"хрипеть" meaning in All languages combined

See хрипеть on Wiktionary

Verb [Russian]

IPA: [xrʲɪˈpʲetʲ] Audio: LL-Q7737 (rus)-Rominf-хрипеть.wav
Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xripěti. By surface analysis, хрип (xrip) + -е́ть (-étʹ) Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|ru|sla-pro|*xripěti|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Slavic *xripěti, {{inh+|ru|sla-pro|*xripěti}} Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xripěti, {{surf|ru|хрип|-е́ть}} By surface analysis, хрип (xrip) + -е́ть (-étʹ) Head templates: {{ru-verb|хрипе́ть|impf}} хрипе́ть • (xripétʹ) impf Inflection templates: {{ru-conj|impf-intr|5b|хрипе́ть}} Forms: хрипе́ть [canonical], xripétʹ [romanization], imperfective intransitive [table-tags], хрипе́ть [imperfective, infinitive], хрипя́щий [active, participle, present], хрипе́вший [active, participle, past], - [participle, passive, present], - [participle, passive, past], хрипя́ [adverbial, participle, present], хрипе́в [adverbial, participle, past], хрипе́вши [adverbial, participle, past], хриплю́ [first-person, present, singular], бу́ду хрипе́ть [first-person, future, singular], хрипи́шь [present, second-person, singular], бу́дешь хрипе́ть [future, second-person, singular], хрипи́т [present, singular, third-person], бу́дет хрипе́ть [future, singular, third-person], хрипи́м [first-person, plural, present], бу́дем хрипе́ть [first-person, future, plural], хрипи́те [plural, present, second-person], бу́дете хрипе́ть [future, plural, second-person], хрипя́т [plural, present, third-person], бу́дут хрипе́ть [future, plural, third-person], хрипи́ [imperative, singular], хрипи́те [imperative, plural], хрипе́л [masculine, past, singular], хрипе́ли [masculine, past, plural], хрипе́ла [feminine, past, singular], хрипе́ли [feminine, past, plural], хрипе́ло [neuter, past, singular], хрипе́ли [neuter, past, plural]
  1. to wheeze Synonyms: сопе́ть
    Sense id: en-хрипеть-ru-verb-50fjXOCg
  2. (colloquial) to speak hoarsely, to croak Tags: colloquial
    Sense id: en-хрипеть-ru-verb-GKg6hhO- Categories (other): Russian entries with incorrect language header, Russian terms suffixed with -еть Disambiguation of Russian entries with incorrect language header: 13 68 19 Disambiguation of Russian terms suffixed with -еть: 22 56 22
  3. (colloquial) to crackle Tags: colloquial
    Sense id: en-хрипеть-ru-verb-HNsFHAA2
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: захрипе́ть (zaxripétʹ), похрипе́ть (poxripétʹ), прохрипе́ть (proxripétʹ) Related terms: хри́пнуть (xrípnutʹ), хри́плый (xríplyj), хрипота́ (xripotá), хрипотца́ (xripotcá), хрипу́н (xripún)

Download JSON data for хрипеть meaning in All languages combined (6.9kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "zaxripétʹ",
      "word": "захрипе́ть"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "poxripétʹ",
      "word": "похрипе́ть"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "proxripétʹ",
      "word": "прохрипе́ть"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*xripěti",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xripěti",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*xripěti"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xripěti",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "хрип",
        "3": "-е́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, хрип (xrip) + -е́ть (-étʹ)",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xripěti. By surface analysis, хрип (xrip) + -е́ть (-étʹ)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "хрипе́ть",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "xripétʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective intransitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "5b imperfective intransitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипе́ть",
      "roman": "xripétʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипя́щий",
      "roman": "xripjáščij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипе́вший",
      "roman": "xripévšij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипя́",
      "roman": "xripjá",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипе́в",
      "roman": "xripév",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипе́вши",
      "roman": "xripévši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хриплю́",
      "roman": "xripljú",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́ду хрипе́ть",
      "roman": "búdu xripétʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипи́шь",
      "roman": "xripíšʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дешь хрипе́ть",
      "roman": "búdešʹ xripétʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипи́т",
      "roman": "xripít",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дет хрипе́ть",
      "roman": "búdet xripétʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипи́м",
      "roman": "xripím",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дем хрипе́ть",
      "roman": "búdem xripétʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипи́те",
      "roman": "xripíte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дете хрипе́ть",
      "roman": "búdete xripétʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипя́т",
      "roman": "xripját",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дут хрипе́ть",
      "roman": "búdut xripétʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипи́",
      "roman": "xripí",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипи́те",
      "roman": "xripíte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипе́л",
      "roman": "xripél",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипе́ли",
      "roman": "xripéli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипе́ла",
      "roman": "xripéla",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипе́ли",
      "roman": "xripéli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипе́ло",
      "roman": "xripélo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипе́ли",
      "roman": "xripéli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "хрипе́ть",
        "2": "impf"
      },
      "expansion": "хрипе́ть • (xripétʹ) impf",
      "name": "ru-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf-intr",
        "2": "5b",
        "3": "хрипе́ть"
      },
      "name": "ru-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "xrípnutʹ",
      "word": "хри́пнуть"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "xríplyj",
      "word": "хри́плый"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "xripotá",
      "word": "хрипота́"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "xripotcá",
      "word": "хрипотца́"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "xripún",
      "word": "хрипу́н"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to wheeze"
      ],
      "id": "en-хрипеть-ru-verb-50fjXOCg",
      "links": [
        [
          "wheeze",
          "wheeze"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "сопе́ть"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 68 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 56 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian terms suffixed with -еть",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to speak hoarsely, to croak"
      ],
      "id": "en-хрипеть-ru-verb-GKg6hhO-",
      "links": [
        [
          "speak",
          "speak"
        ],
        [
          "hoarsely",
          "hoarsely"
        ],
        [
          "croak",
          "croak"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial) to speak hoarsely, to croak"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "the radio is crackling",
          "roman": "rádio xripít",
          "text": "ра́дио хрипи́т",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to crackle"
      ],
      "id": "en-хрипеть-ru-verb-HNsFHAA2",
      "links": [
        [
          "crackle",
          "crackle"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial) to crackle"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[xrʲɪˈpʲetʲ]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q7737 (rus)-Rominf-хрипеть.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5b/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Rominf-%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C.wav/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Rominf-%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5b/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Rominf-%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C.wav/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Rominf-%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "хрипеть"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Russian 2-syllable words",
    "Russian class 5 verbs",
    "Russian class 5b verbs",
    "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Russian imperfective verbs",
    "Russian intransitive verbs",
    "Russian lemmas",
    "Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
    "Russian terms suffixed with -еть",
    "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Russian terms with audio links",
    "Russian verbs"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "zaxripétʹ",
      "word": "захрипе́ть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "poxripétʹ",
      "word": "похрипе́ть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "proxripétʹ",
      "word": "прохрипе́ть"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*xripěti",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xripěti",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*xripěti"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xripěti",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "хрип",
        "3": "-е́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, хрип (xrip) + -е́ть (-étʹ)",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xripěti. By surface analysis, хрип (xrip) + -е́ть (-étʹ)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "хрипе́ть",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "xripétʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective intransitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "5b imperfective intransitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипе́ть",
      "roman": "xripétʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипя́щий",
      "roman": "xripjáščij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипе́вший",
      "roman": "xripévšij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипя́",
      "roman": "xripjá",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипе́в",
      "roman": "xripév",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипе́вши",
      "roman": "xripévši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хриплю́",
      "roman": "xripljú",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́ду хрипе́ть",
      "roman": "búdu xripétʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипи́шь",
      "roman": "xripíšʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дешь хрипе́ть",
      "roman": "búdešʹ xripétʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипи́т",
      "roman": "xripít",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дет хрипе́ть",
      "roman": "búdet xripétʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипи́м",
      "roman": "xripím",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дем хрипе́ть",
      "roman": "búdem xripétʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипи́те",
      "roman": "xripíte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дете хрипе́ть",
      "roman": "búdete xripétʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипя́т",
      "roman": "xripját",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дут хрипе́ть",
      "roman": "búdut xripétʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипи́",
      "roman": "xripí",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипи́те",
      "roman": "xripíte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипе́л",
      "roman": "xripél",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипе́ли",
      "roman": "xripéli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипе́ла",
      "roman": "xripéla",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипе́ли",
      "roman": "xripéli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипе́ло",
      "roman": "xripélo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "хрипе́ли",
      "roman": "xripéli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "хрипе́ть",
        "2": "impf"
      },
      "expansion": "хрипе́ть • (xripétʹ) impf",
      "name": "ru-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf-intr",
        "2": "5b",
        "3": "хрипе́ть"
      },
      "name": "ru-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "xrípnutʹ",
      "word": "хри́пнуть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xríplyj",
      "word": "хри́плый"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xripotá",
      "word": "хрипота́"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xripotcá",
      "word": "хрипотца́"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xripún",
      "word": "хрипу́н"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to wheeze"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wheeze",
          "wheeze"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "сопе́ть"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Russian colloquialisms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to speak hoarsely, to croak"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "speak",
          "speak"
        ],
        [
          "hoarsely",
          "hoarsely"
        ],
        [
          "croak",
          "croak"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial) to speak hoarsely, to croak"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Russian colloquialisms",
        "Russian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "the radio is crackling",
          "roman": "rádio xripít",
          "text": "ра́дио хрипи́т",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to crackle"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "crackle",
          "crackle"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial) to crackle"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[xrʲɪˈpʲetʲ]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q7737 (rus)-Rominf-хрипеть.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5b/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Rominf-%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C.wav/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Rominf-%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5b/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Rominf-%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C.wav/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Rominf-%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "хрипеть"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.