"стыдить" meaning in All languages combined

See стыдить on Wiktionary

Verb [Russian]

IPA: [stɨˈdʲitʲ]
Etymology: стыд (styd) + -и́ть (-ítʹ) Etymology templates: {{af|ru|стыд|-и́ть}} стыд (styd) + -и́ть (-ítʹ) Head templates: {{ru-verb|стыди́ть|impf}} стыди́ть • (stydítʹ) impf Inflection templates: {{ru-conj|impf|4b|стыди́ть}} Forms: стыди́ть [canonical], stydítʹ [romanization], imperfective transitive [table-tags], стыди́ть [imperfective, infinitive], стыдя́щий [active, participle, present], стыди́вший [active, participle, past], стыди́мый [participle, passive, present], - [participle, passive, past], стыдя́ [adverbial, participle, present], стыди́в [adverbial, participle, past], стыди́вши [adverbial, participle, past], стыжу́ [first-person, present, singular], бу́ду стыди́ть [first-person, future, singular], стыди́шь [present, second-person, singular], бу́дешь стыди́ть [future, second-person, singular], стыди́т [present, singular, third-person], бу́дет стыди́ть [future, singular, third-person], стыди́м [first-person, plural, present], бу́дем стыди́ть [first-person, future, plural], стыди́те [plural, present, second-person], бу́дете стыди́ть [future, plural, second-person], стыдя́т [plural, present, third-person], бу́дут стыди́ть [future, plural, third-person], стыди́ [imperative, singular], стыди́те [imperative, plural], стыди́л [masculine, past, singular], стыди́ли [masculine, past, plural], стыди́ла [feminine, past, singular], стыди́ли [feminine, past, plural], стыди́ло [neuter, past, singular], стыди́ли [neuter, past, plural]
  1. to reproach, to shame
    Sense id: en-стыдить-ru-verb-8oqITs7T
  2. (colloquial) to defame, to dishonor Tags: colloquial
    Sense id: en-стыдить-ru-verb-eb-kyJkC Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Russian entries with incorrect language header, Russian terms suffixed with -ить Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 40 60 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 28 72 Disambiguation of Russian entries with incorrect language header: 22 78 Disambiguation of Russian terms suffixed with -ить: 25 75
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: стыди́ться (stydítʹsja) [imperfective], застыди́ть (zastydítʹ) [perfective], застыди́ться (zastydítʹsja) [perfective], постыди́ть (postydítʹ) [perfective], постыди́ться (postydítʹsja) [perfective], пристыди́ть (pristydítʹ) [perfective], пристыжа́ть (pristyžátʹ) [imperfective], устыди́ть (ustydítʹ) [perfective], устыжа́ть (ustyžátʹ) [imperfective], устыди́ться (ustydítʹsja) [perfective], устыжа́ться (ustyžátʹsja) [imperfective] Related terms: стыд (styd), сты́дный (stýdnyj), сты́дно (stýdno), стыдли́вый (stydlívyj), стыдли́во (stydlívo), стыдли́вость (stydlívostʹ), стыдо́ба (stydóba), стыть (stytʹ) [imperfective], осты́ть (ostýtʹ) [perfective], сты́нуть (stýnutʹ) [imperfective], засты́нуть (zastýnutʹ) [perfective], осты́нуть (ostýnutʹ) [perfective]
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "stydítʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "стыди́ться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "zastydítʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "застыди́ть"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "zastydítʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "застыди́ться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "postydítʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "постыди́ть"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "postydítʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "постыди́ться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "pristydítʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "пристыди́ть"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "pristyžátʹ",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "пристыжа́ть"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "ustydítʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "устыди́ть"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "ustyžátʹ",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "устыжа́ть"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "ustydítʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "устыди́ться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "ustyžátʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "устыжа́ться"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "стыд",
        "3": "-и́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "стыд (styd) + -и́ть (-ítʹ)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "стыд (styd) + -и́ть (-ítʹ)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "стыди́ть",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stydítʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "4b imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́ть",
      "roman": "stydítʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыдя́щий",
      "roman": "stydjáščij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́вший",
      "roman": "stydívšij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́мый",
      "roman": "stydímyj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыдя́",
      "roman": "stydjá",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́в",
      "roman": "stydív",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́вши",
      "roman": "stydívši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыжу́",
      "roman": "styžú",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́ду стыди́ть",
      "roman": "búdu stydítʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́шь",
      "roman": "stydíšʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дешь стыди́ть",
      "roman": "búdešʹ stydítʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́т",
      "roman": "stydít",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дет стыди́ть",
      "roman": "búdet stydítʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́м",
      "roman": "stydím",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дем стыди́ть",
      "roman": "búdem stydítʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́те",
      "roman": "stydíte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дете стыди́ть",
      "roman": "búdete stydítʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыдя́т",
      "roman": "stydját",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дут стыди́ть",
      "roman": "búdut stydítʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́",
      "roman": "stydí",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́те",
      "roman": "stydíte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́л",
      "roman": "stydíl",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́ли",
      "roman": "stydíli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́ла",
      "roman": "stydíla",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́ли",
      "roman": "stydíli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́ло",
      "roman": "stydílo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́ли",
      "roman": "stydíli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "стыди́ть",
        "2": "impf"
      },
      "expansion": "стыди́ть • (stydítʹ) impf",
      "name": "ru-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "2": "4b",
        "3": "стыди́ть"
      },
      "name": "ru-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "styd",
      "word": "стыд"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "stýdnyj",
      "word": "сты́дный"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "stýdno",
      "word": "сты́дно"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "stydlívyj",
      "word": "стыдли́вый"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "stydlívo",
      "word": "стыдли́во"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "stydlívostʹ",
      "word": "стыдли́вость"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "stydóba",
      "word": "стыдо́ба"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "stytʹ",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "стыть"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "ostýtʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "осты́ть"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "stýnutʹ",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "сты́нуть"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "zastýnutʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "засты́нуть"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "ostýnutʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "осты́нуть"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to reproach, to shame"
      ],
      "id": "en-стыдить-ru-verb-8oqITs7T",
      "links": [
        [
          "reproach",
          "reproach"
        ],
        [
          "shame",
          "shame"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "40 60",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 72",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 78",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 75",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian terms suffixed with -ить",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to defame, to dishonor"
      ],
      "id": "en-стыдить-ru-verb-eb-kyJkC",
      "links": [
        [
          "defame",
          "defame"
        ],
        [
          "dishonor",
          "dishonor"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial) to defame, to dishonor"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[stɨˈdʲitʲ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "стыдить"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Russian 2-syllable words",
    "Russian class 4 verbs",
    "Russian class 4b verbs",
    "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Russian imperfective verbs",
    "Russian lemmas",
    "Russian terms suffixed with -ить",
    "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Russian transitive verbs",
    "Russian verbs"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "stydítʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "стыди́ться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zastydítʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "застыди́ть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zastydítʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "застыди́ться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "postydítʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "постыди́ть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "postydítʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "постыди́ться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pristydítʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "пристыди́ть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pristyžátʹ",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "пристыжа́ть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ustydítʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "устыди́ть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ustyžátʹ",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "устыжа́ть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ustydítʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "устыди́ться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ustyžátʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "устыжа́ться"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "стыд",
        "3": "-и́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "стыд (styd) + -и́ть (-ítʹ)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "стыд (styd) + -и́ть (-ítʹ)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "стыди́ть",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stydítʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "4b imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́ть",
      "roman": "stydítʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыдя́щий",
      "roman": "stydjáščij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́вший",
      "roman": "stydívšij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́мый",
      "roman": "stydímyj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыдя́",
      "roman": "stydjá",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́в",
      "roman": "stydív",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́вши",
      "roman": "stydívši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыжу́",
      "roman": "styžú",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́ду стыди́ть",
      "roman": "búdu stydítʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́шь",
      "roman": "stydíšʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дешь стыди́ть",
      "roman": "búdešʹ stydítʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́т",
      "roman": "stydít",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дет стыди́ть",
      "roman": "búdet stydítʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́м",
      "roman": "stydím",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дем стыди́ть",
      "roman": "búdem stydítʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́те",
      "roman": "stydíte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дете стыди́ть",
      "roman": "búdete stydítʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыдя́т",
      "roman": "stydját",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дут стыди́ть",
      "roman": "búdut stydítʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́",
      "roman": "stydí",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́те",
      "roman": "stydíte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́л",
      "roman": "stydíl",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́ли",
      "roman": "stydíli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́ла",
      "roman": "stydíla",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́ли",
      "roman": "stydíli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́ло",
      "roman": "stydílo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "стыди́ли",
      "roman": "stydíli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "стыди́ть",
        "2": "impf"
      },
      "expansion": "стыди́ть • (stydítʹ) impf",
      "name": "ru-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "2": "4b",
        "3": "стыди́ть"
      },
      "name": "ru-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "styd",
      "word": "стыд"
    },
    {
      "roman": "stýdnyj",
      "word": "сты́дный"
    },
    {
      "roman": "stýdno",
      "word": "сты́дно"
    },
    {
      "roman": "stydlívyj",
      "word": "стыдли́вый"
    },
    {
      "roman": "stydlívo",
      "word": "стыдли́во"
    },
    {
      "roman": "stydlívostʹ",
      "word": "стыдли́вость"
    },
    {
      "roman": "stydóba",
      "word": "стыдо́ба"
    },
    {
      "roman": "stytʹ",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "стыть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ostýtʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "осты́ть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "stýnutʹ",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "сты́нуть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zastýnutʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "засты́нуть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ostýnutʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "осты́нуть"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to reproach, to shame"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "reproach",
          "reproach"
        ],
        [
          "shame",
          "shame"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Russian colloquialisms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to defame, to dishonor"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "defame",
          "defame"
        ],
        [
          "dishonor",
          "dishonor"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial) to defame, to dishonor"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[stɨˈdʲitʲ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "стыдить"
}

Download raw JSONL data for стыдить meaning in All languages combined (6.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (4ba5975 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.