See چرم on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "skin, hide, leather",
"tr": "clm",
"ts": "čarm"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [script needed] (clm /čarm/, “skin, hide, leather”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"3": "𐎨𐎼𐎶𐎴",
"t": "skin, hide, parchment",
"ts": "carman-"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian 𐎨𐎼𐎶𐎴 (c-r-m-n /carman-/, “skin, hide, parchment”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*čárma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *čárma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "څرمن",
"t": "skin",
"tr": "carman"
},
"expansion": "Pashto څرمن (carman, “skin”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "चर्मन्",
"3": "",
"4": "skin, hide, leather"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit चर्मन् (carman, “skin, hide, leather”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [script needed] (clm /čarm/, “skin, hide, leather”), from Old Persian 𐎨𐎼𐎶𐎴 (c-r-m-n /carman-/, “skin, hide, parchment”), from Proto-Iranian *čárma. Compare Pashto څرمن (carman, “skin”), Sanskrit चर्मन् (carman, “skin, hide, leather”), etc.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "čarm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "čarm",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "چرم • (čarm)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "čarm"
},
"expansion": "چرم • (čarm)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "87 0 0 6 0 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 0 0 5 0 1 1 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "čarmi",
"word": "چرمی"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He dressed his body with leopard skin,\nFor there were no breastplates and no devices of war.",
"ref": "1010, Ferdowsi, شاهنامه [Shahnameh]:",
"roman": "bipōšīd tan rā ba čarm-i palang\nki jawšan na-būd u na āyīn-i jang",
"text": "بپوشید تن را به چرم پلنگ\nکه جوشن نبود و نه آیین جنگ",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"leather"
],
"id": "en-چرم-fa-noun-UCJHKygx",
"links": [
[
"leather",
"leather"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃaɾm]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃʰäɾm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃʰäɾm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃʰäɾm]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃʰäɾm]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃʰæɹm]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃʰäɾm]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "چرم"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "sa",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Sanskrit.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carama",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "चरम",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hi": "चरम",
"tr": "carama"
},
"expansion": "چرم • (carama) (Hindi spelling चरम)",
"name": "ur-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"last"
],
"id": "en-چرم-ur-adj-NUfLESrE",
"links": [
[
"last",
"last"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hinder"
],
"id": "en-چرم-ur-adj-zYi-8NFz",
"links": [
[
"hinder",
"hinder"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 5 54 5 6 6 6 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 74 4 3 3 3 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ultimate"
],
"id": "en-چرم-ur-adj-8hrf0ZmD",
"links": [
[
"ultimate",
"ultimate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"final"
],
"id": "en-چرم-ur-adj-JENjC0Yg",
"links": [
[
"final",
"final"
]
]
}
],
"word": "چرم"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "sa",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Sanskrit.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "चर्म",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"hi": "चर्म",
"tr": "carma"
},
"expansion": "چرم • (carma) m (Hindi spelling चर्म)",
"name": "ur-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"skin"
],
"id": "en-چرم-ur-noun-KgBw0BS8",
"links": [
[
"skin",
"skin"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hide"
],
"id": "en-چرم-ur-noun-H1u5eRox",
"links": [
[
"hide",
"hide"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"leather"
],
"id": "en-چرم-ur-noun-UCJHKygx",
"links": [
[
"leather",
"leather"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"parchment"
],
"id": "en-چرم-ur-noun-WglW~Ob2",
"links": [
[
"parchment",
"parchment"
]
]
}
],
"word": "چرم"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "čarmi",
"word": "چرمی"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "skin, hide, leather",
"tr": "clm",
"ts": "čarm"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [script needed] (clm /čarm/, “skin, hide, leather”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"3": "𐎨𐎼𐎶𐎴",
"t": "skin, hide, parchment",
"ts": "carman-"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian 𐎨𐎼𐎶𐎴 (c-r-m-n /carman-/, “skin, hide, parchment”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*čárma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *čárma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "څرمن",
"t": "skin",
"tr": "carman"
},
"expansion": "Pashto څرمن (carman, “skin”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "चर्मन्",
"3": "",
"4": "skin, hide, leather"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit चर्मन् (carman, “skin, hide, leather”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [script needed] (clm /čarm/, “skin, hide, leather”), from Old Persian 𐎨𐎼𐎶𐎴 (c-r-m-n /carman-/, “skin, hide, parchment”), from Proto-Iranian *čárma. Compare Pashto څرمن (carman, “skin”), Sanskrit चर्मन् (carman, “skin, hide, leather”), etc.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "čarm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "čarm",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "چرم • (čarm)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "čarm"
},
"expansion": "چرم • (čarm)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Old Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Old Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Persian terms with quotations",
"Requests for native script for Middle Persian terms"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He dressed his body with leopard skin,\nFor there were no breastplates and no devices of war.",
"ref": "1010, Ferdowsi, شاهنامه [Shahnameh]:",
"roman": "bipōšīd tan rā ba čarm-i palang\nki jawšan na-būd u na āyīn-i jang",
"text": "بپوشید تن را به چرم پلنگ\nکه جوشن نبود و نه آیین جنگ",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"leather"
],
"links": [
[
"leather",
"leather"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃaɾm]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃʰäɾm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃʰäɾm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃʰäɾm]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃʰäɾm]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃʰæɹm]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃʰäɾm]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "چرم"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Urdu adjectives",
"Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"Urdu lemmas",
"Urdu masculine nouns",
"Urdu nouns",
"Urdu terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Urdu terms with redundant head parameter",
"Urdu undefined derivations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "sa",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Sanskrit.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carama",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "चरम",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hi": "चरम",
"tr": "carama"
},
"expansion": "چرم • (carama) (Hindi spelling चरम)",
"name": "ur-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"last"
],
"links": [
[
"last",
"last"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hinder"
],
"links": [
[
"hinder",
"hinder"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ultimate"
],
"links": [
[
"ultimate",
"ultimate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"final"
],
"links": [
[
"final",
"final"
]
]
}
],
"word": "چرم"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Urdu adjectives",
"Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"Urdu lemmas",
"Urdu masculine nouns",
"Urdu nouns",
"Urdu terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Urdu terms with redundant head parameter",
"Urdu undefined derivations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "sa",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Sanskrit.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "चर्म",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"hi": "चर्म",
"tr": "carma"
},
"expansion": "چرم • (carma) m (Hindi spelling चर्म)",
"name": "ur-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"skin"
],
"links": [
[
"skin",
"skin"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hide"
],
"links": [
[
"hide",
"hide"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"leather"
],
"links": [
[
"leather",
"leather"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"parchment"
],
"links": [
[
"parchment",
"parchment"
]
]
}
],
"word": "چرم"
}
Download raw JSONL data for چرم meaning in All languages combined (5.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (ce0be54 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.