See उप- on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "उप-"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Sanskrit उप- (upa-)",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Sanskrit उप- (upa-).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "up-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "उप- • (up-)",
"name": "hi-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "61 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hindi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 20 0 0 0 4 32 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 20 0 0 0 4 32 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 20 0 0 0 4 31 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "उप- (up-) + ग्रह (grah, “planet”) → उपग्रह (upagrah, “moon, satellite”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"subordinate"
],
"id": "en-उप--hi-prefix-LuRJubgh",
"links": [
[
"subordinate",
"subordinate"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "उप- (up-) + राष्ट्रपति (rāṣṭrapti, “president”) → उपराष्ट्रपति (uprāṣṭrapti, “vice president”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lesser, vice-"
],
"id": "en-उप--hi-prefix-RQNEcpkK",
"links": [
[
"lesser",
"lesser"
],
[
"vice",
"vice"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "उप-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "उप-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindi: उप- (up-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindi: उप- (up-)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਉਪ-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Punjabi: ਉਪ- (upa-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Punjabi: ਉਪ- (upa-)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sd",
"2": "اُپَـ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "upa-"
},
"expansion": "→ Sindhi: اُپَـ (upa-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sindhi: اُپَـ (upa-)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "inc-pro",
"3": "*upa-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan *upa-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*upa-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *upa-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*upo",
"4": "",
"5": "under, below"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *upo (“under, below”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Aryan *upa-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *upa-, from Proto-Indo-European *upo (“under, below”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "upa-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "prefix",
"sc": "Deva"
},
"expansion": "उप- • (upa-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"towards"
],
"id": "en-उप--sa-prefix-lBxB~72m",
"links": [
[
"towards",
"towards"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"near, with"
],
"id": "en-उप--sa-prefix-WIxDcsp7",
"links": [
[
"near",
"near"
],
[
"with",
"with"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"under, below"
],
"id": "en-उप--sa-prefix-7MbRut0~",
"links": [
[
"under",
"under"
],
[
"below",
"below"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"like, proximate"
],
"id": "en-उप--sa-prefix-h35i6zx-",
"links": [
[
"like",
"like"
],
[
"proximate",
"proximate"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 0 0 11 86 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 0 0 8 89 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"subordinate"
],
"id": "en-उप--sa-prefix-LuRJubgh",
"links": [
[
"subordinate",
"subordinate"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"brother to"
],
"id": "en-उप--sa-prefix-efBounFH",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"son to"
],
"id": "en-उप--sa-prefix-~6X4p3UA",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/u.pɐ/",
"tags": [
"Vedic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/u.pɐ/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Sanskrit"
]
}
],
"word": "उप-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hindi entries with incorrect language header",
"Hindi learned borrowings from Sanskrit",
"Hindi lemmas",
"Hindi prefixes",
"Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit",
"Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "उप-"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Sanskrit उप- (upa-)",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Sanskrit उप- (upa-).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "up-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "उप- • (up-)",
"name": "hi-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "उप- (up-) + ग्रह (grah, “planet”) → उपग्रह (upagrah, “moon, satellite”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"subordinate"
],
"links": [
[
"subordinate",
"subordinate"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "उप- (up-) + राष्ट्रपति (rāṣṭrapti, “president”) → उपराष्ट्रपति (uprāṣṭrapti, “vice president”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lesser, vice-"
],
"links": [
[
"lesser",
"lesser"
],
[
"vice",
"vice"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "उप-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
"Sanskrit lemmas",
"Sanskrit prefixes",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Sanskrit terms with redundant script codes"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "उप-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindi: उप- (up-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindi: उप- (up-)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਉਪ-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Punjabi: ਉਪ- (upa-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Punjabi: ਉਪ- (upa-)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sd",
"2": "اُپَـ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "upa-"
},
"expansion": "→ Sindhi: اُپَـ (upa-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sindhi: اُپَـ (upa-)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "inc-pro",
"3": "*upa-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan *upa-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*upa-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *upa-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*upo",
"4": "",
"5": "under, below"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *upo (“under, below”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Aryan *upa-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *upa-, from Proto-Indo-European *upo (“under, below”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "upa-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "prefix",
"sc": "Deva"
},
"expansion": "उप- • (upa-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"towards"
],
"links": [
[
"towards",
"towards"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"near, with"
],
"links": [
[
"near",
"near"
],
[
"with",
"with"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"under, below"
],
"links": [
[
"under",
"under"
],
[
"below",
"below"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"like, proximate"
],
"links": [
[
"like",
"like"
],
[
"proximate",
"proximate"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"subordinate"
],
"links": [
[
"subordinate",
"subordinate"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"brother to"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"son to"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/u.pɐ/",
"tags": [
"Vedic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/u.pɐ/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Sanskrit"
]
}
],
"word": "उप-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for उप- meaning in All languages combined (3.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.