"گواه" meaning in All languages combined

See گواه on Wiktionary

Noun [Persian]

IPA: [ɡu.ˈwɑːh] [Classical-Persian], [ɡʊ.wɑ́ːʱ] [Dari, formal], [ɡʊ.wɑ́ːʱ] [Dari, formal], [ɡʊ.wɑ́ː] [Kabuli], [ɡu.wɔ́ː] (note: Hazaragi), [ɡ̥o.vɒ́ːʰ] [Iran, formal], [ɡu.vɔ́ʱ] [Tajik, formal] Forms: govâh [romanization], گواهان [plural], گواهها [plural]
Etymology: From Middle Persian gwk’dy (gugāy). From Proto-Indo-European *wi (“apart”) + *kʷeḱ- (“to see”); literally meaning “to see apart, differentiate”. Compare Old Armenian վկայ (vkay), an Iranian borrowing. Etymology templates: {{inh|fa|pal|gwk’dy|tr=gugāy}} Middle Persian gwk’dy (gugāy), {{der|fa|ine-pro|*wi||apart}} Proto-Indo-European *wi (“apart”), {{m|ine-pro|*kʷeḱ-||to see}} *kʷeḱ- (“to see”), {{cog|xcl|վկայ}} Old Armenian վկայ (vkay) Head templates: {{head|fa|noun|plural|گواهان|or|گواهها|||f1tr=govâhân|f2tr=govâh-hâ|f3tr=|head=|head2=|head3=|tr=govâh|tr2=|tr3=}} گواه • (govâh) (plural گواهان (govâhân) or گواهها (govâh-hâ)), {{fa-noun|pl=گواهان|pl2=گواهها|tr=govâh}} گواه • (govâh) (plural گواهان (govâhân) or گواهها (govâh-hâ))
  1. witness Synonyms: شاهد
    Sense id: en-گواه-fa-noun-uhxWakut Categories (other): Persian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Persian entries with incorrect language header: 61 39
  2. evidence Synonyms: شاهد, مدرک
    Sense id: en-گواه-fa-noun-7oJQ-3bg
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: گواه آوردن (govâh âvardan), گواه گرفتن (govâh gereftan), گواهی (govâhi, gavâhi), گواهینامه (govâhi-nâme)

Download JSON data for گواه meaning in All languages combined (4.5kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "borrowed",
            "2": "→"
          },
          "expansion": "→",
          "name": "tooltip"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "→",
          "name": "→"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hindustani: gavāh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hi",
            "2": "गवाह",
            "tr": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Hindi: गवाह",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Hindi: गवाह"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ur",
            "2": "گواه"
          },
          "expansion": "Urdu: گواه",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Urdu: گواه"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kk",
            "2": "куә",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kazakh: куә (kuä)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kazakh: куә (kuä)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "borrowed",
            "2": "→"
          },
          "expansion": "→",
          "name": "tooltip"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "→",
          "name": "→"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Punjabi:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pa",
            "2": "ਗਵਾਹ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Gurmukhi script: ਗਵਾਹ (gavāh)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gurmukhi script: ਗਵਾਹ (gavāh)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pa",
            "2": "گواه",
            "sclb": "1",
            "tr": "gavāh"
          },
          "expansion": "Shahmukhi script: گواه (gavāh)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Shahmukhi script: گواه (gavāh)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "pal",
        "3": "gwk’dy",
        "tr": "gugāy"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Persian gwk’dy (gugāy)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wi",
        "4": "",
        "5": "apart"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wi (“apart”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*kʷeḱ-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to see"
      },
      "expansion": "*kʷeḱ- (“to see”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "վկայ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian վկայ (vkay)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Persian gwk’dy (gugāy). From Proto-Indo-European *wi (“apart”) + *kʷeḱ- (“to see”); literally meaning “to see apart, differentiate”. Compare Old Armenian վկայ (vkay), an Iranian borrowing.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "govâh",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "گواهان",
      "roman": "govâhân",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "گواهها",
      "roman": "govâh-hâ",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "plural",
        "4": "گواهان",
        "5": "or",
        "6": "گواهها",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "f1tr": "govâhân",
        "f2tr": "govâh-hâ",
        "f3tr": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "tr": "govâh",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "گواه • (govâh) (plural گواهان (govâhân) or گواهها (govâh-hâ))",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "گواهان",
        "pl2": "گواهها",
        "tr": "govâh"
      },
      "expansion": "گواه • (govâh) (plural گواهان (govâhân) or گواهها (govâh-hâ))",
      "name": "fa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "govâh âvardan",
      "word": "گواه آوردن"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "govâh gereftan",
      "word": "گواه گرفتن"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "govâhi, gavâhi",
      "word": "گواهی"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "govâhi-nâme",
      "word": "گواهینامه"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "61 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "For me, there is no credit in this oath [of yours], that God is [your] witness and the Lord is One.",
          "ref": "1705, Guru Gobind Singh, “verse 13”, in ظفرنامه [Zafarnama]",
          "roman": "ke izad govâh ast o yazdan yaki-st",
          "text": "مرا اعتباری برین قسم نیست\nکه ایزد گواه است و یزدان یکیست\nma-râ e'tebâri bar in qasam nist",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "witness"
      ],
      "id": "en-گواه-fa-noun-uhxWakut",
      "links": [
        [
          "witness",
          "witness"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "شاهد"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "evidence"
      ],
      "id": "en-گواه-fa-noun-7oJQ-3bg",
      "links": [
        [
          "evidence",
          "evidence"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "شاهد"
        },
        {
          "word": "مدرک"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡu.ˈwɑːh]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡʊ.wɑ́ːʱ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡʊ.wɑ́ːʱ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡʊ.wɑ́ː]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡu.wɔ́ː]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡ̥o.vɒ́ːʰ]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡu.vɔ́ʱ]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "گواه"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Persian lemmas",
    "Persian nouns",
    "Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
    "Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
    "Persian terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "borrowed",
            "2": "→"
          },
          "expansion": "→",
          "name": "tooltip"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "→",
          "name": "→"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hindustani: gavāh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hi",
            "2": "गवाह",
            "tr": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Hindi: गवाह",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Hindi: गवाह"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ur",
            "2": "گواه"
          },
          "expansion": "Urdu: گواه",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Urdu: گواه"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kk",
            "2": "куә",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kazakh: куә (kuä)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kazakh: куә (kuä)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "borrowed",
            "2": "→"
          },
          "expansion": "→",
          "name": "tooltip"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "→",
          "name": "→"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Punjabi:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pa",
            "2": "ਗਵਾਹ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Gurmukhi script: ਗਵਾਹ (gavāh)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gurmukhi script: ਗਵਾਹ (gavāh)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pa",
            "2": "گواه",
            "sclb": "1",
            "tr": "gavāh"
          },
          "expansion": "Shahmukhi script: گواه (gavāh)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Shahmukhi script: گواه (gavāh)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "pal",
        "3": "gwk’dy",
        "tr": "gugāy"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Persian gwk’dy (gugāy)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wi",
        "4": "",
        "5": "apart"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wi (“apart”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*kʷeḱ-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to see"
      },
      "expansion": "*kʷeḱ- (“to see”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "վկայ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian վկայ (vkay)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Persian gwk’dy (gugāy). From Proto-Indo-European *wi (“apart”) + *kʷeḱ- (“to see”); literally meaning “to see apart, differentiate”. Compare Old Armenian վկայ (vkay), an Iranian borrowing.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "govâh",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "گواهان",
      "roman": "govâhân",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "گواهها",
      "roman": "govâh-hâ",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "plural",
        "4": "گواهان",
        "5": "or",
        "6": "گواهها",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "f1tr": "govâhân",
        "f2tr": "govâh-hâ",
        "f3tr": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "tr": "govâh",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "گواه • (govâh) (plural گواهان (govâhân) or گواهها (govâh-hâ))",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "گواهان",
        "pl2": "گواهها",
        "tr": "govâh"
      },
      "expansion": "گواه • (govâh) (plural گواهان (govâhân) or گواهها (govâh-hâ))",
      "name": "fa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "govâh âvardan",
      "word": "گواه آوردن"
    },
    {
      "roman": "govâh gereftan",
      "word": "گواه گرفتن"
    },
    {
      "roman": "govâhi, gavâhi",
      "word": "گواهی"
    },
    {
      "roman": "govâhi-nâme",
      "word": "گواهینامه"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Persian terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "For me, there is no credit in this oath [of yours], that God is [your] witness and the Lord is One.",
          "ref": "1705, Guru Gobind Singh, “verse 13”, in ظفرنامه [Zafarnama]",
          "roman": "ke izad govâh ast o yazdan yaki-st",
          "text": "مرا اعتباری برین قسم نیست\nکه ایزد گواه است و یزدان یکیست\nma-râ e'tebâri bar in qasam nist",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "witness"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "witness",
          "witness"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "شاهد"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "evidence"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "evidence",
          "evidence"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "شاهد"
        },
        {
          "word": "مدرک"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡu.ˈwɑːh]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡʊ.wɑ́ːʱ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡʊ.wɑ́ːʱ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡʊ.wɑ́ː]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡu.wɔ́ː]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡ̥o.vɒ́ːʰ]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡu.vɔ́ʱ]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "گواه"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.