See طغرا on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "tuğra"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: tuğra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: tuğra"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "թուռա",
"3": "թուրա",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Armenian: թուռա (tʻuṙa), թուրա (tʻura)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Armenian: թուռա (tʻuṙa), թուրա (tʻura)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*tuġraġ",
"t": "omen, sign, symbol"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *tuġraġ (“omen, sign, symbol”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *tuġraġ (“omen, sign, symbol”). Possibly related with *tuġ (“banner, spearhead symbol”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tuğra",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "طغرالر",
"roman": "tuğralar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "طغرالر",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f2tr": "",
"ftr": "tuğralar",
"head": "",
"tr": "tuğra"
},
"expansion": "طغرا • (tuğra) (plural طغرالر (tuğralar))",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "طغرالر",
"pltr": "tuğralar",
"tr": "tuğra"
},
"expansion": "طغرا • (tuğra) (plural طغرالر (tuğralar))",
"name": "ota-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ottoman Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ota",
"name": "Calligraphy",
"orig": "ota:Calligraphy",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Writing",
"Culture",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Society",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "94 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "95 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "tuğrâî",
"word": "طغرائی"
},
{
"roman": "tuğrâ-keş",
"word": "طغراكش"
},
{
"roman": "tuğra-nüvîs",
"word": "طغرانویس"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tughra"
],
"id": "en-طغرا-ota-noun-DXyX~OOY",
"links": [
[
"tughra",
"tughra"
]
]
}
],
"word": "طغرا"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "trk"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Turkic",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Turkic. Attested since Seljuk times in the eleventh century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toğrâ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "طغراها",
"roman": "toğrâ-hâ",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "طغری",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "طغراها",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "toğrâ-hâ",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "toğrâ",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "طغرا • (toğrâ) (plural طغراها (toğrâ-hâ))",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "طغراها",
"tr": "toğrâ"
},
"expansion": "طغرا • (toğrâ) (plural طغراها (toğrâ-hâ))",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"tughra"
],
"id": "en-طغرا-fa-noun-DXyX~OOY",
"links": [
[
"tughra",
"tughra"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"tughra [from 11th c.]"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 64",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fa",
"name": "Calligraphy",
"orig": "fa:Calligraphy",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Writing",
"Culture",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Society",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A counter for bills and other signed documents."
],
"id": "en-طغرا-fa-noun-f4~5Q0we",
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) A counter for bills and other signed documents."
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tuɣ.ˈɾɑː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰʊɣ.ɾɑ́ː]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰʊɣ.ɾɑ́ː]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰʊɣ.ɾɑ́ː]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰuɣ.ɾɔ́ː]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰoɢ.ɹɒ́ː]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰuʁ.ɾɔ́]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Seljuk",
"fa:طغرا"
],
"word": "طغرا"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"fa:Calligraphy"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "tuğrâî",
"word": "طغرائی"
},
{
"roman": "tuğrâ-keş",
"word": "طغراكش"
},
{
"roman": "tuğra-nüvîs",
"word": "طغرانویس"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "tuğra"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: tuğra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: tuğra"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "թուռա",
"3": "թուրա",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Armenian: թուռա (tʻuṙa), թուրա (tʻura)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Armenian: թուռա (tʻuṙa), թուրա (tʻura)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*tuġraġ",
"t": "omen, sign, symbol"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *tuġraġ (“omen, sign, symbol”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *tuġraġ (“omen, sign, symbol”). Possibly related with *tuġ (“banner, spearhead symbol”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tuğra",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "طغرالر",
"roman": "tuğralar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "طغرالر",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f2tr": "",
"ftr": "tuğralar",
"head": "",
"tr": "tuğra"
},
"expansion": "طغرا • (tuğra) (plural طغرالر (tuğralar))",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "طغرالر",
"pltr": "tuğralar",
"tr": "tuğra"
},
"expansion": "طغرا • (tuğra) (plural طغرالر (tuğralar))",
"name": "ota-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ottoman Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Ottoman Turkish lemmas",
"Ottoman Turkish nouns",
"Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
"Ottoman Turkish terms inherited from Proto-Turkic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ota:Calligraphy"
],
"glosses": [
"tughra"
],
"links": [
[
"tughra",
"tughra"
]
]
}
],
"word": "طغرا"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian terms borrowed from Turkic languages",
"Persian terms derived from Turkic languages",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"fa:Calligraphy"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "trk"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Turkic",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Turkic. Attested since Seljuk times in the eleventh century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toğrâ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "طغراها",
"roman": "toğrâ-hâ",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "طغری",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "طغراها",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "toğrâ-hâ",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "toğrâ",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "طغرا • (toğrâ) (plural طغراها (toğrâ-hâ))",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "طغراها",
"tr": "toğrâ"
},
"expansion": "طغرا • (toğrâ) (plural طغراها (toğrâ-hâ))",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"tughra"
],
"links": [
[
"tughra",
"tughra"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"tughra [from 11th c.]"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Persian dated terms"
],
"glosses": [
"A counter for bills and other signed documents."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) A counter for bills and other signed documents."
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tuɣ.ˈɾɑː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰʊɣ.ɾɑ́ː]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰʊɣ.ɾɑ́ː]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰʊɣ.ɾɑ́ː]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰuɣ.ɾɔ́ː]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰoɢ.ɹɒ́ː]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰuʁ.ɾɔ́]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Seljuk",
"fa:طغرا"
],
"word": "طغرا"
}
Download raw JSONL data for طغرا meaning in All languages combined (3.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.