See пъна on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pǎ́nkam",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"semelfactive"
],
"word": "пъ́нкам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pǎnkávja se",
"word": "пънка́вя се"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "to struggle",
"roman": "pǎnkótja se",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "пънко́тя се"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "izpǎna",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "изпъна"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "izpǎvam",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "изпъвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "izpinjam",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "изпиням"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "opǎna",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "опъна"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "opǎvam",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "опъвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "opinjam",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "опиням"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "prepǎna",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "препъна"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "prepǎvam",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "препъвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "prepinjam",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "препиням"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "spǎna",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "спъна"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "to trip",
"roman": "spǎvam",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "спъвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "razpǎna",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разпъна"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "razpǎvam",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "разпъвам"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pęti",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pęti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pęti"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pęti",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pęti, *pьnati.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "пъ́на",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "pǎ́na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нещ",
"roman": "pǎ́nešt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нал",
"roman": "pǎ́nal",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́л",
"roman": "pǎnál",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нел",
"roman": "pǎ́nel",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нат",
"roman": "pǎ́nat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нейки",
"roman": "pǎ́nejki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нещият",
"roman": "pǎ́neštijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"present",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́налият",
"roman": "pǎ́nalijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́лият",
"roman": "pǎnálijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́натият",
"roman": "pǎ́natijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нейки",
"roman": "pǎ́nejki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нещия",
"roman": "pǎ́neštija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́налия",
"roman": "pǎ́nalija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́лия",
"roman": "pǎnálija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́натия",
"roman": "pǎ́natija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нейки",
"roman": "pǎ́nejki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́неща",
"roman": "pǎ́nešta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нала",
"roman": "pǎ́nala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́ла",
"roman": "pǎnála",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нела",
"roman": "pǎ́nela",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́ната",
"roman": "pǎ́nata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нейки",
"roman": "pǎ́nejki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нещата",
"roman": "pǎ́neštata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́налата",
"roman": "pǎ́nalata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́лата",
"roman": "pǎnálata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́натата",
"roman": "pǎ́natata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нейки",
"roman": "pǎ́nejki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нещо",
"roman": "pǎ́nešto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нало",
"roman": "pǎ́nalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́ло",
"roman": "pǎnálo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нело",
"roman": "pǎ́nelo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нато",
"roman": "pǎ́nato",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нене",
"roman": "pǎ́nene",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нейки",
"roman": "pǎ́nejki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нещото",
"roman": "pǎ́neštoto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́налото",
"roman": "pǎ́naloto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́лото",
"roman": "pǎnáloto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́натото",
"roman": "pǎ́natoto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́ненето",
"roman": "pǎ́neneto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нейки",
"roman": "pǎ́nejki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нещи",
"roman": "pǎ́nešti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нали",
"roman": "pǎ́nali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́ли",
"roman": "pǎnáli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нели",
"roman": "pǎ́neli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нати",
"roman": "pǎ́nati",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нения",
"roman": "pǎ́nenija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́ненета",
"roman": "pǎ́neneta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нейки",
"roman": "pǎ́nejki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нещите",
"roman": "pǎ́neštite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"participle",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́налите",
"roman": "pǎ́nalite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́лите",
"roman": "pǎnálite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́натите",
"roman": "pǎ́natite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́ненията",
"roman": "pǎ́nenijata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́ненетата",
"roman": "pǎ́nenetata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нейки",
"roman": "pǎ́nejki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́на",
"roman": "pǎ́na",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́неш",
"roman": "pǎ́neš",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́не",
"roman": "pǎ́ne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нем",
"roman": "pǎ́nem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нете",
"roman": "pǎ́nete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нат",
"roman": "pǎ́nat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нех",
"roman": "pǎ́neh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́неше",
"roman": "pǎ́neše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́неше",
"roman": "pǎ́neše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нехме",
"roman": "pǎ́nehme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нехте",
"roman": "pǎ́nehte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́неха",
"roman": "pǎ́neha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нах",
"roman": "pǎ́nah",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́х",
"roman": "pǎnáh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́на",
"roman": "pǎ́na",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́",
"roman": "pǎná",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́на",
"roman": "pǎ́na",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́",
"roman": "pǎná",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нахме",
"roman": "pǎ́nahme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́хме",
"roman": "pǎnáhme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нахте",
"roman": "pǎ́nahte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́хте",
"roman": "pǎnáhte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́наха",
"roman": "pǎ́naha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́ха",
"roman": "pǎnáha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "none",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dubitative",
"past",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "пъни́",
"roman": "pǎní",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пъне́те",
"roman": "pǎnéte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "пъ́на",
"2": "impf"
},
"expansion": "пъ́на • (pǎ́na) first-singular present indicative, impf",
"name": "bg-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "пъ́на<1.2.impf.tr>"
},
"name": "bg-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 9 18 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 7 17 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 5 19 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "55 0 15 30",
"roman": "zapǎna se",
"sense": "запъна pf (zapǎna), запъвам impf (zapǎvam), запиням impf (zapinjam)",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "запъна се"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 0 15 30",
"roman": "zapǎvam se",
"sense": "запъна pf (zapǎna), запъвам impf (zapǎvam), запиням impf (zapinjam)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "запъвам се"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 4 18 27",
"roman": "napǎna se",
"sense": "напъна pf (napǎna), напъвам impf (napǎvam), напиням impf (napinjam)",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "напъна се"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 4 18 27",
"roman": "napǎvam se",
"sense": "напъна pf (napǎna), напъвам impf (napǎvam), напиням impf (napinjam)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "напъвам се"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to stretch, to strain, to tense up"
],
"id": "en-пъна-bg-verb-25RAtQpC",
"links": [
[
"stretch",
"stretch"
],
[
"strain",
"strain"
],
[
"tense up",
"tense up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to stretch, to strain, to tense up"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "разтя́гам"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to trip up, to topple"
],
"id": "en-пъна-bg-verb-VWLBytnP",
"links": [
[
"trip up",
"trip up"
],
[
"topple",
"topple"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to trip up, to topple"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 9 18 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 7 17 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 5 19 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to toil, to struggle, to try tediously (usually + да (da) + thing to be done/tried)"
],
"id": "en-пъна-bg-verb-eeCbvPQ6",
"links": [
[
"се",
"се#Bulgarian"
],
[
"toil",
"toil"
],
[
"struggle",
"struggle"
],
[
"try",
"try"
],
[
"да",
"да#Bulgarian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with се) to toil, to struggle, to try tediously (usually + да (da) + thing to be done/tried)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with се"
],
"tags": [
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 9 18 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 7 17 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 5 19 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
8,
17
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
8
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
8
]
],
"english": "lit: to hang back as a donkey on a bridge",
"roman": "pǎ́na se kató magáre na most",
"text": "пъ́на се като́ мага́ре на мост",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to act stubbornly, to disobey, to shy away"
],
"id": "en-пъна-bg-verb-yMc-VGz1",
"links": [
[
"се",
"се#Bulgarian"
],
[
"stubborn",
"stubborn"
],
[
"disobey",
"disobey"
],
[
"shy away",
"shy away"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with се, figurative) to act stubbornly, to disobey, to shy away"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with се"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "инатя́ се"
},
{
"word": "упо́рствам"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɤnɐ]"
}
],
"word": "пъна"
}
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian conjugation 1.2 verbs",
"Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Bulgarian imperfective verbs",
"Bulgarian lemmas",
"Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Bulgarian transitive verbs",
"Bulgarian verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "pǎ́nkam",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"semelfactive"
],
"word": "пъ́нкам"
},
{
"roman": "pǎnkávja se",
"word": "пънка́вя се"
},
{
"english": "to struggle",
"roman": "pǎnkótja se",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "пънко́тя се"
},
{
"roman": "izpǎna",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "изпъна"
},
{
"roman": "izpǎvam",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "изпъвам"
},
{
"roman": "izpinjam",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "изпиням"
},
{
"roman": "zapǎna se",
"sense": "запъна pf (zapǎna), запъвам impf (zapǎvam), запиням impf (zapinjam)",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "запъна се"
},
{
"roman": "zapǎvam se",
"sense": "запъна pf (zapǎna), запъвам impf (zapǎvam), запиням impf (zapinjam)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "запъвам се"
},
{
"roman": "napǎna se",
"sense": "напъна pf (napǎna), напъвам impf (napǎvam), напиням impf (napinjam)",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "напъна се"
},
{
"roman": "napǎvam se",
"sense": "напъна pf (napǎna), напъвам impf (napǎvam), напиням impf (napinjam)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "напъвам се"
},
{
"roman": "opǎna",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "опъна"
},
{
"roman": "opǎvam",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "опъвам"
},
{
"roman": "opinjam",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "опиням"
},
{
"roman": "prepǎna",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "препъна"
},
{
"roman": "prepǎvam",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "препъвам"
},
{
"roman": "prepinjam",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "препиням"
},
{
"roman": "spǎna",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "спъна"
},
{
"english": "to trip",
"roman": "spǎvam",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "спъвам"
},
{
"roman": "razpǎna",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разпъна"
},
{
"roman": "razpǎvam",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "разпъвам"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pęti",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pęti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pęti"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pęti",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pęti, *pьnati.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "пъ́на",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "pǎ́na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нещ",
"roman": "pǎ́nešt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нал",
"roman": "pǎ́nal",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́л",
"roman": "pǎnál",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нел",
"roman": "pǎ́nel",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нат",
"roman": "pǎ́nat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нейки",
"roman": "pǎ́nejki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нещият",
"roman": "pǎ́neštijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"present",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́налият",
"roman": "pǎ́nalijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́лият",
"roman": "pǎnálijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́натият",
"roman": "pǎ́natijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нейки",
"roman": "pǎ́nejki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нещия",
"roman": "pǎ́neštija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́налия",
"roman": "pǎ́nalija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́лия",
"roman": "pǎnálija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́натия",
"roman": "pǎ́natija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нейки",
"roman": "pǎ́nejki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́неща",
"roman": "pǎ́nešta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нала",
"roman": "pǎ́nala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́ла",
"roman": "pǎnála",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нела",
"roman": "pǎ́nela",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́ната",
"roman": "pǎ́nata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нейки",
"roman": "pǎ́nejki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нещата",
"roman": "pǎ́neštata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́налата",
"roman": "pǎ́nalata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́лата",
"roman": "pǎnálata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́натата",
"roman": "pǎ́natata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нейки",
"roman": "pǎ́nejki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нещо",
"roman": "pǎ́nešto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нало",
"roman": "pǎ́nalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́ло",
"roman": "pǎnálo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нело",
"roman": "pǎ́nelo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нато",
"roman": "pǎ́nato",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нене",
"roman": "pǎ́nene",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нейки",
"roman": "pǎ́nejki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нещото",
"roman": "pǎ́neštoto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́налото",
"roman": "pǎ́naloto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́лото",
"roman": "pǎnáloto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́натото",
"roman": "pǎ́natoto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́ненето",
"roman": "pǎ́neneto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нейки",
"roman": "pǎ́nejki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нещи",
"roman": "pǎ́nešti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нали",
"roman": "pǎ́nali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́ли",
"roman": "pǎnáli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нели",
"roman": "pǎ́neli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нати",
"roman": "pǎ́nati",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нения",
"roman": "pǎ́nenija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́ненета",
"roman": "pǎ́neneta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нейки",
"roman": "pǎ́nejki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нещите",
"roman": "pǎ́neštite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"participle",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́налите",
"roman": "pǎ́nalite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́лите",
"roman": "pǎnálite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́натите",
"roman": "pǎ́natite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́ненията",
"roman": "pǎ́nenijata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́ненетата",
"roman": "pǎ́nenetata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нейки",
"roman": "pǎ́nejki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́на",
"roman": "pǎ́na",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́неш",
"roman": "pǎ́neš",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́не",
"roman": "pǎ́ne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нем",
"roman": "pǎ́nem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нете",
"roman": "pǎ́nete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нат",
"roman": "pǎ́nat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нех",
"roman": "pǎ́neh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́неше",
"roman": "pǎ́neše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́неше",
"roman": "pǎ́neše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нехме",
"roman": "pǎ́nehme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нехте",
"roman": "pǎ́nehte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́неха",
"roman": "pǎ́neha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нах",
"roman": "pǎ́nah",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́х",
"roman": "pǎnáh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́на",
"roman": "pǎ́na",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́",
"roman": "pǎná",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́на",
"roman": "pǎ́na",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́",
"roman": "pǎná",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нахме",
"roman": "pǎ́nahme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́хме",
"roman": "pǎnáhme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́нахте",
"roman": "pǎ́nahte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́хте",
"roman": "pǎnáhte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "пъ́наха",
"roman": "pǎ́naha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "пъна́ха",
"roman": "pǎnáha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "none",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dubitative",
"past",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "пъни́",
"roman": "pǎní",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пъне́те",
"roman": "pǎnéte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "пъ́на",
"2": "impf"
},
"expansion": "пъ́на • (pǎ́na) first-singular present indicative, impf",
"name": "bg-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "пъ́на<1.2.impf.tr>"
},
"name": "bg-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to stretch, to strain, to tense up"
],
"links": [
[
"stretch",
"stretch"
],
[
"strain",
"strain"
],
[
"tense up",
"tense up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to stretch, to strain, to tense up"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "разтя́гам"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to trip up, to topple"
],
"links": [
[
"trip up",
"trip up"
],
[
"topple",
"topple"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to trip up, to topple"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to toil, to struggle, to try tediously (usually + да (da) + thing to be done/tried)"
],
"links": [
[
"се",
"се#Bulgarian"
],
[
"toil",
"toil"
],
[
"struggle",
"struggle"
],
[
"try",
"try"
],
[
"да",
"да#Bulgarian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with се) to toil, to struggle, to try tediously (usually + да (da) + thing to be done/tried)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with се"
],
"tags": [
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian reflexive verbs",
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
8,
17
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
8
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
8
]
],
"english": "lit: to hang back as a donkey on a bridge",
"roman": "pǎ́na se kató magáre na most",
"text": "пъ́на се като́ мага́ре на мост",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to act stubbornly, to disobey, to shy away"
],
"links": [
[
"се",
"се#Bulgarian"
],
[
"stubborn",
"stubborn"
],
[
"disobey",
"disobey"
],
[
"shy away",
"shy away"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with се, figurative) to act stubbornly, to disobey, to shy away"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with се"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "инатя́ се"
},
{
"word": "упо́рствам"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɤnɐ]"
}
],
"word": "пъна"
}
Download raw JSONL data for пъна meaning in All languages combined (17.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.