"காமம்" meaning in All languages combined

See காமம் on Wiktionary

Noun [Tamil]

IPA: /kaːmɐm/ Audio: Ta-காமம்.ogg
Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *keh₂- Proto-Indo-European *-mos Proto-Indo-European *kóh₂mos Proto-Indo-Iranian *káHmas Sanskrit काम (kāma)bor. Tamil காமம் (kāmam) Borrowed from Sanskrit काम (kāma), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *káHmas, from Proto-Indo-European *kóh₂mos, from *keh₂- + *-mos. Doublet of காமன் (kāmaṉ). Cognate with Telugu కామము (kāmamu). Etymology templates: {{etymon|ta|:bor|sa:काम<id:desire>|id=lust|text=++|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *keh₂- Proto-Indo-European *-mos Proto-Indo-European *kóh₂mos Proto-Indo-Iranian *káHmas Sanskrit काम (kāma)bor. Tamil காமம் (kāmam) Borrowed from Sanskrit काम (kāma), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *káHmas, from Proto-Indo-European *kóh₂mos, from *keh₂- + *-mos., {{dbt|ta|காமன்}} Doublet of காமன் (kāmaṉ), {{cog|te|కామము}} Telugu కామము (kāmamu) Head templates: {{ta-noun}} காமம் • (kāmam) Inflection templates: {{ta-decl|num=sg}} Forms: kāmam [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], காமம் [nominative, singular], - [nominative, plural], காமமே [singular, vocative], - [plural, vocative], காமத்தை [accusative, singular], - [accusative, plural], காமத்துக்கு [dative, singular], - [dative, plural], காமத்துக்காக [benefactive, singular], - [benefactive, plural], காமத்துடைய [error-unrecognized-form, singular], - [error-unrecognized-form, plural], காமத்தின் [error-unrecognized-form, singular], காமத்தில் [error-unrecognized-form, singular], காமத்திடம் [error-unrecognized-form, singular], காமத்தோடு [error-unrecognized-form, singular], காமத்துடன் [error-unrecognized-form, singular], காமத்தால் [instrumental, singular], - [instrumental, plural], காமத்திலிருந்து [ablative, singular], - [ablative, plural]
  1. lust, sexual desire, amorousness, lasciviousness, libidinousness
    Sense id: en-காமம்-ta-noun-mUOW0krI Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Pages with etymology trees, Tamil entries with etymology texts, Tamil entries with etymology trees, Tamil entries with incorrect language header, Tamil terms with redundant script codes Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 63 3 3 3 15 12 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 68 3 3 3 12 10 Disambiguation of Pages with etymology trees: 54 4 4 4 19 15 Disambiguation of Tamil entries with etymology texts: 49 4 6 11 17 13 Disambiguation of Tamil entries with etymology trees: 49 4 6 11 17 13 Disambiguation of Tamil entries with incorrect language header: 59 3 5 10 14 10 Disambiguation of Tamil terms with redundant script codes: 23 5 9 18 25 19
  2. sexual pleasure
    Sense id: en-காமம்-ta-noun-VD~beby6 Categories (other): Sex Disambiguation of Sex: 31 48 21 0 0 0
  3. venereal secretion
    Sense id: en-காமம்-ta-noun-YJt9BkVl
  4. happiness in love
    Sense id: en-காமம்-ta-noun-YRY-LyH9 Categories (other): Tamil terms with redundant script codes Disambiguation of Tamil terms with redundant script codes: 23 5 9 18 25 19
  5. desire
    Sense id: en-காமம்-ta-noun-g~p05wJ4 Categories (other): Tamil terms with redundant script codes Disambiguation of Tamil terms with redundant script codes: 23 5 9 18 25 19
  6. object of desire
    Sense id: en-காமம்-ta-noun-PzQYjFC- Categories (other): Tamil terms with redundant script codes Disambiguation of Tamil terms with redundant script codes: 23 5 9 18 25 19
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ta",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "sa:काम<id:desire>",
        "id": "lust",
        "text": "++",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *keh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *kóh₂mos\nProto-Indo-Iranian *káHmas\nSanskrit काम (kāma)bor.\nTamil காமம் (kāmam)\nBorrowed from Sanskrit काम (kāma), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *káHmas, from Proto-Indo-European *kóh₂mos, from *keh₂- + *-mos.",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ta",
        "2": "காமன்"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of காமன் (kāmaṉ)",
      "name": "dbt"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "te",
        "2": "కామము"
      },
      "expansion": "Telugu కామము (kāmamu)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *keh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *kóh₂mos\nProto-Indo-Iranian *káHmas\nSanskrit काम (kāma)bor.\nTamil காமம் (kāmam)\nBorrowed from Sanskrit काम (kāma), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *káHmas, from Proto-Indo-European *kóh₂mos, from *keh₂- + *-mos.\nDoublet of காமன் (kāmaṉ). Cognate with Telugu కామము (kāmamu).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kāmam",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ta-decl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமம்",
      "roman": "kāmam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமமே",
      "roman": "kāmamē",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமத்தை",
      "roman": "kāmattai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமத்துக்கு",
      "roman": "kāmattukku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமத்துக்காக",
      "roman": "kāmattukkāka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "benefactive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "benefactive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமத்துடைய",
      "roman": "kāmattuṭaiya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமத்தின்",
      "roman": "kāmattiṉ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமத்தில்",
      "roman": "kāmattil",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமத்திடம்",
      "roman": "kāmattiṭam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமத்தோடு",
      "roman": "kāmattōṭu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமத்துடன்",
      "roman": "kāmattuṭaṉ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமத்தால்",
      "roman": "kāmattāl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமத்திலிருந்து",
      "roman": "kāmattiliruntu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "காமம் • (kāmam)",
      "name": "ta-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "num": "sg"
      },
      "name": "ta-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Tamil",
  "lang_code": "ta",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "63 3 3 3 15 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "68 3 3 3 12 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 4 4 4 19 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 4 6 11 17 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Tamil entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 4 6 11 17 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Tamil entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "59 3 5 10 14 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Tamil entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 5 9 18 25 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Tamil terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "lust, sexual desire, amorousness, lasciviousness, libidinousness"
      ],
      "id": "en-காமம்-ta-noun-mUOW0krI",
      "links": [
        [
          "lust",
          "lust"
        ],
        [
          "sexual",
          "sexual"
        ],
        [
          "desire",
          "desire"
        ],
        [
          "amorousness",
          "amorousness"
        ],
        [
          "lasciviousness",
          "lasciviousness"
        ],
        [
          "libidinousness",
          "libidinousness"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 48 21 0 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ta",
          "name": "Sex",
          "orig": "ta:Sex",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sexual pleasure"
      ],
      "id": "en-காமம்-ta-noun-VD~beby6",
      "links": [
        [
          "sexual",
          "sexual"
        ],
        [
          "pleasure",
          "pleasure"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "venereal secretion"
      ],
      "id": "en-காமம்-ta-noun-YJt9BkVl",
      "links": [
        [
          "venereal",
          "venereal"
        ],
        [
          "secretion",
          "secretion"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 5 9 18 25 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Tamil terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "happiness in love"
      ],
      "id": "en-காமம்-ta-noun-YRY-LyH9",
      "links": [
        [
          "happiness",
          "happiness"
        ],
        [
          "love",
          "love"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 5 9 18 25 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Tamil terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "desire"
      ],
      "id": "en-காமம்-ta-noun-g~p05wJ4",
      "links": [
        [
          "desire",
          "desire"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 5 9 18 25 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Tamil terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "object of desire"
      ],
      "id": "en-காமம்-ta-noun-PzQYjFC-",
      "links": [
        [
          "object",
          "object"
        ],
        [
          "desire",
          "desire"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kaːmɐm/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ta-காமம்.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/87/Ta-%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D.ogg/Ta-%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Ta-%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "காமம்"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Tamil doublets",
    "Tamil entries with etymology texts",
    "Tamil entries with etymology trees",
    "Tamil entries with incorrect language header",
    "Tamil lemmas",
    "Tamil m-stem nouns",
    "Tamil nouns",
    "Tamil terms borrowed from Sanskrit",
    "Tamil terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Tamil terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Tamil terms derived from Sanskrit",
    "Tamil terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *keh₂-",
    "Tamil terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Tamil terms with redundant script codes",
    "ta:Sex"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ta",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "sa:काम<id:desire>",
        "id": "lust",
        "text": "++",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *keh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *kóh₂mos\nProto-Indo-Iranian *káHmas\nSanskrit काम (kāma)bor.\nTamil காமம் (kāmam)\nBorrowed from Sanskrit काम (kāma), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *káHmas, from Proto-Indo-European *kóh₂mos, from *keh₂- + *-mos.",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ta",
        "2": "காமன்"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of காமன் (kāmaṉ)",
      "name": "dbt"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "te",
        "2": "కామము"
      },
      "expansion": "Telugu కామము (kāmamu)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *keh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *kóh₂mos\nProto-Indo-Iranian *káHmas\nSanskrit काम (kāma)bor.\nTamil காமம் (kāmam)\nBorrowed from Sanskrit काम (kāma), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *káHmas, from Proto-Indo-European *kóh₂mos, from *keh₂- + *-mos.\nDoublet of காமன் (kāmaṉ). Cognate with Telugu కామము (kāmamu).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kāmam",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ta-decl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமம்",
      "roman": "kāmam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமமே",
      "roman": "kāmamē",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமத்தை",
      "roman": "kāmattai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமத்துக்கு",
      "roman": "kāmattukku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமத்துக்காக",
      "roman": "kāmattukkāka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "benefactive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "benefactive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமத்துடைய",
      "roman": "kāmattuṭaiya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமத்தின்",
      "roman": "kāmattiṉ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமத்தில்",
      "roman": "kāmattil",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமத்திடம்",
      "roman": "kāmattiṭam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமத்தோடு",
      "roman": "kāmattōṭu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமத்துடன்",
      "roman": "kāmattuṭaṉ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமத்தால்",
      "roman": "kāmattāl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "காமத்திலிருந்து",
      "roman": "kāmattiliruntu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "காமம் • (kāmam)",
      "name": "ta-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "num": "sg"
      },
      "name": "ta-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Tamil",
  "lang_code": "ta",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "lust, sexual desire, amorousness, lasciviousness, libidinousness"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lust",
          "lust"
        ],
        [
          "sexual",
          "sexual"
        ],
        [
          "desire",
          "desire"
        ],
        [
          "amorousness",
          "amorousness"
        ],
        [
          "lasciviousness",
          "lasciviousness"
        ],
        [
          "libidinousness",
          "libidinousness"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "sexual pleasure"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sexual",
          "sexual"
        ],
        [
          "pleasure",
          "pleasure"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "venereal secretion"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "venereal",
          "venereal"
        ],
        [
          "secretion",
          "secretion"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "happiness in love"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "happiness",
          "happiness"
        ],
        [
          "love",
          "love"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "desire"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "desire",
          "desire"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "object of desire"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "object",
          "object"
        ],
        [
          "desire",
          "desire"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kaːmɐm/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ta-காமம்.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/87/Ta-%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D.ogg/Ta-%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Ta-%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "காமம்"
}

Download raw JSONL data for காமம் meaning in All languages combined (5.5kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive 1'",
  "path": [
    "காமம்"
  ],
  "section": "Tamil",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "காமம்",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive 2'",
  "path": [
    "காமம்"
  ],
  "section": "Tamil",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "காமம்",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'locative 1'",
  "path": [
    "காமம்"
  ],
  "section": "Tamil",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "காமம்",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'locative 2'",
  "path": [
    "காமம்"
  ],
  "section": "Tamil",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "காமம்",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'sociative 1'",
  "path": [
    "காமம்"
  ],
  "section": "Tamil",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "காமம்",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'sociative 2'",
  "path": [
    "காமம்"
  ],
  "section": "Tamil",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "காமம்",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-10-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-10-01 using wiktextract (19bd8d3 and 1ab82da). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.