See ἀσπίς on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "aspidiṓtēs",
"word": "ἀσπιδιώτης"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "aspidopoiós",
"word": "ἀσπιδοποιός"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "aspidokhelṓnē",
"word": "ἀσπιδοχελώνη"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "aspistḗs",
"word": "ἀσπιστής"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "aspis",
"bor": "yes"
},
"expansion": "→ English: aspis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: aspis"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "ασπίδα"
},
"expansion": "Greek: ασπίδα (aspída)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: ασπίδα (aspída)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "aspis",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Latin: aspis",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Latin: aspis (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "га́спид",
"bor": "yes"
},
"expansion": "→ Ukrainian: га́спид (háspyd)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ukrainian: га́спид (háspyd), а́спид (áspyd), а́спід (áspid)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀ-",
"3": "σπίζω",
"t2": "to extend"
},
"expansion": "ἀ- (a-) + σπίζω (spízō, “to extend”)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*h₂esp-i-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂esp-i-s",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "asper",
"t": "rough, sharp"
},
"expansion": "Latin asper (“rough, sharp”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "",
"t": "to cut down",
"tr": "ḫasp-"
},
"expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (ḫasp-, “to cut down”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "For the \"shield\" sense, traditionally derived from ἀ- (a-) + σπίζω (spízō, “to extend”). Beekes implicitly rejects this theory, and instead endorses Melchet's derivation from Proto-Indo-European *h₂esp-i-s, from *h₂esp- (“to cut”), whence also Latin asper (“rough, sharp”), Hittite [script needed] (ḫasp-, “to cut down”).\nThe \"snake\" sense is most likely a semantic extension of the \"shield\" sense above, named after the \"shield\" formed by the cobra's neck when it rises up or attacks.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᾰ̓σπίς",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ăspís",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓σπίδος",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-3",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ἡ ᾰ̓σπῐ́ς",
"roman": "hē ăspĭ́s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ ᾰ̓σπῐ́δε",
"roman": "tṑ ăspĭ́de",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "αἱ ᾰ̓σπῐ́δες",
"roman": "hai ăspĭ́des",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῆς ᾰ̓σπῐ́δος",
"roman": "tês ăspĭ́dos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν ᾰ̓σπῐ́δοιν",
"roman": "toîn ăspĭ́doin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν ᾰ̓σπῐ́δων",
"roman": "tôn ăspĭ́dōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῇ ᾰ̓σπῐ́δῐ",
"roman": "têi ăspĭ́dĭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν ᾰ̓σπῐ́δοιν",
"roman": "toîn ăspĭ́doin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ταῖς ᾰ̓σπῐ́σῐ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓σπῐ́σῐν",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "taîs ăspĭ́sĭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "taîs ăspĭ́sĭn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὴν ᾰ̓σπῐ́δᾰ",
"roman": "tḕn ăspĭ́dă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ ᾰ̓σπῐ́δε",
"roman": "tṑ ăspĭ́de",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓σπῐ́δᾰς",
"roman": "tā̀s ăspĭ́dăs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἀσπί",
"roman": "aspí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓σπῐ́δε",
"roman": "ăspĭ́de",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓σπῐ́δες",
"roman": "ăspĭ́des",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ᾰ̓σπίδος",
"2": "f",
"3": "third",
"head": "ᾰ̓σπίς"
},
"expansion": "ᾰ̓σπίς • (ăspís) f (genitive ᾰ̓σπίδος); third declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ᾰ̓σπίς",
"2": "ᾰ̓σπῐ́δος",
"VS": "ἀσπί",
"form": "F"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"shield"
],
"id": "en-ἀσπίς-grc-noun-BypibtLW",
"links": [
[
"shield",
"shield"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 35 30 4 4 9 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Armor",
"orig": "grc:Armor",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"collective, body of men-at-arms"
],
"id": "en-ἀσπίς-grc-noun-Wpj2V-p3",
"links": [
[
"collective",
"collective"
],
[
"body",
"body"
],
[
"men-at-arms",
"men-at-arms"
]
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "δόρυ"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "grc:Military",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 35 30 4 4 9 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Armor",
"orig": "grc:Armor",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"on the left"
],
"id": "en-ἀσπίς-grc-noun-eNpEQdDU",
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"left",
"left"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(military) on the left"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a round, flat bowl"
],
"id": "en-ἀσπίς-grc-noun-ylc687v5",
"links": [
[
"bowl",
"bowl"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a boss or knob on a door"
],
"id": "en-ἀσπίς-grc-noun-ptAwVt0j",
"links": [
[
"boss",
"boss"
],
[
"knob",
"knob"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 17 2 2 2 65 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 15 3 3 3 59 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 15 3 3 3 64 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek terms prefixed with ἀ-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 22 2 1 1 64 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 20 1 1 1 63 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 15 2 1 1 68 10",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Snakes",
"orig": "grc:Snakes",
"parents": [
"Reptiles",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"asp, Egyptian cobra"
],
"id": "en-ἀσπίς-grc-noun-3tYHAswS",
"links": [
[
"asp",
"asp"
],
[
"Egyptian cobra",
"Egyptian cobra"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 35 30 4 4 9 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Armor",
"orig": "grc:Armor",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ornament in the form of an asp"
],
"id": "en-ἀσπίς-grc-noun-bpvE3upu",
"links": [
[
"ornament",
"ornament"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/as.pís/"
},
{
"ipa": "/asˈpis/"
},
{
"ipa": "/asˈpis/"
},
{
"ipa": "/as.pís/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/asˈpis/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/asˈpis/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/asˈpis/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/asˈpis/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Aspis"
],
"word": "ἀσπίς"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek feminine nouns",
"Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the third declension",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek nouns",
"Ancient Greek oxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms prefixed with ἀ-",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek third-declension nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for native script for Hittite terms",
"grc:Armor",
"grc:Snakes"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "aspidiṓtēs",
"word": "ἀσπιδιώτης"
},
{
"roman": "aspidopoiós",
"word": "ἀσπιδοποιός"
},
{
"roman": "aspidokhelṓnē",
"word": "ἀσπιδοχελώνη"
},
{
"roman": "aspistḗs",
"word": "ἀσπιστής"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "aspis",
"bor": "yes"
},
"expansion": "→ English: aspis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: aspis"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "ασπίδα"
},
"expansion": "Greek: ασπίδα (aspída)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: ασπίδα (aspída)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "aspis",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Latin: aspis",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Latin: aspis (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "га́спид",
"bor": "yes"
},
"expansion": "→ Ukrainian: га́спид (háspyd)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ukrainian: га́спид (háspyd), а́спид (áspyd), а́спід (áspid)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀ-",
"3": "σπίζω",
"t2": "to extend"
},
"expansion": "ἀ- (a-) + σπίζω (spízō, “to extend”)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*h₂esp-i-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂esp-i-s",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "asper",
"t": "rough, sharp"
},
"expansion": "Latin asper (“rough, sharp”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "",
"t": "to cut down",
"tr": "ḫasp-"
},
"expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (ḫasp-, “to cut down”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "For the \"shield\" sense, traditionally derived from ἀ- (a-) + σπίζω (spízō, “to extend”). Beekes implicitly rejects this theory, and instead endorses Melchet's derivation from Proto-Indo-European *h₂esp-i-s, from *h₂esp- (“to cut”), whence also Latin asper (“rough, sharp”), Hittite [script needed] (ḫasp-, “to cut down”).\nThe \"snake\" sense is most likely a semantic extension of the \"shield\" sense above, named after the \"shield\" formed by the cobra's neck when it rises up or attacks.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᾰ̓σπίς",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ăspís",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓σπίδος",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-3",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ἡ ᾰ̓σπῐ́ς",
"roman": "hē ăspĭ́s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ ᾰ̓σπῐ́δε",
"roman": "tṑ ăspĭ́de",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "αἱ ᾰ̓σπῐ́δες",
"roman": "hai ăspĭ́des",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῆς ᾰ̓σπῐ́δος",
"roman": "tês ăspĭ́dos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν ᾰ̓σπῐ́δοιν",
"roman": "toîn ăspĭ́doin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν ᾰ̓σπῐ́δων",
"roman": "tôn ăspĭ́dōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῇ ᾰ̓σπῐ́δῐ",
"roman": "têi ăspĭ́dĭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν ᾰ̓σπῐ́δοιν",
"roman": "toîn ăspĭ́doin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ταῖς ᾰ̓σπῐ́σῐ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓σπῐ́σῐν",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "taîs ăspĭ́sĭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "taîs ăspĭ́sĭn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὴν ᾰ̓σπῐ́δᾰ",
"roman": "tḕn ăspĭ́dă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ ᾰ̓σπῐ́δε",
"roman": "tṑ ăspĭ́de",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓σπῐ́δᾰς",
"roman": "tā̀s ăspĭ́dăs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἀσπί",
"roman": "aspí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓σπῐ́δε",
"roman": "ăspĭ́de",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓σπῐ́δες",
"roman": "ăspĭ́des",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ᾰ̓σπίδος",
"2": "f",
"3": "third",
"head": "ᾰ̓σπίς"
},
"expansion": "ᾰ̓σπίς • (ăspís) f (genitive ᾰ̓σπίδος); third declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ᾰ̓σπίς",
"2": "ᾰ̓σπῐ́δος",
"VS": "ἀσπί",
"form": "F"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"shield"
],
"links": [
[
"shield",
"shield"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"collective, body of men-at-arms"
],
"links": [
[
"collective",
"collective"
],
[
"body",
"body"
],
[
"men-at-arms",
"men-at-arms"
]
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "δόρυ"
}
],
"categories": [
"grc:Military"
],
"glosses": [
"on the left"
],
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"left",
"left"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(military) on the left"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a round, flat bowl"
],
"links": [
[
"bowl",
"bowl"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a boss or knob on a door"
],
"links": [
[
"boss",
"boss"
],
[
"knob",
"knob"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"asp, Egyptian cobra"
],
"links": [
[
"asp",
"asp"
],
[
"Egyptian cobra",
"Egyptian cobra"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ornament in the form of an asp"
],
"links": [
[
"ornament",
"ornament"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/as.pís/"
},
{
"ipa": "/asˈpis/"
},
{
"ipa": "/asˈpis/"
},
{
"ipa": "/as.pís/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/asˈpis/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/asˈpis/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/asˈpis/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/asˈpis/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Aspis"
],
"word": "ἀσπίς"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ἀσπίς meaning in All languages combined (6.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.