See ёрш on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jeršítʹsja",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ерши́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jeršístyj",
"word": "ерши́стый"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "joršši",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ingrian: joršši",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ingrian: joršši"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sjd",
"2": "ёаҏҏьш",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Kildin Sami: ёаҏҏьш (jår̥r̥’š)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Kildin Sami: ёаҏҏьш (jår̥r̥’š)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*jerъxь",
"t": "something thorny, jagged"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *jerъxь (“something thorny, jagged”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "йорж",
"t": "ruffe"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian йорж (jorž, “ruffe”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "еро́шить",
"t": "to ruffle"
},
"expansion": "Russian еро́шить (jeróšitʹ, “to ruffle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "еро́ховый",
"t": "branchy, gnarly"
},
"expansion": "Russian еро́ховый (jeróxovyj, “branchy, gnarly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "erškė̃tis"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian erškė̃tis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ẽršk̨is",
"t": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "Latvian ẽršk̨is (“thorn”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Slavic *jerъxь (“something thorny, jagged”), from *(j)erъx-.\nPer Vasmer, the original meaning (still found dialectally) was \"jagged nail\". In the contemporary sense attested since late 15th century.\nCognate with Ukrainian йорж (jorž, “ruffe”). Compare also Russian еро́шить (jeróšitʹ, “to ruffle”), Russian еро́ховый (jeróxovyj, “branchy, gnarly”) (about a tree or wood, dialectal), Lithuanian erškė̃tis, Latvian ẽršk̨is (“thorn”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jorš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ерша́",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ерши́",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ерше́й",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ёршик",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sibilant-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ёрш",
"roman": "jórš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ерши́",
"roman": "jerší",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ерша́",
"roman": "jeršá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ерше́й",
"roman": "jeršéj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ершу́",
"roman": "jeršú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ерша́м",
"roman": "jeršám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ерша́",
"roman": "jeršá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"animate",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ерше́й",
"roman": "jeršéj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"animate",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ёрш",
"roman": "jórš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"inanimate",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ерши́",
"roman": "jerší",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"inanimate",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ершо́м",
"roman": "jeršóm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ерша́ми",
"roman": "jeršámi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ерше́",
"roman": "jeršé",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ерша́х",
"roman": "jeršáx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "b",
"a": "ai",
"dim": "ёршик"
},
"expansion": "ёрш • (jorš) m anim or m inan (genitive ерша́, nominative plural ерши́, genitive plural ерше́й, diminutive ёршик)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jeróšitʹ",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "еро́шить"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "vzʺjeróšitʹ",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "взъеро́шить"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "58 21 7 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "73 17 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "60 32 3 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "69 23 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 27 12 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with multiple animacies",
"parents": [
"Nouns with multiple animacies",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 13 6 5",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Perch and darters",
"orig": "ru:Perch and darters",
"parents": [
"Percoid fish",
"Fish",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A crucian and a ruff had an argument. The crucian held that one could make a living honestly, while the ruff insisted that one couldn't avoid being artful.",
"ref": "1884, Михаил Салтыков-Щедрин [Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin], Карась-идеалист; English translation from Dorian Rottenberg, transl., The Idealistic Crucian, Moscow: Foreign Languages Publishing House, (Please provide a date or year):",
"roman": "Karásʹ s jeršóm spóril. Karásʹ govoríl, što móžno na svéte odnóju právdoju prožítʹ, a jorš utverždál, što nelʹzjá bez tovó obojtísʹ, štob ne slukávitʹ.",
"text": "Кара́сь с ершо́м спо́рил. Кара́сь говори́л, что мо́жно на све́те одно́ю пра́вдою прожи́ть, а ёрш утвержда́л, что нельзя́ без того́ обойти́сь, чтоб не слука́вить.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernua syn. Acerina cernua)"
],
"id": "en-ёрш-ru-noun-4Rp-hUQu",
"links": [
[
"ruffe",
"ruffe"
],
[
"Gymnocephalus cernua",
"Gymnocephalus cernua#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 44 21 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 51 8 20",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Cleaning",
"orig": "ru:Cleaning",
"parents": [
"Home",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 71 23 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "ru:Tools",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bristle brush, bottle brush"
],
"id": "en-ёрш-ru-noun-VmlLWjXi",
"links": [
[
"bristle",
"bristle"
],
[
"brush",
"brush"
],
[
"bottle brush",
"bottle brush"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"go-devil"
],
"id": "en-ёрш-ru-noun-XZ7GtOuL",
"links": [
[
"go-devil",
"go-devil"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 10 2 57",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Alcoholic beverages",
"orig": "ru:Alcoholic beverages",
"parents": [
"Beverages",
"Recreational drugs",
"Drinking",
"Food and drink",
"Liquids",
"Drugs",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Matter",
"Pharmacology",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Biochemistry",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Health",
"Body"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mixture of vodka and beer"
],
"id": "en-ёрш-ru-noun-Wde23Fbe",
"links": [
[
"mixture",
"mixture"
],
[
"of",
"of"
],
[
"vodka",
"vodka"
],
[
"and",
"and"
],
[
"beer",
"beer"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[jɵrʂ]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-ерш.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/Ru-%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88.ogg/Ru-%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Ru-%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88.ogg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ru:ёрш"
],
"word": "ёрш"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Russian 1-syllable words",
"Russian animate nouns",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian inanimate nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Russian masculine nouns",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern b",
"Russian nouns with multiple animacies",
"Russian sibilant-stem masculine-form accent-b nouns",
"Russian sibilant-stem masculine-form nouns",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian terms with redundant head parameter",
"ru:Alcoholic beverages",
"ru:Cleaning",
"ru:Perch and darters",
"ru:Tools"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "jeršítʹsja",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ерши́ться"
},
{
"roman": "jeršístyj",
"word": "ерши́стый"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "joršši",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ingrian: joršši",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ingrian: joršši"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sjd",
"2": "ёаҏҏьш",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Kildin Sami: ёаҏҏьш (jår̥r̥’š)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Kildin Sami: ёаҏҏьш (jår̥r̥’š)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*jerъxь",
"t": "something thorny, jagged"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *jerъxь (“something thorny, jagged”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "йорж",
"t": "ruffe"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian йорж (jorž, “ruffe”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "еро́шить",
"t": "to ruffle"
},
"expansion": "Russian еро́шить (jeróšitʹ, “to ruffle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "еро́ховый",
"t": "branchy, gnarly"
},
"expansion": "Russian еро́ховый (jeróxovyj, “branchy, gnarly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "erškė̃tis"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian erškė̃tis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ẽršk̨is",
"t": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "Latvian ẽršk̨is (“thorn”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Slavic *jerъxь (“something thorny, jagged”), from *(j)erъx-.\nPer Vasmer, the original meaning (still found dialectally) was \"jagged nail\". In the contemporary sense attested since late 15th century.\nCognate with Ukrainian йорж (jorž, “ruffe”). Compare also Russian еро́шить (jeróšitʹ, “to ruffle”), Russian еро́ховый (jeróxovyj, “branchy, gnarly”) (about a tree or wood, dialectal), Lithuanian erškė̃tis, Latvian ẽršk̨is (“thorn”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jorš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ерша́",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ерши́",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ерше́й",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ёршик",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sibilant-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ёрш",
"roman": "jórš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ерши́",
"roman": "jerší",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ерша́",
"roman": "jeršá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ерше́й",
"roman": "jeršéj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ершу́",
"roman": "jeršú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ерша́м",
"roman": "jeršám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ерша́",
"roman": "jeršá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"animate",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ерше́й",
"roman": "jeršéj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"animate",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ёрш",
"roman": "jórš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"inanimate",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ерши́",
"roman": "jerší",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"inanimate",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ершо́м",
"roman": "jeršóm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ерша́ми",
"roman": "jeršámi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ерше́",
"roman": "jeršé",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ерша́х",
"roman": "jeršáx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "b",
"a": "ai",
"dim": "ёршик"
},
"expansion": "ёрш • (jorš) m anim or m inan (genitive ерша́, nominative plural ерши́, genitive plural ерше́й, diminutive ёршик)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "jeróšitʹ",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "еро́шить"
},
{
"roman": "vzʺjeróšitʹ",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "взъеро́шить"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Russian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A crucian and a ruff had an argument. The crucian held that one could make a living honestly, while the ruff insisted that one couldn't avoid being artful.",
"ref": "1884, Михаил Салтыков-Щедрин [Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin], Карась-идеалист; English translation from Dorian Rottenberg, transl., The Idealistic Crucian, Moscow: Foreign Languages Publishing House, (Please provide a date or year):",
"roman": "Karásʹ s jeršóm spóril. Karásʹ govoríl, što móžno na svéte odnóju právdoju prožítʹ, a jorš utverždál, što nelʹzjá bez tovó obojtísʹ, štob ne slukávitʹ.",
"text": "Кара́сь с ершо́м спо́рил. Кара́сь говори́л, что мо́жно на све́те одно́ю пра́вдою прожи́ть, а ёрш утвержда́л, что нельзя́ без того́ обойти́сь, чтоб не слука́вить.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernua syn. Acerina cernua)"
],
"links": [
[
"ruffe",
"ruffe"
],
[
"Gymnocephalus cernua",
"Gymnocephalus cernua#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bristle brush, bottle brush"
],
"links": [
[
"bristle",
"bristle"
],
[
"brush",
"brush"
],
[
"bottle brush",
"bottle brush"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"go-devil"
],
"links": [
[
"go-devil",
"go-devil"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"mixture of vodka and beer"
],
"links": [
[
"mixture",
"mixture"
],
[
"of",
"of"
],
[
"vodka",
"vodka"
],
[
"and",
"and"
],
[
"beer",
"beer"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[jɵrʂ]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-ерш.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/Ru-%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88.ogg/Ru-%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Ru-%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88.ogg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ru:ёрш"
],
"word": "ёрш"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ёрш meaning in All languages combined (7.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.