"զ-" meaning in All languages combined

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵʰō-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "behind; after; for"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰō- (“behind; after; for”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "за"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian за (za)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "ažù",
        "3": "",
        "4": "behind, after, for, beyond"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian ažù (“behind, after, for, beyond”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "aiz",
        "3": "àiz",
        "4": "behind, beyond"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian àiz (“behind, beyond”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰō- (“behind; after; for”). Cognates include Russian за (za), Lithuanian ažù (“behind, after, for, beyond”) and Latvian àiz (“behind, beyond”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "substantive",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "preposition",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "substantive",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "substantive",
      "name": "xcl-prep"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Armenian",
  "lang_code": "xcl",
  "pos": "prep",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "84 4 1 2 1 1 1 3 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Armenian prepositions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ականեմ ― akanem ― I look\nզականեմ ― zakanem ― I look intently",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Intensifying particle, appended to the word to amplify its meaning. Used extensively in Old Armenian, dead in modern Armenian."
      ],
      "id": "զ--xcl-prep-bq9quhgY"
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to love God",
          "roman": "sirel zAstuac",
          "text": "սիրել զԱստուած",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to see the sun",
          "roman": "tesanel zaregakn",
          "text": "տեսանել զարեգակն",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to eat bread",
          "roman": "utel zhacʿ",
          "text": "ուտել զհաց",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "save us from evil!",
          "roman": "pʿrkeá zmez i čʿarēn",
          "text": "փրկեա՛ զմեզ ի չարէն",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "marking the definite accusative case"
      ],
      "id": "զ--xcl-prep-sJfNSlDU"
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to be afraid",
          "roman": "zahi harkanel",
          "text": "զահի հարկանել",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to be shy",
          "roman": "zamōtʿi harkanel",
          "text": "զամօթի հարկանել",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to clap",
          "roman": "capʿ zcapʿi harkanel",
          "text": "ծափ զծափի հարկանել",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to (only with հարկանեմ (harkanem) and զարկեմ (zarkem))"
      ],
      "id": "զ--xcl-prep-vO62YijK",
      "links": [
        [
          "to",
          "to"
        ],
        [
          "հարկանեմ",
          "հարկանեմ#Old Armenian"
        ],
        [
          "զարկեմ",
          "զարկեմ#Old Armenian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with dative) to (only with հարկանեմ (harkanem) and զարկեմ (zarkem))"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "with-dative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to speak of him",
          "roman": "xōsel znmanē",
          "text": "խօսել զնմանէ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "he who speaks ill of his father or mother shall die",
          "roman": "or čʿaraxōsescʿē zhōrē kam zmōrē, mahu vaxčanescʿi",
          "text": "որ չարախօսեսցէ զհօրէ կամ զմօրէ, մահու վախճանեսցի",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I am talking about whales and dolphins",
          "roman": "zkitacʿn asem ew zdelpʿinacʿ",
          "text": "զկիտացն ասեմ եւ զդելփինաց",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "what do these tell about you?",
          "roman": "zinčʿ dokʿa zkʿēn vkayen",
          "text": "զի՞նչ դոքա զքէն վկայեն",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "teaches about the good and the just and the bad",
          "roman": "usucʿanē zbarwoy ew zardaroy ew zčʿarē",
          "text": "ուսուցանէ զբարւոյ և զարդարոյ և զչարէ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I don't care about that thing",
          "roman": "inj očʿ ē pʿoytʿ zaynmanē",
          "text": "ինձ ոչ է փոյթ զայնմանէ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to complain about the brothers",
          "roman": "trtnǰel zełbaracʿn",
          "text": "տրտնջել զեղբարացն",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "about, of (this usage was called “narrative case” by older grammarians)"
      ],
      "id": "զ--xcl-prep-1gU1ezxF",
      "links": [
        [
          "about",
          "about"
        ],
        [
          "of",
          "of"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with ablative) about, of (this usage was called “narrative case” by older grammarians)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "with-ablative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "holding from his hand",
          "roman": "aṙeal zjeṙanē nora",
          "text": "առեալ զձեռանէ նորա",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "hanging from a high tower",
          "roman": "kaxeal zbarjr zaštarakēn",
          "text": "կախեալ զբարձր զաշտարակէն",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "from"
      ],
      "id": "զ--xcl-prep-dYV6RYmZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "from",
          "from"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with ablative) from"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "with-ablative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to go and fetch gold, or in order to bring gold",
          "roman": "ertʿal zoskwoy",
          "text": "երթալ զոսկւոյ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to send in order to bring water",
          "roman": "aṙakʿel zǰroy",
          "text": "առաքել զջրոյ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "he sends men with swift camels into Armenia to get the earth and the water",
          "roman": "...tačik ułtukʿ arjakē i Hays ars zhołoy ew zǰroy",
          "text": "...տաճիկ ուղտուք արձակէ ի Հայս արս զհողոյ և զջրոյ",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "after, in order to obtain"
      ],
      "id": "զ--xcl-prep-9XGMUUo5",
      "links": [
        [
          "after",
          "after"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with ablative) after, in order to obtain"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "with-ablative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "they were around the town",
          "roman": "šurǰ zkʿałakʿawn ēin",
          "text": "շուրջ զքաղաքաւն էին",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to put on him",
          "roman": "arkanel znovaw",
          "text": "արկանել զնովաւ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "around that time",
          "roman": "zaynu žamanakaw",
          "text": "զայնու ժամանակաւ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "around midnight",
          "roman": "zhasarak gišeraw, zmēǰ gišeraw",
          "text": "զհասարակ գիշերաւ, զմէջ գիշերաւ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "around 9 o'clock",
          "roman": "zinn žamu",
          "text": "զինն ժամու",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "fell around his neck",
          "roman": "ankaw zparanocʿaw nora",
          "text": "անկաւ զպարանոցաւ նորա",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "round, around, about (this usage was called “circumlative case” by older grammarians)"
      ],
      "id": "զ--xcl-prep-7yH3GkG-",
      "links": [
        [
          "round",
          "round"
        ],
        [
          "around",
          "around"
        ],
        [
          "about",
          "about"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with instrumental) round, around, about (this usage was called “circumlative case” by older grammarians)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "with-instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "and they don't cross the boundaries",
          "roman": "ew očʿ ancʿanen zčʿapʿov",
          "text": "եւ ոչ անցանեն զչափով",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "they were mocking the temple",
          "roman": "ztačarawn aypn aṙnēin",
          "text": "զտաճարաւն այպն առնէին",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to pass above the flame, to singe",
          "roman": "acel zbocʿov",
          "text": "ածել զբոցով",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to surpass, to surmount, to excel more than all",
          "roman": "ancʿucʿanel zamenekʿumbkʿ",
          "text": "անցուցանել զամենեքումբք",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "marks the indirect object with some verbs"
      ],
      "id": "զ--xcl-prep---3RKmcW",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with instrumental) marks the indirect object with some verbs"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "with-instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to think",
          "roman": "zmtaw acel",
          "text": "զմտաւ ածել",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to die by sword",
          "roman": "zsrov ertʿal",
          "text": "զսրով երթալ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to fall in love",
          "roman": "zsirov gal",
          "text": "զսիրով գալ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to take care about oneself",
          "roman": "zanjamb gal",
          "text": "զանձամբ գալ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to obtain",
          "roman": "zjeṙōkʿ acel",
          "text": "զձեռօք ածել",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "found in numerous idioms"
      ],
      "id": "զ--xcl-prep-xd7~FEMF",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with instrumental) found in numerous idioms"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "with-instrumental"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "before voiceless consonants and only for the first sense",
      "roman": "s-",
      "word": "ս-"
    }
  ],
  "word": "զ-"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Armenian lemmas",
    "Old Armenian prepositions",
    "Old Armenian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old Armenian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵʰō-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "behind; after; for"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰō- (“behind; after; for”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "за"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian за (za)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "ažù",
        "3": "",
        "4": "behind, after, for, beyond"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian ažù (“behind, after, for, beyond”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "aiz",
        "3": "àiz",
        "4": "behind, beyond"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian àiz (“behind, beyond”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰō- (“behind; after; for”). Cognates include Russian за (za), Lithuanian ažù (“behind, after, for, beyond”) and Latvian àiz (“behind, beyond”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "substantive",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "preposition",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "substantive",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "substantive",
      "name": "xcl-prep"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Armenian",
  "lang_code": "xcl",
  "pos": "prep",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ականեմ ― akanem ― I look\nզականեմ ― zakanem ― I look intently",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Intensifying particle, appended to the word to amplify its meaning. Used extensively in Old Armenian, dead in modern Armenian."
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to love God",
          "roman": "sirel zAstuac",
          "text": "սիրել զԱստուած",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to see the sun",
          "roman": "tesanel zaregakn",
          "text": "տեսանել զարեգակն",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to eat bread",
          "roman": "utel zhacʿ",
          "text": "ուտել զհաց",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "save us from evil!",
          "roman": "pʿrkeá zmez i čʿarēn",
          "text": "փրկեա՛ զմեզ ի չարէն",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "marking the definite accusative case"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to be afraid",
          "roman": "zahi harkanel",
          "text": "զահի հարկանել",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to be shy",
          "roman": "zamōtʿi harkanel",
          "text": "զամօթի հարկանել",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to clap",
          "roman": "capʿ zcapʿi harkanel",
          "text": "ծափ զծափի հարկանել",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to (only with հարկանեմ (harkanem) and զարկեմ (zarkem))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "to",
          "to"
        ],
        [
          "հարկանեմ",
          "հարկանեմ#Old Armenian"
        ],
        [
          "զարկեմ",
          "զարկեմ#Old Armenian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with dative) to (only with հարկանեմ (harkanem) and զարկեմ (zarkem))"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "with-dative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to speak of him",
          "roman": "xōsel znmanē",
          "text": "խօսել զնմանէ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "he who speaks ill of his father or mother shall die",
          "roman": "or čʿaraxōsescʿē zhōrē kam zmōrē, mahu vaxčanescʿi",
          "text": "որ չարախօսեսցէ զհօրէ կամ զմօրէ, մահու վախճանեսցի",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I am talking about whales and dolphins",
          "roman": "zkitacʿn asem ew zdelpʿinacʿ",
          "text": "զկիտացն ասեմ եւ զդելփինաց",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "what do these tell about you?",
          "roman": "zinčʿ dokʿa zkʿēn vkayen",
          "text": "զի՞նչ դոքա զքէն վկայեն",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "teaches about the good and the just and the bad",
          "roman": "usucʿanē zbarwoy ew zardaroy ew zčʿarē",
          "text": "ուսուցանէ զբարւոյ և զարդարոյ և զչարէ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I don't care about that thing",
          "roman": "inj očʿ ē pʿoytʿ zaynmanē",
          "text": "ինձ ոչ է փոյթ զայնմանէ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to complain about the brothers",
          "roman": "trtnǰel zełbaracʿn",
          "text": "տրտնջել զեղբարացն",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "about, of (this usage was called “narrative case” by older grammarians)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "about",
          "about"
        ],
        [
          "of",
          "of"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with ablative) about, of (this usage was called “narrative case” by older grammarians)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "with-ablative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "holding from his hand",
          "roman": "aṙeal zjeṙanē nora",
          "text": "առեալ զձեռանէ նորա",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "hanging from a high tower",
          "roman": "kaxeal zbarjr zaštarakēn",
          "text": "կախեալ զբարձր զաշտարակէն",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "from"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "from",
          "from"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with ablative) from"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "with-ablative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to go and fetch gold, or in order to bring gold",
          "roman": "ertʿal zoskwoy",
          "text": "երթալ զոսկւոյ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to send in order to bring water",
          "roman": "aṙakʿel zǰroy",
          "text": "առաքել զջրոյ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "he sends men with swift camels into Armenia to get the earth and the water",
          "roman": "...tačik ułtukʿ arjakē i Hays ars zhołoy ew zǰroy",
          "text": "...տաճիկ ուղտուք արձակէ ի Հայս արս զհողոյ և զջրոյ",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "after, in order to obtain"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "after",
          "after"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with ablative) after, in order to obtain"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "with-ablative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "they were around the town",
          "roman": "šurǰ zkʿałakʿawn ēin",
          "text": "շուրջ զքաղաքաւն էին",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to put on him",
          "roman": "arkanel znovaw",
          "text": "արկանել զնովաւ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "around that time",
          "roman": "zaynu žamanakaw",
          "text": "զայնու ժամանակաւ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "around midnight",
          "roman": "zhasarak gišeraw, zmēǰ gišeraw",
          "text": "զհասարակ գիշերաւ, զմէջ գիշերաւ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "around 9 o'clock",
          "roman": "zinn žamu",
          "text": "զինն ժամու",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "fell around his neck",
          "roman": "ankaw zparanocʿaw nora",
          "text": "անկաւ զպարանոցաւ նորա",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "round, around, about (this usage was called “circumlative case” by older grammarians)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "round",
          "round"
        ],
        [
          "around",
          "around"
        ],
        [
          "about",
          "about"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with instrumental) round, around, about (this usage was called “circumlative case” by older grammarians)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "with-instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "and they don't cross the boundaries",
          "roman": "ew očʿ ancʿanen zčʿapʿov",
          "text": "եւ ոչ անցանեն զչափով",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "they were mocking the temple",
          "roman": "ztačarawn aypn aṙnēin",
          "text": "զտաճարաւն այպն առնէին",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to pass above the flame, to singe",
          "roman": "acel zbocʿov",
          "text": "ածել զբոցով",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to surpass, to surmount, to excel more than all",
          "roman": "ancʿucʿanel zamenekʿumbkʿ",
          "text": "անցուցանել զամենեքումբք",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "marks the indirect object with some verbs"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with instrumental) marks the indirect object with some verbs"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "with-instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to think",
          "roman": "zmtaw acel",
          "text": "զմտաւ ածել",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to die by sword",
          "roman": "zsrov ertʿal",
          "text": "զսրով երթալ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to fall in love",
          "roman": "zsirov gal",
          "text": "զսիրով գալ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to take care about oneself",
          "roman": "zanjamb gal",
          "text": "զանձամբ գալ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to obtain",
          "roman": "zjeṙōkʿ acel",
          "text": "զձեռօք ածել",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "found in numerous idioms"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with instrumental) found in numerous idioms"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "with-instrumental"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "english": "before voiceless consonants and only for the first sense",
      "roman": "s-",
      "word": "ս-"
    }
  ],
  "word": "զ-"
}