See курок on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for курок meaning in All languages combined (9.9kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "kurokka",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ingrian: kurokka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ingrian: kurokka"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "кур",
"3": "-ок"
},
"expansion": "кур (kur) + -ок (-ok)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "кур (kur) + -ок (-ok)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "куро́к",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kurók",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "курка́",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "курки́",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "курко́в",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "velar-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "куро́к",
"roman": "kurók",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курки́",
"roman": "kurkí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "курка́",
"roman": "kurká",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курко́в",
"roman": "kurkóv",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "курку́",
"roman": "kurkú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курка́м",
"roman": "kurkám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "куро́к",
"roman": "kurók",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курки́",
"roman": "kurkí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "курко́м",
"roman": "kurkóm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курка́ми",
"roman": "kurkámi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "курке́",
"roman": "kurké",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курка́х",
"roman": "kurkáx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "b",
"2": "куро́к",
"3": "*"
},
"expansion": "куро́к • (kurók) m inan (genitive курка́, nominative plural курки́, genitive plural курко́в)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "58 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian terms suffixed with -ок",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Firearms",
"orig": "ru:Firearms",
"parents": [
"Weapons",
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cock, cocking piece (hammer of a firearm trigger mechanism)"
],
"id": "en-курок-ru-noun-AmOXIWAL",
"links": [
[
"cock",
"cock"
],
[
"cocking",
"cocking"
],
[
"piece",
"piece"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with reducible stem",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian terms suffixed with -ок",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Firearms",
"orig": "ru:Firearms",
"parents": [
"Weapons",
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"trigger (a finger-operated lever used to fire a gun)"
],
"id": "en-курок-ru-noun-mFj7DAFx",
"links": [
[
"trigger",
"trigger"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, proscribed) trigger (a finger-operated lever used to fire a gun)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "соба́чка"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"proscribed"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kʊˈrok]"
}
],
"word": "курок"
}
{
"etymology_text": ".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "куро́к",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kurók",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "курка́",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "курки́",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "куркі́в",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "uk-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "куро́к",
"roman": "kurók",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курки́",
"roman": "kurký",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "курка́",
"roman": "kurká",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "куркі́в",
"roman": "kurkív",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "курко́ві",
"roman": "kurkóvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курку́",
"roman": "kurkú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курка́м",
"roman": "kurkám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "куро́к",
"roman": "kurók",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курки́",
"roman": "kurký",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "курко́м",
"roman": "kurkóm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курка́ми",
"roman": "kurkámy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "курко́ві",
"roman": "kurkóvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курку́",
"roman": "kurkú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курка́х",
"roman": "kurkáx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "курку́",
"roman": "kurkú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "курки́",
"roman": "kurký",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "куро́к<*>"
},
"expansion": "куро́к • (kurók) m inan (genitive курка́, nominative plural курки́, genitive plural куркі́в)",
"name": "uk-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "куро́к<*>"
},
"name": "uk-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 25 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 27 26 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 28 26 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian nouns with reducible stem",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cock, cocking piece (hammer of a firearm trigger mechanism)"
],
"id": "en-курок-uk-noun-AmOXIWAL",
"links": [
[
"cock",
"cock"
],
[
"cocking",
"cocking"
],
[
"piece",
"piece"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 27 26 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 28 26 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian nouns with reducible stem",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"trigger (a finger-operated lever used to fire a gun)"
],
"id": "en-курок-uk-noun-mFj7DAFx",
"links": [
[
"trigger",
"trigger"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, proscribed) trigger (a finger-operated lever used to fire a gun)"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"proscribed"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kʊˈrɔk]"
}
],
"word": "курок"
}
{
"etymology_text": ".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "куро́к",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kurók",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f-anml-p",
"g10": "",
"g11": "",
"g12": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"g4": "",
"g5": "",
"g6": "",
"g7": "",
"g8": "",
"g9": "",
"head": "куро́к",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": "",
"head6": "",
"tr": "",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": "",
"tr4": "",
"tr5": "",
"tr6": ""
},
"expansion": "куро́к • (kurók) f animal pl",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "куро́к",
"2": "f-anml-p"
},
"expansion": "куро́к • (kurók) f animal pl",
"name": "uk-noun form"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 27 26 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 28 26 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian nouns with reducible stem",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of ку́рка (kúrka):",
"genitive plural"
],
"id": "en-курок-uk-noun-B6TbdNPE",
"links": [
[
"ку́рка",
"курка#Ukrainian"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "курки́"
}
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 27 26 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 28 26 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian nouns with reducible stem",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of ку́рка (kúrka):",
"accusative plural"
],
"id": "en-курок-uk-noun-Tfm91oo7",
"links": [
[
"ку́рка",
"курка#Ukrainian"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "курки́"
}
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kʊˈrɔk]"
}
],
"word": "курок"
}
{
"categories": [
"Russian 2-syllable words",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian inanimate nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Russian masculine nouns",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern b",
"Russian nouns with reducible stem",
"Russian terms suffixed with -ок",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian velar-stem masculine-form accent-b nouns",
"Russian velar-stem masculine-form nouns",
"ru:Firearms"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "kurokka",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ingrian: kurokka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ingrian: kurokka"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "кур",
"3": "-ок"
},
"expansion": "кур (kur) + -ок (-ok)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "кур (kur) + -ок (-ok)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "куро́к",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kurók",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "курка́",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "курки́",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "курко́в",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "velar-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "куро́к",
"roman": "kurók",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курки́",
"roman": "kurkí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "курка́",
"roman": "kurká",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курко́в",
"roman": "kurkóv",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "курку́",
"roman": "kurkú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курка́м",
"roman": "kurkám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "куро́к",
"roman": "kurók",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курки́",
"roman": "kurkí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "курко́м",
"roman": "kurkóm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курка́ми",
"roman": "kurkámi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "курке́",
"roman": "kurké",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курка́х",
"roman": "kurkáx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "b",
"2": "куро́к",
"3": "*"
},
"expansion": "куро́к • (kurók) m inan (genitive курка́, nominative plural курки́, genitive plural курко́в)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cock, cocking piece (hammer of a firearm trigger mechanism)"
],
"links": [
[
"cock",
"cock"
],
[
"cocking",
"cocking"
],
[
"piece",
"piece"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Russian colloquialisms",
"Russian proscribed terms"
],
"glosses": [
"trigger (a finger-operated lever used to fire a gun)"
],
"links": [
[
"trigger",
"trigger"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, proscribed) trigger (a finger-operated lever used to fire a gun)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "соба́чка"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"proscribed"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kʊˈrok]"
}
],
"word": "курок"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ukrainian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ukrainian inanimate nouns",
"Ukrainian lemmas",
"Ukrainian masculine nouns",
"Ukrainian non-lemma forms",
"Ukrainian noun forms",
"Ukrainian nouns",
"Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern b",
"Ukrainian nouns with reducible stem",
"Ukrainian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ukrainian velar-stem masculine-form accent-b nouns",
"Ukrainian velar-stem masculine-form nouns"
],
"etymology_text": ".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "куро́к",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kurók",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "курка́",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "курки́",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "куркі́в",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "uk-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "куро́к",
"roman": "kurók",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курки́",
"roman": "kurký",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "курка́",
"roman": "kurká",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "куркі́в",
"roman": "kurkív",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "курко́ві",
"roman": "kurkóvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курку́",
"roman": "kurkú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курка́м",
"roman": "kurkám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "куро́к",
"roman": "kurók",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курки́",
"roman": "kurký",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "курко́м",
"roman": "kurkóm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курка́ми",
"roman": "kurkámy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "курко́ві",
"roman": "kurkóvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курку́",
"roman": "kurkú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "курка́х",
"roman": "kurkáx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "курку́",
"roman": "kurkú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "курки́",
"roman": "kurký",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "куро́к<*>"
},
"expansion": "куро́к • (kurók) m inan (genitive курка́, nominative plural курки́, genitive plural куркі́в)",
"name": "uk-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "куро́к<*>"
},
"name": "uk-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cock, cocking piece (hammer of a firearm trigger mechanism)"
],
"links": [
[
"cock",
"cock"
],
[
"cocking",
"cocking"
],
[
"piece",
"piece"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ukrainian colloquialisms",
"Ukrainian proscribed terms"
],
"glosses": [
"trigger (a finger-operated lever used to fire a gun)"
],
"links": [
[
"trigger",
"trigger"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, proscribed) trigger (a finger-operated lever used to fire a gun)"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"proscribed"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kʊˈrɔk]"
}
],
"word": "курок"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ukrainian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ukrainian inanimate nouns",
"Ukrainian lemmas",
"Ukrainian masculine nouns",
"Ukrainian non-lemma forms",
"Ukrainian noun forms",
"Ukrainian nouns",
"Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern b",
"Ukrainian nouns with reducible stem",
"Ukrainian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ukrainian velar-stem masculine-form accent-b nouns",
"Ukrainian velar-stem masculine-form nouns"
],
"etymology_text": ".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "куро́к",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kurók",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f-anml-p",
"g10": "",
"g11": "",
"g12": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"g4": "",
"g5": "",
"g6": "",
"g7": "",
"g8": "",
"g9": "",
"head": "куро́к",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": "",
"head6": "",
"tr": "",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": "",
"tr4": "",
"tr5": "",
"tr6": ""
},
"expansion": "куро́к • (kurók) f animal pl",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "куро́к",
"2": "f-anml-p"
},
"expansion": "куро́к • (kurók) f animal pl",
"name": "uk-noun form"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"inflection of ку́рка (kúrka):",
"genitive plural"
],
"links": [
[
"ку́рка",
"курка#Ukrainian"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "курки́"
}
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"inflection of ку́рка (kúrka):",
"accusative plural"
],
"links": [
[
"ку́рка",
"курка#Ukrainian"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "курки́"
}
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kʊˈrɔk]"
}
],
"word": "курок"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (ae36afe and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.