See ἀνά on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ana-",
"word": "ἀνα-"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "ανά"
},
"expansion": "Greek: ανά (aná)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: ανά (aná)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "inh",
"3": "grk-pro>*aná>up",
"id": "up"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂en-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "grk-pro",
"3": "*aná"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic *aná",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*áno",
"4": "",
"5": "up, over, along"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *áno (“up, over, along”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬀𐬥𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬀𐬥𐬀 (ana)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "an-",
"3": "",
"4": "up"
},
"expansion": "Latin an- (“up”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": ",",
"name": ","
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "on"
},
"expansion": "English on",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Hellenic *aná. Beekes' derivation from *h₂en- (“up, on high”) doesn't explain the second syllable. LIPP reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *áno (“up, over, along”). For /o/ > /a/ a vowel harmony is posited, cf. παρά (pará), κατά (katá), ἄντα (ánta), μάλα (mála), σάφα (sápha), θαμά (thamá). For the stress shift, an analogy with other prepositions. Cognates include Avestan 𐬀𐬥𐬀 (ana), Latin an- (“up”) in an-hēlō (“to gasp”), an-testor (“to call up as a witness”), and English on.\nThe genitive is an innovated Greek associative. The dative is from the PIE locative. The accusative is from the pre-PIE directional.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᾰ̓νᾰ́",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ănắ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ἀμ",
"raw_tags": [
"before a labial"
],
"roman": "am",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"apocopic"
]
},
{
"form": "ἄμ",
"raw_tags": [
"before a labial"
],
"roman": "ám",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"apocopic"
]
},
{
"form": "ἀν’",
"roman": "an’",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"apocopic"
]
},
{
"form": "ἄν’",
"roman": "án’",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"apocopic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gen",
"2": "dat",
"3": "acc",
"head": "ᾰ̓νᾰ́"
},
"expansion": "ᾰ̓νᾰ́ • (ănắ) (governs the genitive, dative, and accusative)",
"name": "grc-preposition"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 20 12 12 14 12 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek dative prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 11 13 13 15 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 11 13 13 14 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 10 11 11 16 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek genitive prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 12 14 14 15 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 10 11 14 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 12 14 15 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[with genitive] (rare) on board"
],
"id": "en-ἀνά-grc-prep-cb1AgKmP",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "gen"
},
"expansion": "[with genitive]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"on board",
"on board"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 20 12 12 14 12 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek dative prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 12 14 14 15 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 10 11 14 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 12 14 15 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[with dative] (of location) on, upon"
],
"id": "en-ἀνά-grc-prep-lXS~cNOo",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "dat"
},
"expansion": "[with dative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"dative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"on",
"on"
],
[
"upon",
"upon"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 6 17 17 17 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek accusative prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 20 12 12 14 12 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek dative prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 12 14 14 15 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 10 11 14 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 12 14 15 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[with accusative]",
"up, upwards, along"
],
"id": "en-ἀνά-grc-prep-ObvP3wti",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "acc"
},
"expansion": "[with accusative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"up",
"up"
],
[
"upwards",
"upwards"
],
[
"along",
"along"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 6 17 17 17 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek accusative prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 20 12 12 14 12 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek dative prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 12 14 14 15 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 10 11 14 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 12 14 15 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[with accusative]",
"in sequence, each, throughout"
],
"id": "en-ἀνά-grc-prep-OJmzaKQ4",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "acc"
},
"expansion": "[with accusative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"sequence",
"sequence"
],
[
"each",
"each"
],
[
"throughout",
"throughout"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 6 17 17 17 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek accusative prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 20 12 12 14 12 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek dative prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 12 14 14 15 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 10 11 14 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 12 14 15 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[with accusative]",
"up to"
],
"id": "en-ἀνά-grc-prep-9hWj-gsU",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "acc"
},
"expansion": "[with accusative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"up to",
"up to"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 6 17 17 17 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek accusative prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 20 12 12 14 12 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek dative prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 12 14 14 15 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 10 11 14 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 12 14 15 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[with accusative]",
"at a rate, speed, or price of, for"
],
"id": "en-ἀνά-grc-prep-aF2Fvpqk",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "acc"
},
"expansion": "[with accusative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"rate",
"rate"
],
[
"speed",
"speed"
],
[
"price",
"price"
],
[
"for",
"for"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"[with accusative]",
"(of amounts) at a rate, speed, or price of, for"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of amounts"
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 6 17 17 17 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek accusative prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 20 12 12 14 12 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek dative prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 12 14 14 15 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 10 11 14 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 12 14 15 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "every day",
"roman": "anà pâsan hēméran",
"text": "ἀνὰ πᾶσαν ἡμέραν",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "every year",
"roman": "anà pân étos",
"text": "ἀνὰ πᾶν ἔτος",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[with accusative]",
"translatable with an adverbial noun phrase"
],
"id": "en-ἀνά-grc-prep-jHxJO1QT",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "acc"
},
"expansion": "[with accusative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"raw_glosses": [
"[with accusative]",
"(of time) translatable with an adverbial noun phrase"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of time"
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/a.ná/"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈna/"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈna/"
},
{
"ipa": "/a.ná/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈna/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈna/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈna/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈna/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
],
"word": "ἀνά"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek accusative prepositions",
"Ancient Greek dative prepositions",
"Ancient Greek entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek genitive prepositions",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek oxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek palindromes",
"Ancient Greek prepositions",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂en-",
"Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic",
"Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "ana-",
"word": "ἀνα-"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "ανά"
},
"expansion": "Greek: ανά (aná)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: ανά (aná)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "inh",
"3": "grk-pro>*aná>up",
"id": "up"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂en-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "grk-pro",
"3": "*aná"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic *aná",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*áno",
"4": "",
"5": "up, over, along"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *áno (“up, over, along”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬀𐬥𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬀𐬥𐬀 (ana)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "an-",
"3": "",
"4": "up"
},
"expansion": "Latin an- (“up”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": ",",
"name": ","
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "on"
},
"expansion": "English on",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Hellenic *aná. Beekes' derivation from *h₂en- (“up, on high”) doesn't explain the second syllable. LIPP reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *áno (“up, over, along”). For /o/ > /a/ a vowel harmony is posited, cf. παρά (pará), κατά (katá), ἄντα (ánta), μάλα (mála), σάφα (sápha), θαμά (thamá). For the stress shift, an analogy with other prepositions. Cognates include Avestan 𐬀𐬥𐬀 (ana), Latin an- (“up”) in an-hēlō (“to gasp”), an-testor (“to call up as a witness”), and English on.\nThe genitive is an innovated Greek associative. The dative is from the PIE locative. The accusative is from the pre-PIE directional.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᾰ̓νᾰ́",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ănắ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ἀμ",
"raw_tags": [
"before a labial"
],
"roman": "am",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"apocopic"
]
},
{
"form": "ἄμ",
"raw_tags": [
"before a labial"
],
"roman": "ám",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"apocopic"
]
},
{
"form": "ἀν’",
"roman": "an’",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"apocopic"
]
},
{
"form": "ἄν’",
"roman": "án’",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"apocopic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gen",
"2": "dat",
"3": "acc",
"head": "ᾰ̓νᾰ́"
},
"expansion": "ᾰ̓νᾰ́ • (ănắ) (governs the genitive, dative, and accusative)",
"name": "grc-preposition"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"[with genitive] (rare) on board"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "gen"
},
"expansion": "[with genitive]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"on board",
"on board"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"[with dative] (of location) on, upon"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "dat"
},
"expansion": "[with dative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"dative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"on",
"on"
],
[
"upon",
"upon"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"[with accusative]",
"up, upwards, along"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "acc"
},
"expansion": "[with accusative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"up",
"up"
],
[
"upwards",
"upwards"
],
[
"along",
"along"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"[with accusative]",
"in sequence, each, throughout"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "acc"
},
"expansion": "[with accusative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"sequence",
"sequence"
],
[
"each",
"each"
],
[
"throughout",
"throughout"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"[with accusative]",
"up to"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "acc"
},
"expansion": "[with accusative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"up to",
"up to"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"[with accusative]",
"at a rate, speed, or price of, for"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "acc"
},
"expansion": "[with accusative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"rate",
"rate"
],
[
"speed",
"speed"
],
[
"price",
"price"
],
[
"for",
"for"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"[with accusative]",
"(of amounts) at a rate, speed, or price of, for"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of amounts"
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "every day",
"roman": "anà pâsan hēméran",
"text": "ἀνὰ πᾶσαν ἡμέραν",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "every year",
"roman": "anà pân étos",
"text": "ἀνὰ πᾶν ἔτος",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[with accusative]",
"translatable with an adverbial noun phrase"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "acc"
},
"expansion": "[with accusative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"raw_glosses": [
"[with accusative]",
"(of time) translatable with an adverbial noun phrase"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of time"
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/a.ná/"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈna/"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈna/"
},
{
"ipa": "/a.ná/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈna/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈna/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈna/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈna/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
],
"word": "ἀνά"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ἀνά meaning in All languages combined (6.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.