See զ- on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰō-",
"4": "",
"5": "behind; after; for"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰō- (“behind; after; for”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "за"
},
"expansion": "Russian за (za)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ažù",
"3": "",
"4": "behind, after, for, beyond"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian ažù (“behind, after, for, beyond”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "aiz",
"3": "àiz",
"4": "behind, beyond"
},
"expansion": "Latvian àiz (“behind, beyond”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰō- (“behind; after; for”). Cognates include Russian за (za), Lithuanian ažù (“behind, after, for, beyond”) and Latvian àiz (“behind, beyond”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "z-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ս-",
"roman": "s-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "prep"
},
"expansion": "զ- • (z-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "73 10 0 2 1 1 2 3 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "76 6 1 2 2 3 2 5 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Armenian prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 32 2 7 0 4 7 6 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 39 1 5 0 2 5 3 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 38 1 5 0 2 5 3 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I look",
"roman": "akanem",
"text": "ականեմ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I look intently",
"roman": "zakanem",
"text": "զականեմ",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Intensifying particle, appended to the word to amplify its meaning. Used extensively in Old Armenian, dead in modern Armenian."
],
"id": "en-զ--xcl-prep-bq9quhgY"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 32 2 7 0 4 7 6 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 39 1 5 0 2 5 3 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 38 1 5 0 2 5 3 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to love God",
"roman": "sirel zAstuac",
"text": "սիրել զԱստուած",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to see the sun",
"roman": "tesanel zaregakn",
"text": "տեսանել զարեգակն",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to eat bread",
"roman": "utel zhacʻ",
"text": "ուտել զհաց",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "save us from evil!",
"roman": "pʻrkeá zmez i čʻarēn",
"text": "փրկեա՛ զմեզ ի չարէն",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"marking the definite accusative case"
],
"id": "en-զ--xcl-prep-sJfNSlDU"
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to be afraid",
"roman": "zahi harkanel",
"text": "զահի հարկանել",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be shy",
"roman": "zamōtʻi harkanel",
"text": "զամօթի հարկանել",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to clap",
"roman": "capʻ zcapʻi harkanel",
"text": "ծափ զծափի հարկանել",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to (only with հարկանեմ (harkanem) and զարկեմ (zarkem))"
],
"id": "en-զ--xcl-prep-vO62YijK",
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"հարկանեմ",
"հարկանեմ#Old_Armenian"
],
[
"զարկեմ",
"զարկեմ#Old_Armenian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with dative) to (only with հարկանեմ (harkanem) and զարկեմ (zarkem))"
],
"tags": [
"with-dative"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to speak of him",
"roman": "xōsel znmanē",
"text": "խօսել զնմանէ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "he who speaks ill of his father or mother shall die",
"roman": "or čʻaraxōsescʻē zhōrē kam zmōrē, mahu vaxčanescʻi",
"text": "որ չարախօսեսցէ զհօրէ կամ զմօրէ, մահու վախճանեսցի",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I am talking about whales and dolphins",
"roman": "zkitacʻn asem ew zdelpʻinacʻ",
"text": "զկիտացն ասեմ եւ զդելփինաց",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "what do these tell about you?",
"roman": "zinčʻ dokʻa zkʻēn vkayen",
"text": "զի՞նչ դոքա զքէն վկայեն",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "teaches about the good and the just and the bad",
"roman": "usucʻanē zbarwoy ew zardaroy ew zčʻarē",
"text": "ուսուցանէ զբարւոյ և զարդարոյ և զչարէ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I don't care about that thing",
"roman": "inj očʻ ē pʻoytʻ zaynmanē",
"text": "ինձ ոչ է փոյթ զայնմանէ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to complain about the brothers",
"roman": "trtnǰel zełbaracʻn",
"text": "տրտնջել զեղբարացն",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"about, of (this usage was called “narrative case” by older grammarians)"
],
"id": "en-զ--xcl-prep-1gU1ezxF",
"links": [
[
"about",
"about"
],
[
"of",
"of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with ablative) about, of (this usage was called “narrative case” by older grammarians)"
],
"tags": [
"with-ablative"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "holding from his hand",
"roman": "aṙeal zjeṙanē nora",
"text": "առեալ զձեռանէ նորա",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "hanging from a high tower",
"roman": "kaxeal zbarjr zaštarakēn",
"text": "կախեալ զբարձր զաշտարակէն",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"from"
],
"id": "en-զ--xcl-prep-dYV6RYmZ",
"links": [
[
"from",
"from"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with ablative) from"
],
"tags": [
"with-ablative"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to go and fetch gold, or in order to bring gold",
"roman": "ertʻal zoskwoy",
"text": "երթալ զոսկւոյ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to send in order to bring water",
"roman": "aṙakʻel zǰroy",
"text": "առաքել զջրոյ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "he sends men with swift camels into Armenia to get the earth and the water",
"roman": "...tačik ułtukʻ arjakē i Hays ars zhołoy ew zǰroy",
"text": "...տաճիկ ուղտուք արձակէ ի Հայս արս զհողոյ և զջրոյ",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after, in order to obtain"
],
"id": "en-զ--xcl-prep-9XGMUUo5",
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with ablative) after, in order to obtain"
],
"tags": [
"with-ablative"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "they were around the town",
"roman": "šurǰ zkʻałakʻawn ēin",
"text": "շուրջ զքաղաքաւն էին",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to put on him",
"roman": "arkanel znovaw",
"text": "արկանել զնովաւ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "around that time",
"roman": "zaynu žamanakaw",
"text": "զայնու ժամանակաւ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "around midnight",
"roman": "zhasarak gišeraw, zmēǰ gišeraw",
"text": "զհասարակ գիշերաւ, զմէջ գիշերաւ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "around 9 o'clock",
"roman": "zinn žamu",
"text": "զինն ժամու",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "fell around his neck",
"roman": "ankaw zparanocʻaw nora",
"text": "անկաւ զպարանոցաւ նորա",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"round, around, about (this usage was called “circumlative case” by older grammarians)"
],
"id": "en-զ--xcl-prep-7yH3GkG-",
"links": [
[
"round",
"round"
],
[
"around",
"around"
],
[
"about",
"about"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with instrumental) round, around, about (this usage was called “circumlative case” by older grammarians)"
],
"tags": [
"with-instrumental"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "and they don't cross the boundaries",
"roman": "ew očʻ ancʻanen zčʻapʻov",
"text": "եւ ոչ անցանեն զչափով",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "they were mocking the temple",
"roman": "ztačarawn aypn aṙnēin",
"text": "զտաճարաւն այպն առնէին",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to pass above the flame, to singe",
"roman": "acel zbocʻov",
"text": "ածել զբոցով",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to surpass, to surmount, to excel more than all",
"roman": "ancʻucʻanel zamenekʻumbkʻ",
"text": "անցուցանել զամենեքումբք",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"marks the indirect object with some verbs"
],
"id": "en-զ--xcl-prep---3RKmcW",
"raw_glosses": [
"(with instrumental) marks the indirect object with some verbs"
],
"tags": [
"with-instrumental"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 32 2 7 0 4 7 6 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 39 1 5 0 2 5 3 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 38 1 5 0 2 5 3 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to think",
"roman": "zmtaw acel",
"text": "զմտաւ ածել",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to die by sword",
"roman": "zsrov ertʻal",
"text": "զսրով երթալ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to fall in love",
"roman": "zsirov gal",
"text": "զսիրով գալ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to take care about oneself",
"roman": "zanjamb gal",
"text": "զանձամբ գալ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to obtain",
"roman": "zjeṙōkʻ acel",
"text": "զձեռօք ածել",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"found in numerous idioms"
],
"id": "en-զ--xcl-prep-xd7~FEMF",
"raw_glosses": [
"(with instrumental) found in numerous idioms"
],
"tags": [
"with-instrumental"
]
}
],
"word": "զ-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Armenian lemmas",
"Old Armenian prepositions",
"Old Armenian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Armenian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰō-",
"4": "",
"5": "behind; after; for"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰō- (“behind; after; for”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "за"
},
"expansion": "Russian за (za)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ažù",
"3": "",
"4": "behind, after, for, beyond"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian ažù (“behind, after, for, beyond”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "aiz",
"3": "àiz",
"4": "behind, beyond"
},
"expansion": "Latvian àiz (“behind, beyond”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰō- (“behind; after; for”). Cognates include Russian за (za), Lithuanian ažù (“behind, after, for, beyond”) and Latvian àiz (“behind, beyond”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "z-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ս-",
"roman": "s-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "prep"
},
"expansion": "զ- • (z-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I look",
"roman": "akanem",
"text": "ականեմ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I look intently",
"roman": "zakanem",
"text": "զականեմ",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Intensifying particle, appended to the word to amplify its meaning. Used extensively in Old Armenian, dead in modern Armenian."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to love God",
"roman": "sirel zAstuac",
"text": "սիրել զԱստուած",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to see the sun",
"roman": "tesanel zaregakn",
"text": "տեսանել զարեգակն",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to eat bread",
"roman": "utel zhacʻ",
"text": "ուտել զհաց",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "save us from evil!",
"roman": "pʻrkeá zmez i čʻarēn",
"text": "փրկեա՛ զմեզ ի չարէն",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"marking the definite accusative case"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to be afraid",
"roman": "zahi harkanel",
"text": "զահի հարկանել",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be shy",
"roman": "zamōtʻi harkanel",
"text": "զամօթի հարկանել",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to clap",
"roman": "capʻ zcapʻi harkanel",
"text": "ծափ զծափի հարկանել",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to (only with հարկանեմ (harkanem) and զարկեմ (zarkem))"
],
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"հարկանեմ",
"հարկանեմ#Old_Armenian"
],
[
"զարկեմ",
"զարկեմ#Old_Armenian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with dative) to (only with հարկանեմ (harkanem) and զարկեմ (zarkem))"
],
"tags": [
"with-dative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to speak of him",
"roman": "xōsel znmanē",
"text": "խօսել զնմանէ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "he who speaks ill of his father or mother shall die",
"roman": "or čʻaraxōsescʻē zhōrē kam zmōrē, mahu vaxčanescʻi",
"text": "որ չարախօսեսցէ զհօրէ կամ զմօրէ, մահու վախճանեսցի",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I am talking about whales and dolphins",
"roman": "zkitacʻn asem ew zdelpʻinacʻ",
"text": "զկիտացն ասեմ եւ զդելփինաց",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "what do these tell about you?",
"roman": "zinčʻ dokʻa zkʻēn vkayen",
"text": "զի՞նչ դոքա զքէն վկայեն",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "teaches about the good and the just and the bad",
"roman": "usucʻanē zbarwoy ew zardaroy ew zčʻarē",
"text": "ուսուցանէ զբարւոյ և զարդարոյ և զչարէ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I don't care about that thing",
"roman": "inj očʻ ē pʻoytʻ zaynmanē",
"text": "ինձ ոչ է փոյթ զայնմանէ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to complain about the brothers",
"roman": "trtnǰel zełbaracʻn",
"text": "տրտնջել զեղբարացն",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"about, of (this usage was called “narrative case” by older grammarians)"
],
"links": [
[
"about",
"about"
],
[
"of",
"of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with ablative) about, of (this usage was called “narrative case” by older grammarians)"
],
"tags": [
"with-ablative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "holding from his hand",
"roman": "aṙeal zjeṙanē nora",
"text": "առեալ զձեռանէ նորա",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "hanging from a high tower",
"roman": "kaxeal zbarjr zaštarakēn",
"text": "կախեալ զբարձր զաշտարակէն",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"from"
],
"links": [
[
"from",
"from"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with ablative) from"
],
"tags": [
"with-ablative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to go and fetch gold, or in order to bring gold",
"roman": "ertʻal zoskwoy",
"text": "երթալ զոսկւոյ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to send in order to bring water",
"roman": "aṙakʻel zǰroy",
"text": "առաքել զջրոյ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "he sends men with swift camels into Armenia to get the earth and the water",
"roman": "...tačik ułtukʻ arjakē i Hays ars zhołoy ew zǰroy",
"text": "...տաճիկ ուղտուք արձակէ ի Հայս արս զհողոյ և զջրոյ",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after, in order to obtain"
],
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with ablative) after, in order to obtain"
],
"tags": [
"with-ablative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "they were around the town",
"roman": "šurǰ zkʻałakʻawn ēin",
"text": "շուրջ զքաղաքաւն էին",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to put on him",
"roman": "arkanel znovaw",
"text": "արկանել զնովաւ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "around that time",
"roman": "zaynu žamanakaw",
"text": "զայնու ժամանակաւ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "around midnight",
"roman": "zhasarak gišeraw, zmēǰ gišeraw",
"text": "զհասարակ գիշերաւ, զմէջ գիշերաւ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "around 9 o'clock",
"roman": "zinn žamu",
"text": "զինն ժամու",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "fell around his neck",
"roman": "ankaw zparanocʻaw nora",
"text": "անկաւ զպարանոցաւ նորա",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"round, around, about (this usage was called “circumlative case” by older grammarians)"
],
"links": [
[
"round",
"round"
],
[
"around",
"around"
],
[
"about",
"about"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with instrumental) round, around, about (this usage was called “circumlative case” by older grammarians)"
],
"tags": [
"with-instrumental"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "and they don't cross the boundaries",
"roman": "ew očʻ ancʻanen zčʻapʻov",
"text": "եւ ոչ անցանեն զչափով",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "they were mocking the temple",
"roman": "ztačarawn aypn aṙnēin",
"text": "զտաճարաւն այպն առնէին",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to pass above the flame, to singe",
"roman": "acel zbocʻov",
"text": "ածել զբոցով",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to surpass, to surmount, to excel more than all",
"roman": "ancʻucʻanel zamenekʻumbkʻ",
"text": "անցուցանել զամենեքումբք",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"marks the indirect object with some verbs"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with instrumental) marks the indirect object with some verbs"
],
"tags": [
"with-instrumental"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to think",
"roman": "zmtaw acel",
"text": "զմտաւ ածել",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to die by sword",
"roman": "zsrov ertʻal",
"text": "զսրով երթալ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to fall in love",
"roman": "zsirov gal",
"text": "զսիրով գալ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to take care about oneself",
"roman": "zanjamb gal",
"text": "զանձամբ գալ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to obtain",
"roman": "zjeṙōkʻ acel",
"text": "զձեռօք ածել",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"found in numerous idioms"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with instrumental) found in numerous idioms"
],
"tags": [
"with-instrumental"
]
}
],
"word": "զ-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for զ- meaning in All languages combined (8.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (89ebc88 and e74c913). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.