See گناه on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for گناه meaning in All languages combined (14.8kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "to sin",
"roman": "günah işlemek",
"word": "گناه ایشلمك"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "innocent",
"roman": "günahsız",
"word": "گناهسز"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "culprit",
"roman": "günahkâr",
"word": "گناهكار"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "to accuse one wrongfully",
"roman": "günahına girmek",
"word": "گناهنه گیرمك"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "günah"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: günah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: günah"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "gjynah",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: gjynah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: gjynah"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "գո̈ւնահ",
"3": "գո̈ւնախ",
"bor": "1",
"lb1": "պլ",
"lb2": "վն"
},
"expansion": "→ Armenian: (Constantinople) գո̈ւնահ (günah), (Van) գո̈ւնախ (günax)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Armenian: (Constantinople) գո̈ւնահ (günah), (Van) գո̈ւնախ (günax)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "bűn",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: bűn",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: bűn (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ђу̀на̄х",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ђу̀на̄х",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ђу̀на̄х"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "đùnāh",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: đùnāh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: đùnāh"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "fa",
"3": "گناه",
"4": "",
"5": "sin; crime; guilt",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "gonâh",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Persian گناه (gonâh, “sin; crime; guilt”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "fa",
"3": "گناه",
"t": "sin; crime; guilt",
"tr": "gonâh"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Persian گناه (gonâh, “sin; crime; guilt”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Persian گناه (gonâh, “sin; crime; guilt”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "günah",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f2tr": "",
"ftr": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "günah"
},
"expansion": "گناه • (günah)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "günah"
},
"expansion": "گناه • (günah)",
"name": "ota-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"fault, guilt, blame, the responsibility for a mistake or wrongdoing"
],
"id": "en-گناه-ota-noun-l1Htngqt",
"links": [
[
"fault",
"fault"
],
[
"guilt",
"guilt"
],
[
"blame",
"blame"
],
[
"responsibility",
"responsibility"
],
[
"mistake",
"mistake"
],
[
"wrongdoing",
"wrongdoing"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ذنب"
},
{
"word": "صوچ"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 45 43 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Persian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crime, misdeed, offence, any act committed in violation of the law"
],
"id": "en-گناه-ota-noun-diRiuuYM",
"links": [
[
"crime",
"crime"
],
[
"misdeed",
"misdeed"
],
[
"offence",
"offence"
],
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"violation",
"violation"
],
[
"law",
"law"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "جرم"
},
{
"word": "جنایت"
},
{
"word": "صوچ"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ota",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "ota:Religion",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 45 43 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Persian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 31 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ottoman Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 34 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ottoman Turkish terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sin, a transgression against divine law or a law of God"
],
"id": "en-گناه-ota-noun-Tx6WSxd6",
"links": [
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"sin",
"sin"
],
[
"transgression",
"transgression"
],
[
"divine law",
"divine law"
],
[
"God",
"God"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(religion) sin, a transgression against divine law or a law of God"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "صوچ"
},
{
"word": "وبال"
}
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "cünah",
"word": "جناه"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "günah",
"word": "կիւնահ — Armeno-Turkish"
}
],
"word": "گناه"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "bi-gonâh",
"word": "بیگناه"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gonâh-kâr",
"word": "گناهکار"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gonâh-e kabire",
"word": "گناه کبیره"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tg",
"2": "гуноҳ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tajik: гуноҳ (gunoh)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tajik: гуноҳ (gunoh)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "gunoh",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Uzbek: gunoh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Uzbek: gunoh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "جُنَاح",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: جُنَاح (junāḥ)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "from Middle Persian"
},
"expansion": "(from Middle Persian)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: جُنَاح (junāḥ) (from Middle Persian)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "جناح",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "jonâh"
},
"expansion": "→ Persian: جناح (jonâh)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rare"
},
"expansion": "(rare)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "→ Persian: جناح (jonâh) (rare)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "günəh",
"3": "günah",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: günəh, günah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: günəh, günah"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "գո̈ւնա̈հ"
},
"expansion": "գո̈ւնա̈հ (günäh)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Karabakh: գո̈ւնա̈հ (günäh)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "гонаһ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Bashkir: гонаһ (gonah)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bashkir: гонаһ (gonah)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dng",
"2": "гўнахар",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dungan: гўнахар (gwnahar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dungan: гўнахар (gwnahar)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "күнә",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Kazakh: күнә (künä)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Kazakh: күнә (künä)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "گوناح",
"3": "گوناھ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Central Kurdish: گوناح (gunaḧ), گوناھ (gunah)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Central Kurdish: گوناح (gunaḧ), گوناھ (gunah)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "gune",
"3": "guneh",
"4": "guna",
"5": "gunah",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Northern Kurdish: gune, guneh, guna, gunah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Northern Kurdish: gune, guneh, guna, gunah"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "күнөө",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Kyrgyz: күнөө (künöö)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Kyrgyz: күнөө (künöö)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "گناه",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "günah"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: گناه (günah), جناه (cünah); կիւնահ (günah)\nTurkish: günah\n→ Albanian: gjynah\n→ Armenian: (Constantinople) գո̈ւնահ (günah), (Van) գո̈ւնախ (günax)\n→ Hungarian: bűn (possibly)\n→ Serbo-Croatian:\nCyrillic script: ђу̀на̄х\nLatin script: đùnāh",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: گناه (günah), جناه (cünah); կիւնահ (günah)\nTurkish: günah\n→ Albanian: gjynah\n→ Armenian: (Constantinople) գո̈ւնահ (günah), (Van) գո̈ւնախ (günax)\n→ Hungarian: bűn (possibly)\n→ Serbo-Croatian:\nCyrillic script: ђу̀на̄х\nLatin script: đùnāh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਗੁਨਾਹ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Punjabi: ਗੁਨਾਹ (gunāh)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Punjabi: ਗੁਨਾਹ (gunāh)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rhg",
"2": "guná",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Rohingya: guná",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Rohingya: guná"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "гөнаһ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tatar: гөнаһ (gönah)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tatar: гөнаһ (gönah)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "günä",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkmen: günä",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "гүнә"
},
"expansion": "гүнә",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkmen: günä / гүнә"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "گناہ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "gunāh"
},
"expansion": "→ Urdu: گناہ (gunāh)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Urdu: گناہ (gunāh)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "گۇنا",
"3": "گۇناھ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Uyghur: گۇنا (guna), گۇناھ (gunah)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Uyghur: گۇنا (guna), گۇناھ (gunah)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "guna",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Zazaki: guna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Zazaki: guna"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"tr": "wnʾs",
"ts": "wināh"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (wnʾs /wināh/)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐫇𐫏𐫗𐫀𐫍",
"sc": "Mani",
"t": "sin, crime",
"ts": "wināh"
},
"expansion": "𐫇𐫏𐫗𐫀𐫍 (wynʾh /wināh/, “sin, crime”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*vi-"
},
"expansion": "*vi-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wi",
"4": "",
"5": "apart, against"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wi (“apart, against”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*nas-",
"t": "to disappear; to perish"
},
"expansion": "*nas- (“to disappear; to perish”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*neḱ-",
"t": "to perish, to disappear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *neḱ- (“to perish, to disappear”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "վնաս"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian վնաս (vnas)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "oge",
"2": "უნასი"
},
"expansion": "Old Georgian უნასი (unasi)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "",
"tr": "gināsk"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi [script needed] (gināsk)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "binas",
"tr": "binās"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish binas (binās)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "विनाश"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit विनाश (vināśa)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (wnʾs /wināh/), 𐫇𐫏𐫗𐫀𐫍 (wynʾh /wināh/, “sin, crime”), ultimately from the Proto-Iranian preverb *vi- (from Proto-Indo-European *wi (“apart, against”)) and the root *nas- (“to disappear; to perish”), from Proto-Indo-European *neḱ- (“to perish, to disappear”). Akin to Old Armenian վնաս (vnas) (from Iranian), Old Georgian უნასი (unasi) (from Iranian), Baluchi [script needed] (gināsk), Northern Kurdish binas (binās) and Sanskrit विनाश (vināśa).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gonâh",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "گناهان",
"roman": "gonâhân",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "گناهها",
"roman": "gonâh-hâ",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "گناهان",
"5": "or",
"6": "گناهها",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "gonâhân",
"f2tr": "gonâh-hâ",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "gonâh",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "گناه • (gonâh) (plural گناهان (gonâhân) or گناهها (gonâh-hâ))",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "گناهان",
"pl1tr": "gonâhân",
"pl2": "گناهها",
"pl2tr": "gonâh-hâ",
"tr": "gonâh"
},
"expansion": "گناه • (gonâh) (plural گناهان (gonâhân) or گناهها (gonâh-hâ))",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"sin"
],
"id": "en-گناه-fa-noun-zMxox5KO",
"links": [
[
"sin",
"sin"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 80",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Amir said: \"So what was Hasanak's crime here? For if he would come through the desert route, he would have been responsible for the blood of so many people.\"",
"text": "11th century, Abul-Fazl Bayhaqi, Tarikh-e Beyhaqihttps://web.archive.org/web/20150328224423/http://www.iust.ac.ir/find.php?item=10.1654.1059.fa\nامیر گفت: پس از حسنک درین باب چه گناه بوده است؟ که اگر راه بادیه آمدی در خون آنهمه خلق شدی\namir goft: \"pas az hasanak darin bâb če gonâh bude ast? ke agar râh-e bâdiye âmadi, dar xun-e ânhame xalq šodi.\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crime, guilt"
],
"id": "en-گناه-fa-noun-En9TuRtR",
"links": [
[
"crime",
"crime"
],
[
"guilt",
"guilt"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡu.ˈnɑːh]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʊ.nɑ́ːʱ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʊ.nɑ́ːʱ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʊ.nɑ́ː]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡu.nɔ́ː]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡ̥o.nɒ́ːʰ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡu.nɔ́ʱ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gonah",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "گنه"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fa:گناه"
],
"word": "گناه"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Persian terms with redundant script codes",
"Ottoman Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Ottoman Turkish lemmas",
"Ottoman Turkish nouns",
"Ottoman Turkish terms borrowed from Persian",
"Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Persian",
"Ottoman Turkish terms with redundant script codes",
"Requests for Book Pahlavi script for Middle Persian terms",
"Requests for native script for Baluchi terms"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to sin",
"roman": "günah işlemek",
"word": "گناه ایشلمك"
},
{
"english": "innocent",
"roman": "günahsız",
"word": "گناهسز"
},
{
"english": "culprit",
"roman": "günahkâr",
"word": "گناهكار"
},
{
"english": "to accuse one wrongfully",
"roman": "günahına girmek",
"word": "گناهنه گیرمك"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "günah"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: günah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: günah"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "gjynah",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: gjynah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: gjynah"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "գո̈ւնահ",
"3": "գո̈ւնախ",
"bor": "1",
"lb1": "պլ",
"lb2": "վն"
},
"expansion": "→ Armenian: (Constantinople) գո̈ւնահ (günah), (Van) գո̈ւնախ (günax)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Armenian: (Constantinople) գո̈ւնահ (günah), (Van) գո̈ւնախ (günax)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "bűn",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: bűn",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: bűn (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ђу̀на̄х",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ђу̀на̄х",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ђу̀на̄х"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "đùnāh",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: đùnāh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: đùnāh"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "fa",
"3": "گناه",
"4": "",
"5": "sin; crime; guilt",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "gonâh",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Persian گناه (gonâh, “sin; crime; guilt”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "fa",
"3": "گناه",
"t": "sin; crime; guilt",
"tr": "gonâh"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Persian گناه (gonâh, “sin; crime; guilt”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Persian گناه (gonâh, “sin; crime; guilt”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "günah",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f2tr": "",
"ftr": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "günah"
},
"expansion": "گناه • (günah)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "günah"
},
"expansion": "گناه • (günah)",
"name": "ota-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"fault, guilt, blame, the responsibility for a mistake or wrongdoing"
],
"links": [
[
"fault",
"fault"
],
[
"guilt",
"guilt"
],
[
"blame",
"blame"
],
[
"responsibility",
"responsibility"
],
[
"mistake",
"mistake"
],
[
"wrongdoing",
"wrongdoing"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ذنب"
},
{
"word": "صوچ"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"crime, misdeed, offence, any act committed in violation of the law"
],
"links": [
[
"crime",
"crime"
],
[
"misdeed",
"misdeed"
],
[
"offence",
"offence"
],
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"violation",
"violation"
],
[
"law",
"law"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "جرم"
},
{
"word": "جنایت"
},
{
"word": "صوچ"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"ota:Religion"
],
"glosses": [
"sin, a transgression against divine law or a law of God"
],
"links": [
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"sin",
"sin"
],
[
"transgression",
"transgression"
],
[
"divine law",
"divine law"
],
[
"God",
"God"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(religion) sin, a transgression against divine law or a law of God"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "صوچ"
},
{
"word": "وبال"
}
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "cünah",
"word": "جناه"
},
{
"roman": "günah",
"word": "կիւնահ — Armeno-Turkish"
}
],
"word": "گناه"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Persian terms with redundant script codes",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Requests for Book Pahlavi script for Middle Persian terms",
"Requests for native script for Baluchi terms"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "bi-gonâh",
"word": "بیگناه"
},
{
"roman": "gonâh-kâr",
"word": "گناهکار"
},
{
"roman": "gonâh-e kabire",
"word": "گناه کبیره"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tg",
"2": "гуноҳ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tajik: гуноҳ (gunoh)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tajik: гуноҳ (gunoh)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "gunoh",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Uzbek: gunoh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Uzbek: gunoh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "جُنَاح",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: جُنَاح (junāḥ)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "from Middle Persian"
},
"expansion": "(from Middle Persian)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: جُنَاح (junāḥ) (from Middle Persian)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "جناح",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "jonâh"
},
"expansion": "→ Persian: جناح (jonâh)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rare"
},
"expansion": "(rare)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "→ Persian: جناح (jonâh) (rare)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "günəh",
"3": "günah",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: günəh, günah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: günəh, günah"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "գո̈ւնա̈հ"
},
"expansion": "գո̈ւնա̈հ (günäh)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Karabakh: գո̈ւնա̈հ (günäh)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "гонаһ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Bashkir: гонаһ (gonah)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bashkir: гонаһ (gonah)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dng",
"2": "гўнахар",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dungan: гўнахар (gwnahar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dungan: гўнахар (gwnahar)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "күнә",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Kazakh: күнә (künä)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Kazakh: күнә (künä)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "گوناح",
"3": "گوناھ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Central Kurdish: گوناح (gunaḧ), گوناھ (gunah)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Central Kurdish: گوناح (gunaḧ), گوناھ (gunah)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "gune",
"3": "guneh",
"4": "guna",
"5": "gunah",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Northern Kurdish: gune, guneh, guna, gunah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Northern Kurdish: gune, guneh, guna, gunah"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "күнөө",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Kyrgyz: күнөө (künöö)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Kyrgyz: күнөө (künöö)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "گناه",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "günah"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: گناه (günah), جناه (cünah); կիւնահ (günah)\nTurkish: günah\n→ Albanian: gjynah\n→ Armenian: (Constantinople) գո̈ւնահ (günah), (Van) գո̈ւնախ (günax)\n→ Hungarian: bűn (possibly)\n→ Serbo-Croatian:\nCyrillic script: ђу̀на̄х\nLatin script: đùnāh",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: گناه (günah), جناه (cünah); կիւնահ (günah)\nTurkish: günah\n→ Albanian: gjynah\n→ Armenian: (Constantinople) գո̈ւնահ (günah), (Van) գո̈ւնախ (günax)\n→ Hungarian: bűn (possibly)\n→ Serbo-Croatian:\nCyrillic script: ђу̀на̄х\nLatin script: đùnāh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਗੁਨਾਹ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Punjabi: ਗੁਨਾਹ (gunāh)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Punjabi: ਗੁਨਾਹ (gunāh)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rhg",
"2": "guná",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Rohingya: guná",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Rohingya: guná"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "гөнаһ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tatar: гөнаһ (gönah)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tatar: гөнаһ (gönah)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "günä",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkmen: günä",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "гүнә"
},
"expansion": "гүнә",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkmen: günä / гүнә"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "گناہ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "gunāh"
},
"expansion": "→ Urdu: گناہ (gunāh)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Urdu: گناہ (gunāh)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "گۇنا",
"3": "گۇناھ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Uyghur: گۇنا (guna), گۇناھ (gunah)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Uyghur: گۇنا (guna), گۇناھ (gunah)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "guna",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Zazaki: guna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Zazaki: guna"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"tr": "wnʾs",
"ts": "wināh"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (wnʾs /wināh/)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐫇𐫏𐫗𐫀𐫍",
"sc": "Mani",
"t": "sin, crime",
"ts": "wināh"
},
"expansion": "𐫇𐫏𐫗𐫀𐫍 (wynʾh /wināh/, “sin, crime”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*vi-"
},
"expansion": "*vi-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wi",
"4": "",
"5": "apart, against"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wi (“apart, against”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*nas-",
"t": "to disappear; to perish"
},
"expansion": "*nas- (“to disappear; to perish”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*neḱ-",
"t": "to perish, to disappear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *neḱ- (“to perish, to disappear”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "վնաս"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian վնաս (vnas)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "oge",
"2": "უნასი"
},
"expansion": "Old Georgian უნასი (unasi)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "",
"tr": "gināsk"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi [script needed] (gināsk)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "binas",
"tr": "binās"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish binas (binās)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "विनाश"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit विनाश (vināśa)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (wnʾs /wināh/), 𐫇𐫏𐫗𐫀𐫍 (wynʾh /wināh/, “sin, crime”), ultimately from the Proto-Iranian preverb *vi- (from Proto-Indo-European *wi (“apart, against”)) and the root *nas- (“to disappear; to perish”), from Proto-Indo-European *neḱ- (“to perish, to disappear”). Akin to Old Armenian վնաս (vnas) (from Iranian), Old Georgian უნასი (unasi) (from Iranian), Baluchi [script needed] (gināsk), Northern Kurdish binas (binās) and Sanskrit विनाश (vināśa).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gonâh",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "گناهان",
"roman": "gonâhân",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "گناهها",
"roman": "gonâh-hâ",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "گناهان",
"5": "or",
"6": "گناهها",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "gonâhân",
"f2tr": "gonâh-hâ",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "gonâh",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "گناه • (gonâh) (plural گناهان (gonâhân) or گناهها (gonâh-hâ))",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "گناهان",
"pl1tr": "gonâhân",
"pl2": "گناهها",
"pl2tr": "gonâh-hâ",
"tr": "gonâh"
},
"expansion": "گناه • (gonâh) (plural گناهان (gonâhân) or گناهها (gonâh-hâ))",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"sin"
],
"links": [
[
"sin",
"sin"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Amir said: \"So what was Hasanak's crime here? For if he would come through the desert route, he would have been responsible for the blood of so many people.\"",
"text": "11th century, Abul-Fazl Bayhaqi, Tarikh-e Beyhaqihttps://web.archive.org/web/20150328224423/http://www.iust.ac.ir/find.php?item=10.1654.1059.fa\nامیر گفت: پس از حسنک درین باب چه گناه بوده است؟ که اگر راه بادیه آمدی در خون آنهمه خلق شدی\namir goft: \"pas az hasanak darin bâb če gonâh bude ast? ke agar râh-e bâdiye âmadi, dar xun-e ânhame xalq šodi.\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crime, guilt"
],
"links": [
[
"crime",
"crime"
],
[
"guilt",
"guilt"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡu.ˈnɑːh]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʊ.nɑ́ːʱ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʊ.nɑ́ːʱ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʊ.nɑ́ː]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡu.nɔ́ː]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡ̥o.nɒ́ːʰ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡu.nɔ́ʱ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "gonah",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "گنه"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fa:گناه"
],
"word": "گناه"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.