"ო-" meaning in All languages combined

See ო- on Wiktionary

Prefix [Laz]

Forms: o- [alternative], o- [romanization]
Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Kartvelian *a- (“verbal prefix of causative”). Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|lzz|ccs-pro|*a-||verbal prefix of causative|g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Kartvelian *a- (“verbal prefix of causative”), {{inh+|lzz|ccs-pro|*a-|t=verbal prefix of causative}} Inherited from Proto-Kartvelian *a- (“verbal prefix of causative”) Head templates: {{head|lzz|prefix|Latin spelling|o-}} ო- • (o-) (Latin spelling o-)
  1. transitivity marker; transitive verbs being derived from intransitive verbs have the version marker ო- (o-) if they express an action which has no determined beneficiary Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-ო--lzz-prefix-f5f0PRWI Categories (other): Khopa–Batumi Laz, Laz entries with incorrect language header, Vitse–Arkabi Laz Disambiguation of Khopa–Batumi Laz: 44 17 7 22 2 4 4 Disambiguation of Laz entries with incorrect language header: 44 19 6 24 1 3 3 Disambiguation of Vitse–Arkabi Laz: 29 19 15 16 5 8 8
  2. Causative verbs have the version marker ო- (o-) if they expess an action without determined beneficiary Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-ო--lzz-prefix-Er~K7se1
  3. function unknown Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-ო--lzz-prefix-VLCyKj3E
  4. function unknown; can not be changed Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-ო--lzz-prefix-ynOzoNgc
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Prefix [Laz]

Forms: o- [alternative], o- [romanization]
Etymology: Unknown. Etymology templates: {{unknown|lzz}} Unknown Head templates: {{head|lzz|prefix|Latin spelling|o-}} ო- • (o-) (Latin spelling o-)
  1. affirmation prefix Tags: morpheme Synonyms: მენდა-, მინდა-, დო-, ქო-, ჰო-
    Sense id: en-ო--lzz-prefix-9Qd-tafZ
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Prefix [Laz]

Forms: o- [alternative], o- [romanization]
Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Kartvelian *lʿa-. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|lzz|ccs-pro|*lʿa-|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Kartvelian *lʿa-, {{inh+|lzz|ccs-pro|*lʿa-}} Inherited from Proto-Kartvelian *lʿa- Head templates: {{head|lzz|prefix|Latin spelling|o-}} ო- • (o-) (Latin spelling o-)
  1. preverb absence marker Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-ო--lzz-prefix-h0RzYLX~
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Prefix [Laz]

Forms: o- [alternative], o- [romanization], Khopa [romanization]
Etymology: Unknown. Etymology templates: {{unknown|lzz}} Unknown Head templates: {{head|lzz|prefix|Latin spelling|o-}} ო- • (o-) (Latin spelling o-)
  1. a preverb that is observed in a small number of verbs Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-ო--lzz-prefix-6rzXSf2Y
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 4

Download JSON data for ო- meaning in All languages combined (4.9kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lzz",
        "2": "ccs-pro",
        "3": "*a-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "verbal prefix of causative",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Kartvelian *a- (“verbal prefix of causative”)",
      "name": "inh"
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    {
      "args": {
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        "t": "verbal prefix of causative"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Kartvelian *a- (“verbal prefix of causative”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Kartvelian *a- (“verbal prefix of causative”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "o-",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lzz",
        "2": "prefix",
        "3": "Latin spelling",
        "4": "o-"
      },
      "expansion": "ო- • (o-) (Latin spelling o-)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Laz",
  "lang_code": "lzz",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "44 17 7 22 2 4 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Khopa–Batumi Laz",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "44 19 6 24 1 3 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Laz entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 19 15 16 5 8 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vitse–Arkabi Laz",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ო- (o-) + იგზალამს (igzalams, “S/he walks”) → ოგზალამს (ogzalams, “S/he sends”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "transitivity marker; transitive verbs being derived from intransitive verbs have the version marker ო- (o-) if they express an action which has no determined beneficiary"
      ],
      "id": "en-ო--lzz-prefix-f5f0PRWI",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ო- (o-) + იმტენ (imťen, “S/he runs away”) → ომტინამს (omťinams, “S/he makes run away”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Causative verbs have the version marker ო- (o-) if they expess an action without determined beneficiary"
      ],
      "id": "en-ო--lzz-prefix-Er~K7se1",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ო- (o-) + იხმარამს (ixmarams, “S/he uses”) → ოხმარამს (oxmarams, “S/he uses”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "function unknown"
      ],
      "id": "en-ო--lzz-prefix-VLCyKj3E",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "function unknown; can not be changed"
      ],
      "id": "en-ო--lzz-prefix-ynOzoNgc",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ო-"
}

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  "etymology_number": 2,
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      "args": {
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      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unknown"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unknown.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "o-",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-",
      "tags": [
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  ],
  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {
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        "2": "prefix",
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      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Laz",
  "lang_code": "lzz",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "affirmation prefix"
      ],
      "id": "en-ო--lzz-prefix-9Qd-tafZ",
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "მენდა-"
        },
        {
          "word": "მინდა-"
        },
        {
          "word": "დო-"
        },
        {
          "word": "ქო-"
        },
        {
          "word": "ჰო-"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ო-"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
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        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Kartvelian *lʿa-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
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        "1": "lzz",
        "2": "ccs-pro",
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      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Kartvelian *lʿa-",
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    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Kartvelian *lʿa-.",
  "forms": [
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      "form": "o-",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
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        "1": "lzz",
        "2": "prefix",
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      },
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      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
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  "lang_code": "lzz",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "preverb absence marker"
      ],
      "id": "en-ო--lzz-prefix-h0RzYLX~",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ო-"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lzz"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unknown"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unknown.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "o-",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Khopa",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
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        "1": "lzz",
        "2": "prefix",
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      },
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      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Laz",
  "lang_code": "lzz",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a preverb that is observed in a small number of verbs"
      ],
      "id": "en-ო--lzz-prefix-6rzXSf2Y",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ო-"
}
{
  "categories": [
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    "Laz entries with incorrect language header",
    "Laz lemmas",
    "Laz prefixes",
    "Laz terms derived from Proto-Kartvelian",
    "Laz terms inherited from Proto-Kartvelian",
    "Laz terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Vitse–Arkabi Laz"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
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        "1": "Inherited"
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      "name": "glossary"
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lzz",
        "2": "ccs-pro",
        "3": "*a-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "verbal prefix of causative",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Kartvelian *a- (“verbal prefix of causative”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lzz",
        "2": "ccs-pro",
        "3": "*a-",
        "t": "verbal prefix of causative"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Kartvelian *a- (“verbal prefix of causative”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Kartvelian *a- (“verbal prefix of causative”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "o-",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lzz",
        "2": "prefix",
        "3": "Latin spelling",
        "4": "o-"
      },
      "expansion": "ო- • (o-) (Latin spelling o-)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Laz",
  "lang_code": "lzz",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ო- (o-) + იგზალამს (igzalams, “S/he walks”) → ოგზალამს (ogzalams, “S/he sends”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "transitivity marker; transitive verbs being derived from intransitive verbs have the version marker ო- (o-) if they express an action which has no determined beneficiary"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ო- (o-) + იმტენ (imťen, “S/he runs away”) → ომტინამს (omťinams, “S/he makes run away”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Causative verbs have the version marker ო- (o-) if they expess an action without determined beneficiary"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ო- (o-) + იხმარამს (ixmarams, “S/he uses”) → ოხმარამს (oxmarams, “S/he uses”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "function unknown"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "function unknown; can not be changed"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ო-"
}

{
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    "Laz lemmas",
    "Laz prefixes",
    "Laz terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Vitse–Arkabi Laz"
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  "etymology_number": 2,
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  "forms": [
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      "form": "o-",
      "tags": [
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    },
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      "tags": [
        "romanization"
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    }
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      "name": "head"
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  "pos": "prefix",
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    {
      "glosses": [
        "affirmation prefix"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "მენდა-"
        },
        {
          "word": "მინდა-"
        },
        {
          "word": "დო-"
        },
        {
          "word": "ქო-"
        },
        {
          "word": "ჰო-"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ო-"
}

{
  "categories": [
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    "Laz lemmas",
    "Laz prefixes",
    "Laz terms derived from Proto-Kartvelian",
    "Laz terms inherited from Proto-Kartvelian",
    "Laz terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Vitse–Arkabi Laz"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "name": "glossary"
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        "1": "lzz",
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        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Kartvelian *lʿa-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lzz",
        "2": "ccs-pro",
        "3": "*lʿa-"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Kartvelian *lʿa-",
      "name": "inh+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Kartvelian *lʿa-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "o-",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lzz",
        "2": "prefix",
        "3": "Latin spelling",
        "4": "o-"
      },
      "expansion": "ო- • (o-) (Latin spelling o-)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Laz",
  "lang_code": "lzz",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "preverb absence marker"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ო-"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Khopa–Batumi Laz",
    "Laz entries with incorrect language header",
    "Laz lemmas",
    "Laz prefixes",
    "Laz terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Vitse–Arkabi Laz"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
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      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unknown"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unknown.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "o-",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Khopa",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lzz",
        "2": "prefix",
        "3": "Latin spelling",
        "4": "o-"
      },
      "expansion": "ო- • (o-) (Latin spelling o-)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Laz",
  "lang_code": "lzz",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a preverb that is observed in a small number of verbs"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ო-"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (4d5d0bb and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.