See دروغ on Wiktionary
{ "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ps", "2": "fa-cls", "3": "دروغ", "tr": "durōġ" }, "expansion": "Classical Persian دروغ (durōġ)", "name": "bor" } ], "etymology_text": "From Classical Persian دروغ (durōġ).", "forms": [ { "form": "droğ", "tags": [ "romanization" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ps", "2": "noun", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "", "6": "", "7": "", "8": "", "f1tr": "", "g": "f", "g2": "", "head": "", "sort": "", "tr": "droğ" }, "expansion": "دروغ • (droğ) f", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "g": "f", "tr": "droğ" }, "expansion": "دروغ • (droğ) f", "name": "ps-noun" } ], "lang": "Pashto", "lang_code": "ps", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "18 21 18 21 21", "kind": "other", "name": "Old Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "18 21 18 21 21", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "18 21 18 21 21", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "lie" ], "id": "en-دروغ-ps-noun-yLGho-a8", "links": [ [ "lie", "lie" ] ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "18 21 18 21 21", "kind": "other", "name": "Old Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "18 21 18 21 21", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "18 21 18 21 21", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "42 58", "kind": "other", "name": "Pashto entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "falsehood" ], "id": "en-دروغ-ps-noun-yMjhxJWf", "links": [ [ "falsehood", "falsehood" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/d̪roɣ/" }, { "audio": "دروغ.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%BA.ogg/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%BA.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%BA.ogg" }, { "ipa": "/d̪ʊrwɑɣ/", "note": "Kunduz" }, { "audio": "دورغ-کندوز.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%BA-%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B2.ogg/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%BA-%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B2.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%BA-%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B2.ogg" } ], "word": "دروغ" } { "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "inc-hnd", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Hindustani:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Hindustani:" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "hi", "2": "दरोग़" }, "expansion": "Hindi: दरोग़ (daroġ)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Hindi: दरोग़ (daroġ)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ur", "2": "دَروغ" }, "expansion": "Urdu: دَروغ (daroġ)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Urdu: دَروغ (daroġ)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ta", "2": "தரோகா", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Tamil: தரோகா (tarōkā)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Tamil: தரோகா (tarōkā)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fa", "2": "pal", "3": "KDBA" }, "expansion": "Middle Persian KDBA", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "fa", "2": "peo", "3": "𐎭𐎼𐎢𐎥", "tr": "drauga" }, "expansion": "Old Persian 𐎭𐎼𐎢𐎥 (drauga)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "fa", "2": "ira-pro", "3": "*dráwgah" }, "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *dráwgah", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "fa", "2": "iir-pro", "3": "*dʰráwgʰas" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰráwgʰas", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "fa", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰrówgʰos" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰrówgʰos", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "Betrug" }, "expansion": "German Betrug", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "bedrog" }, "expansion": "Dutch bedrog", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "dream" }, "expansion": "English dream", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle Persian KDBA / dlwb' (drō(g)), from Old Persian 𐎭𐎼𐎢𐎥 (drauga), from Proto-Iranian *dráwgah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰráwgʰas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrówgʰos, from *dʰrewgʰ-. Compare German Betrug, Dutch bedrog, both “deception”. Also related with English dream.", "forms": [ { "form": "durōġ", "tags": [ "romanization" ] }, { "form": "doruġ", "tags": [ "romanization" ] }, { "form": "دروغها", "roman": "durōġ-hā /doruġ-hâ", "tags": [ "plural" ] }, { "form": "دوروغ", "roman": "duruġ", "tags": [ "alternative", "Tehrani", "colloquial" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fa", "10": "<small>[Term?]</small>", "11": "", "12": "<small>[Term?]</small>", "2": "noun", "3": "plural", "4": "دروغها", "5": "", "6": "", "7": "", "8": "", "9": "", "f1tr": "durōġ-hā /doruġ-hâ", "f2tr": "", "f3tr": "", "head": "", "tr": "durōġ /doruġ", "tr2": "", "tr3": "" }, "expansion": "دروغ • (durōġ /doruġ) (plural دروغها (durōġ-hā /doruġ-hâ))", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "pl": "دروغها", "pltr": "durōġ-hā /doruġ-hâ", "tr": "durōġ /doruġ" }, "expansion": "دروغ • (durōġ /doruġ) (plural دروغها (durōġ-hā /doruġ-hâ))", "name": "fa-noun" } ], "lang": "Persian", "lang_code": "fa", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "durōġ bāftan / doruġ bâftan", "word": "دروغ بافتن" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "durōġ guftan / doruġ goftan", "word": "دروغ گفتن" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "durōġgō / doruġgu", "word": "دروغگو" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "durōġīn / doruġin", "word": "دروغین" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "18 21 18 21 21", "kind": "other", "name": "Old Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "18 21 18 21 21", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "18 21 18 21 21", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "lie" ], "id": "en-دروغ-fa-noun-yLGho-a8", "links": [ [ "lie", "lie" ] ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "18 21 18 21 21", "kind": "other", "name": "Old Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "18 21 18 21 21", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "18 21 18 21 21", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "untruth" ], "id": "en-دروغ-fa-noun-XQmucmC-", "links": [ [ "untruth", "untruth" ] ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "18 21 18 21 21", "kind": "other", "name": "Old Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "18 21 18 21 21", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "18 21 18 21 21", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "29 30 41", "kind": "other", "name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "falsehood" ], "id": "en-دروغ-fa-noun-yMjhxJWf", "links": [ [ "falsehood", "falsehood" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "[du.ˈɾoːɣ]", "tags": [ "Classical-Persian" ] }, { "ipa": "[d̪ʊ.ɾóːɣ]", "tags": [ "Dari", "formal" ] }, { "ipa": "[d̪ʊ.ɾóːɣ]", "tags": [ "Dari", "formal" ] }, { "ipa": "[d̪ʊ.ɾóːɣ]", "tags": [ "Kabuli" ] }, { "ipa": "[d̪u.ɾʊ́ːɣ]", "note": "Hazaragi" }, { "ipa": "[d̪o.ɹúːɢ̥]", "tags": [ "Iran", "formal" ] }, { "ipa": "[d̪o.ɹúːɢ̥]", "tags": [ "Iran", "formal" ] }, { "ipa": "[d̪uː.ɹúːɢ̥]", "tags": [ "Tehrani" ] }, { "ipa": "[d̪u.ɾɵ́ʁ]", "tags": [ "Tajik", "formal" ] }, { "audio": "LL-Q9168 (fas)-Darafsh-دروغ.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%BA.wav/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%BA.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%BA.wav/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%BA.wav.ogg" } ], "word": "دروغ" }
{ "categories": [ "Old Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "Pashto entries with incorrect language header", "Pashto feminine nouns", "Pashto lemmas", "Pashto nouns", "Pashto terms borrowed from Classical Persian", "Pashto terms derived from Classical Persian" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ps", "2": "fa-cls", "3": "دروغ", "tr": "durōġ" }, "expansion": "Classical Persian دروغ (durōġ)", "name": "bor" } ], "etymology_text": "From Classical Persian دروغ (durōġ).", "forms": [ { "form": "droğ", "tags": [ "romanization" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ps", "2": "noun", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "", "6": "", "7": "", "8": "", "f1tr": "", "g": "f", "g2": "", "head": "", "sort": "", "tr": "droğ" }, "expansion": "دروغ • (droğ) f", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "g": "f", "tr": "droğ" }, "expansion": "دروغ • (droğ) f", "name": "ps-noun" } ], "lang": "Pashto", "lang_code": "ps", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "lie" ], "links": [ [ "lie", "lie" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "falsehood" ], "links": [ [ "falsehood", "falsehood" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/d̪roɣ/" }, { "audio": "دروغ.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%BA.ogg/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%BA.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%BA.ogg" }, { "ipa": "/d̪ʊrwɑɣ/", "note": "Kunduz" }, { "audio": "دورغ-کندوز.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%BA-%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B2.ogg/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%BA-%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B2.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%BA-%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B2.ogg" } ], "word": "دروغ" } { "categories": [ "Old Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "Persian entries with incorrect language header", "Persian lemmas", "Persian nouns", "Persian terms derived from Middle Persian", "Persian terms derived from Old Persian", "Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian", "Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian", "Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian", "Persian terms inherited from Old Persian", "Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European", "Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian", "Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian", "Persian terms with IPA pronunciation" ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "inc-hnd", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Hindustani:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Hindustani:" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "hi", "2": "दरोग़" }, "expansion": "Hindi: दरोग़ (daroġ)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Hindi: दरोग़ (daroġ)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ur", "2": "دَروغ" }, "expansion": "Urdu: دَروغ (daroġ)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Urdu: دَروغ (daroġ)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ta", "2": "தரோகா", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Tamil: தரோகா (tarōkā)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Tamil: தரோகா (tarōkā)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fa", "2": "pal", "3": "KDBA" }, "expansion": "Middle Persian KDBA", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "fa", "2": "peo", "3": "𐎭𐎼𐎢𐎥", "tr": "drauga" }, "expansion": "Old Persian 𐎭𐎼𐎢𐎥 (drauga)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "fa", "2": "ira-pro", "3": "*dráwgah" }, "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *dráwgah", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "fa", "2": "iir-pro", "3": "*dʰráwgʰas" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰráwgʰas", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "fa", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰrówgʰos" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰrówgʰos", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "Betrug" }, "expansion": "German Betrug", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "bedrog" }, "expansion": "Dutch bedrog", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "dream" }, "expansion": "English dream", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle Persian KDBA / dlwb' (drō(g)), from Old Persian 𐎭𐎼𐎢𐎥 (drauga), from Proto-Iranian *dráwgah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰráwgʰas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrówgʰos, from *dʰrewgʰ-. Compare German Betrug, Dutch bedrog, both “deception”. Also related with English dream.", "forms": [ { "form": "durōġ", "tags": [ "romanization" ] }, { "form": "doruġ", "tags": [ "romanization" ] }, { "form": "دروغها", "roman": "durōġ-hā /doruġ-hâ", "tags": [ "plural" ] }, { "form": "دوروغ", "roman": "duruġ", "tags": [ "alternative", "Tehrani", "colloquial" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fa", "10": "<small>[Term?]</small>", "11": "", "12": "<small>[Term?]</small>", "2": "noun", "3": "plural", "4": "دروغها", "5": "", "6": "", "7": "", "8": "", "9": "", "f1tr": "durōġ-hā /doruġ-hâ", "f2tr": "", "f3tr": "", "head": "", "tr": "durōġ /doruġ", "tr2": "", "tr3": "" }, "expansion": "دروغ • (durōġ /doruġ) (plural دروغها (durōġ-hā /doruġ-hâ))", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "pl": "دروغها", "pltr": "durōġ-hā /doruġ-hâ", "tr": "durōġ /doruġ" }, "expansion": "دروغ • (durōġ /doruġ) (plural دروغها (durōġ-hā /doruġ-hâ))", "name": "fa-noun" } ], "lang": "Persian", "lang_code": "fa", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "roman": "durōġ bāftan / doruġ bâftan", "word": "دروغ بافتن" }, { "roman": "durōġ guftan / doruġ goftan", "word": "دروغ گفتن" }, { "roman": "durōġgō / doruġgu", "word": "دروغگو" }, { "roman": "durōġīn / doruġin", "word": "دروغین" } ], "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "lie" ], "links": [ [ "lie", "lie" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "untruth" ], "links": [ [ "untruth", "untruth" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "falsehood" ], "links": [ [ "falsehood", "falsehood" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "[du.ˈɾoːɣ]", "tags": [ "Classical-Persian" ] }, { "ipa": "[d̪ʊ.ɾóːɣ]", "tags": [ "Dari", "formal" ] }, { "ipa": "[d̪ʊ.ɾóːɣ]", "tags": [ "Dari", "formal" ] }, { "ipa": "[d̪ʊ.ɾóːɣ]", "tags": [ "Kabuli" ] }, { "ipa": "[d̪u.ɾʊ́ːɣ]", "note": "Hazaragi" }, { "ipa": "[d̪o.ɹúːɢ̥]", "tags": [ "Iran", "formal" ] }, { "ipa": "[d̪o.ɹúːɢ̥]", "tags": [ "Iran", "formal" ] }, { "ipa": "[d̪uː.ɹúːɢ̥]", "tags": [ "Tehrani" ] }, { "ipa": "[d̪u.ɾɵ́ʁ]", "tags": [ "Tajik", "formal" ] }, { "audio": "LL-Q9168 (fas)-Darafsh-دروغ.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%BA.wav/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%BA.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%BA.wav/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%BA.wav.ogg" } ], "word": "دروغ" }
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (92124b4 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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