",
      "word": "ἀλσοκομῐ́ᾱ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "alsopoiía",
      "word": "ἀλσοποιία"
    },
    {
      "roman": "alsṓdēs",
      "word": "ἀλσώδης"
    },
    {
      "roman": "álsōma",
      "word": "ἄλσωμᾰ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "alsṓn",
      "word": "ἀλσών"
    },
    {
      "roman": "alsínē",
      "word": "ἀλσῐ́νη"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "άλσος"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: άλσος (álsos)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: άλσος (álsos)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂el-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to grow, nourish"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (“to grow, nourish”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "alō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin alō",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "alumnus"
      },
      "expansion": "alumnus",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "oleō"
      },
      "expansion": "oleō",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "old"
      },
      "expansion": "English old",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "Ἄλτις"
      },
      "expansion": "Ἄλτις (Áltis)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "qsb-grc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Pre-Greek",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἄννησον"
      },
      "expansion": "ἄννησον (ánnēson)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἄνηθον"
      },
      "expansion": "ἄνηθον (ánēthon)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (“to grow, nourish”), the same root of Latin alō, alumnus, oleō and English old. On the other hand, Beekes connects the word with the proper noun Ἄλτις (Áltis), the name of a sacred enclosure dedicated to Zeus in Olympia; on this basis one could reconstruct the noun as *alti̯os. Furnée accepts the equation, but interprets it in the context of other instances of an interchange of dental and sibilant in Pre-Greek words, like ἄννησον (ánnēson) and ἄνηθον (ánēthon).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "álsos",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἄλσεος",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἄλσους",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-3",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Third declension",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ ᾰ̓́λσος",
      "roman": "tò álsos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ ᾰ̓́λσει",
      "roman": "tṑ álsei",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́λση",
      "roman": "tà álsē",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ ᾰ̓́λσους",
      "roman": "toû álsous",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν ᾰ̓λσοῖν",
      "roman": "toîn alsoîn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν ᾰ̓λσῶν",
      "roman": "tôn alsôn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ ᾰ̓́λσει",
      "roman": "tôi álsei",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν ᾰ̓λσοῖν",
      "roman": "toîn alsoîn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς ᾰ̓́λσεσῐ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓́λσεσῐν",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs álsesi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs álsesin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ ᾰ̓́λσος",
      "roman": "tò álsos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ ᾰ̓́λσει",
      "roman": "tṑ álsei",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́λση",
      "roman": "tà álsē",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓́λσος",
      "roman": "álsos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓́λσει",
      "roman": "álsei",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓́λση",
      "roman": "álsē",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ἄλσεος",
        "2": "n",
        "3": "third",
        "gen2": "ἄλσους"
      },
      "expansion": "ἄλσος • (álsos) n (genitive ἄλσεος or ἄλσους); third declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ᾰ̓́λσος",
        "2": "ους"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "grove, especially a sacred one"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grove",
          "grove"
        ],
        [
          "sacred",
          "sacred"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Ancient Greek terms with transferred senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "any hallowed precinct, even one without trees"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hallow",
          "hallow"
        ],
        [
          "precinct",
          "precinct"
        ],
        [
          "tree",
          "tree"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "transferred sense",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transferred sense) any hallowed precinct, even one without trees"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ál.sos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈal.sos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈal.sos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ál.sos/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈal.sos/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈal.sos/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈal.sos/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈal.sos/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ἄλσος"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.