See ไทย on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for ไทย meaning in All languages combined (16.6kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "pi",
"3": "deyya"
},
"expansion": "Pali deyya",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ไท",
"gloss": "human being, person; Tai; Siamese Thai; etc"
},
"expansion": "Thai ไท (tai, “human being, person; Tai; Siamese Thai; etc”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "สยาม",
"3": "",
"4": "Siam"
},
"expansion": "สยาม (sà-yǎam, “Siam”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ไท"
},
"expansion": "ไท (tai)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Believed to be from Pali deyya, which in turn is a conversion of Thai ไท (tai, “human being, person; Tai; Siamese Thai; etc”). Declared by the government of Field Marshal Plaek Phibunsongkhram to be the name of the modern country and its people, replacing the name สยาม (sà-yǎam, “Siam”), through the constitution dated 3 October 1939 (effective as from 6 October 1939). More likely from ไท (tai) (see below).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ไทย • (tai)",
"name": "th-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"person; human being"
],
"id": "en-ไทย-th-noun-EHBNqeft",
"links": [
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"human being",
"human being"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) person; human being"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[In] the language of the Northern Thais, they use the word \"mi\" in the same meaning as \"yu\" employed by the Southern [Central] Thais.",
"ref": "1944, สมเด็จพระเจ้าบรมวงศ์เธอ กรมพระยาดำรงราชานุภาพ, “นิทานที่ ๑๘ เรื่องค้นเมืองโบราณ”, in นิทานโบราณคดี, Bangkok: n.p.",
"text": "ภาษาไทยเหนือเขาใช้คำ \"มี\" หมายความเหมือนอย่างไทยใต้ว่า \"อยู่\"\npaa-sǎa tai nʉ̌ʉa kǎo chái kam · “mii” · mǎai-kwaam mʉ̌ʉan yàang tai dtâai wâa · “yùu”",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(ชาว~, คน~) Siamese person"
],
"id": "en-ไทย-th-noun-BXnyWSYL",
"links": [
[
"ชาว",
"ชาว#Thai"
],
[
"คน",
"คน#Thai"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) (ชาว~, คน~) Siamese person"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Thai person."
],
"id": "en-ไทย-th-noun-4rwk7hBA",
"links": [
[
"ชาว",
"ชาว#Thai"
],
[
"คน",
"คน#Thai"
],
[
"Thai",
"Thai"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ชาว~, คน~) Thai person."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʰaj˧/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tai",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "ไท"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Plaek Phibunsongkhram",
"Tai peoples",
"Thai people"
],
"word": "ไทย"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "pi",
"3": "deyya"
},
"expansion": "Pali deyya",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ไท",
"gloss": "human being, person; Tai; Siamese Thai; etc"
},
"expansion": "Thai ไท (tai, “human being, person; Tai; Siamese Thai; etc”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "สยาม",
"3": "",
"4": "Siam"
},
"expansion": "สยาม (sà-yǎam, “Siam”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ไท"
},
"expansion": "ไท (tai)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Believed to be from Pali deyya, which in turn is a conversion of Thai ไท (tai, “human being, person; Tai; Siamese Thai; etc”). Declared by the government of Field Marshal Plaek Phibunsongkhram to be the name of the modern country and its people, replacing the name สยาม (sà-yǎam, “Siam”), through the constitution dated 3 October 1939 (effective as from 6 October 1939). More likely from ไท (tai) (see below).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ไทย • (tai)",
"name": "th-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "...does not pass the frontier of the Thai kingdom inwards, even for a single footstep.",
"ref": "1938, เจ้าพระยาทิพากรวงศมหาโกษาธิบดี (ขำ บุนนาค), “๑๖๑. หนังสือขององเกรินตาเตืองกุนถึงเจ้าพระยาบดินทรเดชา”, in พระราชพงศาวดารกรุงรัตนโกสินทร์ รัชชกาลที่ ๓, Bangkok: โรงพิมพ์โสภณพิพรรฒธนากร",
"text": "...หาได้เกินเขตต์แดนกรุงไทยเข้ามาจนก้าว ๑ ไม่\n... hǎa dâai gəən kèet-dɛɛn grung tai kâo maa jon gâao · nʉ̀ng · mâi",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(ประเทศ~, เมือง~, กรุง~) Siam"
],
"id": "en-ไทย-th-name-eqxFv8dq",
"links": [
[
"ประเทศ",
"ประเทศ#Thai"
],
[
"เมือง",
"เมือง#Thai"
],
[
"กรุง",
"กรุง#Thai"
],
[
"Siam",
"Siam"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) (ประเทศ~, เมือง~, กรุง~) Siam"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Countries",
"orig": "th:Countries",
"parents": [
"Polities",
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Countries in Asia",
"orig": "th:Countries in Asia",
"parents": [
"Countries",
"Places",
"Asia",
"Polities",
"Names",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Nature",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Thailand",
"orig": "th:Thailand",
"parents": [
"Asia",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Thailand (a country in Southeast Asia)"
],
"id": "en-ไทย-th-name-rKljq1hR",
"links": [
[
"ประเทศ",
"ประเทศ#Thai"
],
[
"เมือง",
"เมือง#Thai"
],
[
"Thailand",
"Thailand#English:_Q869"
],
[
"Southeast Asia",
"Southeast Asia#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ประเทศ~, เมือง~) Thailand (a country in Southeast Asia)"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 1 5 15 35 23 3 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 4 14 35 23 3 5 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 4 16 32 20 4 5 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 5 18 29 19 4 5 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 4 13 28 20 9 10 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Demonyms",
"orig": "th:Demonyms",
"parents": [
"Names",
"People",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I don't speak Thai (male speaker)",
"roman": "pǒm pûut tai mâi bpen",
"text": "ผมพูดไทยไม่เป็น"
},
{
"english": "Section 13 [In conducting] an inquiry, preliminary hearing, or trial, the Thai language shall be used.",
"ref": "2008 February 7, “ประมวลกฎหมายวิธีพิจารณาความอาญา”, in ห้องสมุดกฎหมาย, Bangkok: สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา, archived from the original on 2020-10-04",
"text": "มาตรา ๑๓ การสอบสวน ไต่สวนมูลฟ้อง หรือพิจารณา ให้ใช้ภาษาไทย\nmâat-dtraa · sìp sǎam · gaan-sɔ̀ɔp-sǔuan · dtài-sǔuan-muun-fɔ́ɔng · rʉ̌ʉ pí-jaa-rá-naa · hâi chái paa-sǎa tai",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Central Thai language, the official language of Thailand"
],
"id": "en-ไทย-th-name-PaA6zfUJ",
"links": [
[
"ภาษา",
"ภาษา#Thai"
],
[
"official",
"official"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"Thailand",
"Thailand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ภาษา~) Central Thai language, the official language of Thailand"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"english": "If there is a need to translate a local Thai language, or a dialect, or a foreign language... an interpreter shall be employed.",
"ref": "2008 February 7, “ประมวลกฎหมายวิธีพิจารณาความอาญา”, in ห้องสมุดกฎหมาย, Bangkok: สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา, archived from the original on 2020-10-04",
"text": "ถ้ามีความจำเป็นต้องแปลภาษาไทยท้องถิ่น หรือภาษาถิ่น หรือภาษาต่างประเทศ...ให้ใช้ล่าม\ntâa mii kwaam-jam-bpen dtɔ̂ng bplɛɛ paa-sǎa tai tɔ́ɔng-tìn · rʉ̌ʉ paa-sǎa tìn · rʉ̌ʉ paa-sǎa dtàang-bprà-têet ... hâi chái lâam",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(ภาษา~) any language of the Thais, as Northern Thai language, Southern Thai language, etc."
],
"id": "en-ไทย-th-name-Litz69Jh",
"links": [
[
"ภาษา",
"ภาษา#Thai"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"Thai",
"Thai"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) (ภาษา~) any language of the Thais, as Northern Thai language, Southern Thai language, etc."
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʰaj˧/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tai",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "ไท"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Plaek Phibunsongkhram",
"Tai peoples",
"Thai people"
],
"word": "ไทย"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "pi",
"3": "deyya"
},
"expansion": "Pali deyya",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ไท",
"gloss": "human being, person; Tai; Siamese Thai; etc"
},
"expansion": "Thai ไท (tai, “human being, person; Tai; Siamese Thai; etc”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "สยาม",
"3": "",
"4": "Siam"
},
"expansion": "สยาม (sà-yǎam, “Siam”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ไท"
},
"expansion": "ไท (tai)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Believed to be from Pali deyya, which in turn is a conversion of Thai ไท (tai, “human being, person; Tai; Siamese Thai; etc”). Declared by the government of Field Marshal Plaek Phibunsongkhram to be the name of the modern country and its people, replacing the name สยาม (sà-yǎam, “Siam”), through the constitution dated 3 October 1939 (effective as from 6 October 1939). More likely from ไท (tai) (see below).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "ไทย • (tai)",
"name": "th-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "เขียนไทย"
},
{
"word": "คัดไทย"
},
{
"word": "เจ้าไทย"
},
{
"word": "ตรุษไทย"
},
{
"word": "ไทยเดิม"
},
{
"word": "ไทยน้อย"
},
{
"word": "ไทยนับสาม"
},
{
"word": "ไทยนับหัว"
},
{
"roman": "tai-mung",
"word": "ไทยมุง"
},
{
"word": "ไทยยาม"
},
{
"word": "ไทยสากล"
},
{
"word": "ไทยหลวง"
},
{
"roman": "tai-yài",
"word": "ไทยใหญ่"
},
{
"word": "นางสาวไทย"
},
{
"word": "ผ่องไทย"
},
{
"roman": "pàt-tai",
"word": "ผัดไทย"
},
{
"word": "พรหมไทย"
},
{
"roman": "prík-tai",
"word": "พริกไทย"
},
{
"word": "มงกุฎไทย"
},
{
"roman": "ram-tai",
"word": "รำไทย"
},
{
"word": "ลายไทย"
},
{
"roman": "sà-mùt-tai",
"word": "สมุดไทย"
},
{
"word": "เสรีไทย"
},
{
"roman": "àao-tai",
"word": "อ่าวไทย"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Handling COVID-19 in Thai way by laying down rules and threatening",
"ref": "2020 May 8, ไอลอว์, “รับมือโควิด-๑๙ แบบไทย ๆ ด้วยการออกกฎและข่มขู่”, in Hot Issues, Bangkok: ไอลอว์, retrieved 2020-05-08",
"text": "รับมือโควิด19 แบบไทย ๆ ด้วยการออกกฎและ \"ข่มขู่\"\nráp-mʉʉ koo-wìt-sìp-gâao · bɛ̀ɛp tai tai dûai gaan-ɔ̀ɔk gòt lɛ́ · “kòm-kùu”",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "'Reigns but does not rule' and Thai-style democracy",
"ref": "2019 October 17, กองบรรณาธิการ, Way Magazine, Bangkok: Way Magazine, retrieved 2020-05-08",
"text": "ปกเกล้าแต่ไม่ปกครอง และระบอบประชาธิปไตยแบบไทย ๆ\nbpòk-glâao dtɛ̀ɛ mâi bpòk-krɔɔng · lɛ́ rá-bɔ̀ɔp bprà-chaa-tí-bpà-dtai bɛ̀ɛp tai tai",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The more [you] try to understand the Thai-style nationalism... the more [you] will realise that the [most] important core of the Thai-style nationalism is loyalty to the regime or obedience to the regime.",
"ref": "2018, พิชญ์ พงษ์สวัสดิ์, เผด็จการวิทยา, Bangkok: มติชน, page 142",
"text": "ยิ่งทำความเข้าใจชาตินิยมแบบไทย ๆ...จะยิ่งพบว่า แกนสำคัญของชาตินิยมแบบไทย ก็คือ ความภักดีต่อระบบหรือเชื่อฟังระบบ\nyîng tam-kwaam-kâo-jai châat-ní-yom bɛ̀ɛp tai tai ... jà yîng póp wâa · gɛɛn sǎm-kan kɔ̌ɔng châat-ní-yom bɛ̀ɛp tai · gɔ̂ kʉʉ · kwaam-pák-dii dtɔ̀ɔ rá-bòp rʉ̌ʉ chʉ̂ʉa-fang rá-bòp",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Many Chinese...didn't want...[their] legal cases to be tried in the Thai way.",
"ref": "2007, แสงอรุณ กนกพงศ์ชัย, วิถีจีนไทยในสังคมสยาม, Bangkok: มติชน, page 66",
"roman": "jiin lǎai kon ... mâi bprà-sǒng ... gaan-pí-jaa-rá-naa ká-dii-kwaam bɛ̀ɛp tai tai",
"text": "จีนหลายคน...ไม่ประสงค์...การพิจารณาคดีความแบบไทย ๆ",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"not universally or internationally recognised, accepted, or practised; only done or taking place in Thailand"
],
"id": "en-ไทย-th-adj-cOjLWkmG",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"sarcastic",
"sarcastic"
],
[
"universally",
"universally"
],
[
"internationally",
"internationally"
],
[
"recognise",
"recognise"
],
[
"accept",
"accept"
],
[
"practise",
"practise"
],
[
"done",
"done"
],
[
"taking place",
"take place"
],
[
"Thailand",
"Thailand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, derogatory, sarcastic) not universally or internationally recognised, accepted, or practised; only done or taking place in Thailand"
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "tai",
"word": "ไท"
}
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"sarcastic",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʰaj˧/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tai",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "ไท"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Plaek Phibunsongkhram",
"Tai peoples",
"Thai people"
],
"word": "ไทย"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "pi",
"3": "deyya"
},
"expansion": "Pali deyya",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Pali deyya.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tai-yá-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"phon": "ไท-ยะ-"
},
"expansion": "ไทย • (tai-yá-)",
"name": "th-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"that should be given"
],
"id": "en-ไทย-th-adj-lpK~Yafx",
"links": [
[
"should",
"should"
],
[
"give",
"give"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(elegant, only in combination) that should be given"
],
"tags": [
"formal",
"in-compounds"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "[bound form]"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰaj˧.ja˦˥./",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"word": "ไทย"
}
{
"categories": [
"Rhymes:Thai/aj",
"Thai 1-syllable words",
"Thai 2-syllable words",
"Thai adjectives",
"Thai entries with incorrect language header",
"Thai entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Thai lemmas",
"Thai nouns",
"Thai prefixes",
"Thai proper nouns",
"Thai self-deprecatory terms",
"Thai terms borrowed from Pali",
"Thai terms derived from Pali",
"Thai terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Thai terms with audio links",
"Thai terms with homophones",
"Thai terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Thai terms with redundant script codes",
"th:Demonyms"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "pi",
"3": "deyya"
},
"expansion": "Pali deyya",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ไท",
"gloss": "human being, person; Tai; Siamese Thai; etc"
},
"expansion": "Thai ไท (tai, “human being, person; Tai; Siamese Thai; etc”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "สยาม",
"3": "",
"4": "Siam"
},
"expansion": "สยาม (sà-yǎam, “Siam”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ไท"
},
"expansion": "ไท (tai)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Believed to be from Pali deyya, which in turn is a conversion of Thai ไท (tai, “human being, person; Tai; Siamese Thai; etc”). Declared by the government of Field Marshal Plaek Phibunsongkhram to be the name of the modern country and its people, replacing the name สยาม (sà-yǎam, “Siam”), through the constitution dated 3 October 1939 (effective as from 6 October 1939). More likely from ไท (tai) (see below).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ไทย • (tai)",
"name": "th-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Thai terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"person; human being"
],
"links": [
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"human being",
"human being"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) person; human being"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Thai terms with archaic senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[In] the language of the Northern Thais, they use the word \"mi\" in the same meaning as \"yu\" employed by the Southern [Central] Thais.",
"ref": "1944, สมเด็จพระเจ้าบรมวงศ์เธอ กรมพระยาดำรงราชานุภาพ, “นิทานที่ ๑๘ เรื่องค้นเมืองโบราณ”, in นิทานโบราณคดี, Bangkok: n.p.",
"text": "ภาษาไทยเหนือเขาใช้คำ \"มี\" หมายความเหมือนอย่างไทยใต้ว่า \"อยู่\"\npaa-sǎa tai nʉ̌ʉa kǎo chái kam · “mii” · mǎai-kwaam mʉ̌ʉan yàang tai dtâai wâa · “yùu”",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(ชาว~, คน~) Siamese person"
],
"links": [
[
"ชาว",
"ชาว#Thai"
],
[
"คน",
"คน#Thai"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) (ชาว~, คน~) Siamese person"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Thai person."
],
"links": [
[
"ชาว",
"ชาว#Thai"
],
[
"คน",
"คน#Thai"
],
[
"Thai",
"Thai"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ชาว~, คน~) Thai person."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʰaj˧/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "tai",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "ไท"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Plaek Phibunsongkhram",
"Tai peoples",
"Thai people"
],
"word": "ไทย"
}
{
"categories": [
"Rhymes:Thai/aj",
"Thai 1-syllable words",
"Thai 2-syllable words",
"Thai adjectives",
"Thai entries with incorrect language header",
"Thai entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Thai lemmas",
"Thai nouns",
"Thai prefixes",
"Thai proper nouns",
"Thai self-deprecatory terms",
"Thai terms borrowed from Pali",
"Thai terms derived from Pali",
"Thai terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Thai terms with audio links",
"Thai terms with homophones",
"Thai terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Thai terms with redundant script codes",
"th:Demonyms"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "pi",
"3": "deyya"
},
"expansion": "Pali deyya",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ไท",
"gloss": "human being, person; Tai; Siamese Thai; etc"
},
"expansion": "Thai ไท (tai, “human being, person; Tai; Siamese Thai; etc”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "สยาม",
"3": "",
"4": "Siam"
},
"expansion": "สยาม (sà-yǎam, “Siam”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ไท"
},
"expansion": "ไท (tai)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Believed to be from Pali deyya, which in turn is a conversion of Thai ไท (tai, “human being, person; Tai; Siamese Thai; etc”). Declared by the government of Field Marshal Plaek Phibunsongkhram to be the name of the modern country and its people, replacing the name สยาม (sà-yǎam, “Siam”), through the constitution dated 3 October 1939 (effective as from 6 October 1939). More likely from ไท (tai) (see below).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ไทย • (tai)",
"name": "th-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Thai terms with archaic senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "...does not pass the frontier of the Thai kingdom inwards, even for a single footstep.",
"ref": "1938, เจ้าพระยาทิพากรวงศมหาโกษาธิบดี (ขำ บุนนาค), “๑๖๑. หนังสือขององเกรินตาเตืองกุนถึงเจ้าพระยาบดินทรเดชา”, in พระราชพงศาวดารกรุงรัตนโกสินทร์ รัชชกาลที่ ๓, Bangkok: โรงพิมพ์โสภณพิพรรฒธนากร",
"text": "...หาได้เกินเขตต์แดนกรุงไทยเข้ามาจนก้าว ๑ ไม่\n... hǎa dâai gəən kèet-dɛɛn grung tai kâo maa jon gâao · nʉ̀ng · mâi",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(ประเทศ~, เมือง~, กรุง~) Siam"
],
"links": [
[
"ประเทศ",
"ประเทศ#Thai"
],
[
"เมือง",
"เมือง#Thai"
],
[
"กรุง",
"กรุง#Thai"
],
[
"Siam",
"Siam"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) (ประเทศ~, เมือง~, กรุง~) Siam"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"th:Countries",
"th:Countries in Asia",
"th:Thailand"
],
"glosses": [
"Thailand (a country in Southeast Asia)"
],
"links": [
[
"ประเทศ",
"ประเทศ#Thai"
],
[
"เมือง",
"เมือง#Thai"
],
[
"Thailand",
"Thailand#English:_Q869"
],
[
"Southeast Asia",
"Southeast Asia#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ประเทศ~, เมือง~) Thailand (a country in Southeast Asia)"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"english": "I don't speak Thai (male speaker)",
"roman": "pǒm pûut tai mâi bpen",
"text": "ผมพูดไทยไม่เป็น"
},
{
"english": "Section 13 [In conducting] an inquiry, preliminary hearing, or trial, the Thai language shall be used.",
"ref": "2008 February 7, “ประมวลกฎหมายวิธีพิจารณาความอาญา”, in ห้องสมุดกฎหมาย, Bangkok: สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา, archived from the original on 2020-10-04",
"text": "มาตรา ๑๓ การสอบสวน ไต่สวนมูลฟ้อง หรือพิจารณา ให้ใช้ภาษาไทย\nmâat-dtraa · sìp sǎam · gaan-sɔ̀ɔp-sǔuan · dtài-sǔuan-muun-fɔ́ɔng · rʉ̌ʉ pí-jaa-rá-naa · hâi chái paa-sǎa tai",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Central Thai language, the official language of Thailand"
],
"links": [
[
"ภาษา",
"ภาษา#Thai"
],
[
"official",
"official"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"Thailand",
"Thailand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ภาษา~) Central Thai language, the official language of Thailand"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"english": "If there is a need to translate a local Thai language, or a dialect, or a foreign language... an interpreter shall be employed.",
"ref": "2008 February 7, “ประมวลกฎหมายวิธีพิจารณาความอาญา”, in ห้องสมุดกฎหมาย, Bangkok: สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา, archived from the original on 2020-10-04",
"text": "ถ้ามีความจำเป็นต้องแปลภาษาไทยท้องถิ่น หรือภาษาถิ่น หรือภาษาต่างประเทศ...ให้ใช้ล่าม\ntâa mii kwaam-jam-bpen dtɔ̂ng bplɛɛ paa-sǎa tai tɔ́ɔng-tìn · rʉ̌ʉ paa-sǎa tìn · rʉ̌ʉ paa-sǎa dtàang-bprà-têet ... hâi chái lâam",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(ภาษา~) any language of the Thais, as Northern Thai language, Southern Thai language, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"ภาษา",
"ภาษา#Thai"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"Thai",
"Thai"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) (ภาษา~) any language of the Thais, as Northern Thai language, Southern Thai language, etc."
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʰaj˧/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "tai",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "ไท"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Plaek Phibunsongkhram",
"Tai peoples",
"Thai people"
],
"word": "ไทย"
}
{
"categories": [
"Rhymes:Thai/aj",
"Thai 1-syllable words",
"Thai 2-syllable words",
"Thai adjectives",
"Thai entries with incorrect language header",
"Thai entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Thai lemmas",
"Thai nouns",
"Thai prefixes",
"Thai proper nouns",
"Thai self-deprecatory terms",
"Thai terms borrowed from Pali",
"Thai terms derived from Pali",
"Thai terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Thai terms with audio links",
"Thai terms with homophones",
"Thai terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Thai terms with redundant script codes",
"th:Demonyms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "เขียนไทย"
},
{
"word": "คัดไทย"
},
{
"word": "เจ้าไทย"
},
{
"word": "ตรุษไทย"
},
{
"word": "ไทยเดิม"
},
{
"word": "ไทยน้อย"
},
{
"word": "ไทยนับสาม"
},
{
"word": "ไทยนับหัว"
},
{
"roman": "tai-mung",
"word": "ไทยมุง"
},
{
"word": "ไทยยาม"
},
{
"word": "ไทยสากล"
},
{
"word": "ไทยหลวง"
},
{
"roman": "tai-yài",
"word": "ไทยใหญ่"
},
{
"word": "นางสาวไทย"
},
{
"word": "ผ่องไทย"
},
{
"roman": "pàt-tai",
"word": "ผัดไทย"
},
{
"word": "พรหมไทย"
},
{
"roman": "prík-tai",
"word": "พริกไทย"
},
{
"word": "มงกุฎไทย"
},
{
"roman": "ram-tai",
"word": "รำไทย"
},
{
"word": "ลายไทย"
},
{
"roman": "sà-mùt-tai",
"word": "สมุดไทย"
},
{
"word": "เสรีไทย"
},
{
"roman": "àao-tai",
"word": "อ่าวไทย"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "pi",
"3": "deyya"
},
"expansion": "Pali deyya",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ไท",
"gloss": "human being, person; Tai; Siamese Thai; etc"
},
"expansion": "Thai ไท (tai, “human being, person; Tai; Siamese Thai; etc”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "สยาม",
"3": "",
"4": "Siam"
},
"expansion": "สยาม (sà-yǎam, “Siam”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ไท"
},
"expansion": "ไท (tai)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Believed to be from Pali deyya, which in turn is a conversion of Thai ไท (tai, “human being, person; Tai; Siamese Thai; etc”). Declared by the government of Field Marshal Plaek Phibunsongkhram to be the name of the modern country and its people, replacing the name สยาม (sà-yǎam, “Siam”), through the constitution dated 3 October 1939 (effective as from 6 October 1939). More likely from ไท (tai) (see below).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "ไทย • (tai)",
"name": "th-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"roman": "tai",
"word": "ไท"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Thai derogatory terms",
"Thai sarcastic terms",
"Thai slang"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Handling COVID-19 in Thai way by laying down rules and threatening",
"ref": "2020 May 8, ไอลอว์, “รับมือโควิด-๑๙ แบบไทย ๆ ด้วยการออกกฎและข่มขู่”, in Hot Issues, Bangkok: ไอลอว์, retrieved 2020-05-08",
"text": "รับมือโควิด19 แบบไทย ๆ ด้วยการออกกฎและ \"ข่มขู่\"\nráp-mʉʉ koo-wìt-sìp-gâao · bɛ̀ɛp tai tai dûai gaan-ɔ̀ɔk gòt lɛ́ · “kòm-kùu”",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "'Reigns but does not rule' and Thai-style democracy",
"ref": "2019 October 17, กองบรรณาธิการ, Way Magazine, Bangkok: Way Magazine, retrieved 2020-05-08",
"text": "ปกเกล้าแต่ไม่ปกครอง และระบอบประชาธิปไตยแบบไทย ๆ\nbpòk-glâao dtɛ̀ɛ mâi bpòk-krɔɔng · lɛ́ rá-bɔ̀ɔp bprà-chaa-tí-bpà-dtai bɛ̀ɛp tai tai",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The more [you] try to understand the Thai-style nationalism... the more [you] will realise that the [most] important core of the Thai-style nationalism is loyalty to the regime or obedience to the regime.",
"ref": "2018, พิชญ์ พงษ์สวัสดิ์, เผด็จการวิทยา, Bangkok: มติชน, page 142",
"text": "ยิ่งทำความเข้าใจชาตินิยมแบบไทย ๆ...จะยิ่งพบว่า แกนสำคัญของชาตินิยมแบบไทย ก็คือ ความภักดีต่อระบบหรือเชื่อฟังระบบ\nyîng tam-kwaam-kâo-jai châat-ní-yom bɛ̀ɛp tai tai ... jà yîng póp wâa · gɛɛn sǎm-kan kɔ̌ɔng châat-ní-yom bɛ̀ɛp tai · gɔ̂ kʉʉ · kwaam-pák-dii dtɔ̀ɔ rá-bòp rʉ̌ʉ chʉ̂ʉa-fang rá-bòp",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Many Chinese...didn't want...[their] legal cases to be tried in the Thai way.",
"ref": "2007, แสงอรุณ กนกพงศ์ชัย, วิถีจีนไทยในสังคมสยาม, Bangkok: มติชน, page 66",
"roman": "jiin lǎai kon ... mâi bprà-sǒng ... gaan-pí-jaa-rá-naa ká-dii-kwaam bɛ̀ɛp tai tai",
"text": "จีนหลายคน...ไม่ประสงค์...การพิจารณาคดีความแบบไทย ๆ",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"not universally or internationally recognised, accepted, or practised; only done or taking place in Thailand"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"sarcastic",
"sarcastic"
],
[
"universally",
"universally"
],
[
"internationally",
"internationally"
],
[
"recognise",
"recognise"
],
[
"accept",
"accept"
],
[
"practise",
"practise"
],
[
"done",
"done"
],
[
"taking place",
"take place"
],
[
"Thailand",
"Thailand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, derogatory, sarcastic) not universally or internationally recognised, accepted, or practised; only done or taking place in Thailand"
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"sarcastic",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʰaj˧/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "tai",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "ไท"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Plaek Phibunsongkhram",
"Tai peoples",
"Thai people"
],
"word": "ไทย"
}
{
"categories": [
"Thai 2-syllable words",
"Thai adjectives",
"Thai entries with incorrect language header",
"Thai entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Thai lemmas",
"Thai prefixes",
"Thai self-deprecatory terms",
"Thai terms borrowed from Pali",
"Thai terms derived from Pali",
"Thai terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Thai terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Thai terms with redundant script codes",
"th:Demonyms"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "pi",
"3": "deyya"
},
"expansion": "Pali deyya",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Pali deyya.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tai-yá-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"phon": "ไท-ยะ-"
},
"expansion": "ไทย • (tai-yá-)",
"name": "th-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"that should be given"
],
"links": [
[
"should",
"should"
],
[
"give",
"give"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(elegant, only in combination) that should be given"
],
"tags": [
"formal",
"in-compounds"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "[bound form]"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰaj˧.ja˦˥./",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"word": "ไทย"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <table> not properly closed",
"path": [
"ไทย"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "",
"title": "ไทย",
"trace": "started on line 1, detected on line 4"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </tr>",
"path": [
"ไทย"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "",
"title": "ไทย",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </table>",
"path": [
"ไทย"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "",
"title": "ไทย",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ชาว~, คน~",
"path": [
"ไทย"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ไทย",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ชาว~, คน~",
"path": [
"ไทย"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ไทย",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ชาว~, คน~",
"path": [
"ไทย"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ไทย",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ชาว~, คน~",
"path": [
"ไทย"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ไทย",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ประเทศ~, เมือง~",
"path": [
"ไทย"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "ไทย",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ประเทศ~, เมือง~",
"path": [
"ไทย"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "ไทย",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ประเทศ~, เมือง~",
"path": [
"ไทย"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "ไทย",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ประเทศ~, เมือง~",
"path": [
"ไทย"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "ไทย",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ภาษา~",
"path": [
"ไทย"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "ไทย",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ภาษา~",
"path": [
"ไทย"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "ไทย",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <table> not properly closed",
"path": [
"ไทย"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "",
"title": "ไทย",
"trace": "started on line 1, detected on line 4"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </tr>",
"path": [
"ไทย"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "",
"title": "ไทย",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </table>",
"path": [
"ไทย"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "",
"title": "ไทย",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.