"жестокий" meaning in All languages combined

See жестокий on Wiktionary

Adjective [Russian]

IPA: [ʐɨˈstokʲɪj] Audio: Ru-жестокий.ogg
Etymology: Inherited from Old East Slavic жестокъ (žestokŭ), from Proto-Slavic *žestokъ. Cognate to жёсткий (žóstkij). Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|ru|orv|жестокъ|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old East Slavic жестокъ (žestokŭ), {{inh+|ru|orv|жестокъ}} Inherited from Old East Slavic жестокъ (žestokŭ), {{inh|ru|sla-pro|*žestokъ}} Proto-Slavic *žestokъ, {{m|ru|жёсткий}} жёсткий (žóstkij) Head templates: {{ru-adj|жесто́кий|awkward-+a'}} жесто́кий • (žestókij) (rare/awkward comparative (по)жесто́че) Inflection templates: {{ru-decl-adj|жесто́кий|a'}} Forms: жесто́кий [canonical], žestókij [romanization], (по)жесто́че [comparative, rare], no-table-tags [table-tags], жесто́кий [masculine, nominative], жесто́кое [neuter, nominative], жесто́кая [feminine, nominative], жесто́кие [nominative, plural], жесто́кого [genitive, masculine, neuter], жесто́кой [feminine, genitive], жесто́ких [genitive, plural], жесто́кому [dative, masculine, neuter], жесто́кой [dative, feminine], жесто́ким [dative, plural], жесто́кого [accusative, animate, masculine], жесто́кое [accusative, neuter], жесто́кую [accusative, feminine], жесто́ких [accusative, animate, plural], жесто́кий [accusative, inanimate, masculine], жесто́кие [accusative, inanimate, plural], жесто́ким [instrumental, masculine, neuter], жесто́кой [feminine, instrumental], жесто́кою [feminine, instrumental], жесто́кими [instrumental, plural], жесто́ком [masculine, neuter, prepositional], жесто́кой [feminine, prepositional], жесто́ких [plural, prepositional], жесто́к [masculine, short-form], жесто́ко [neuter, short-form], жестока́ [feminine, short-form], жесто́ка [feminine, short-form], жесто́ки [plural, short-form]
  1. cruel
    Sense id: en-жестокий-ru-adj-tMoy17Db Categories (other): Russian adjectives with short accent pattern aʹ, Russian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Russian adjectives with short accent pattern aʹ: 56 44 Disambiguation of Russian entries with incorrect language header: 49 51
  2. brutal, savage
    Sense id: en-жестокий-ru-adj-9i0Q1yYr Categories (other): Russian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Russian entries with incorrect language header: 49 51
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: суро́вый (suróvyj), безжа́лостный (bezžálostnyj) Derived forms: жесто́кость (žestókostʹ) [feminine], ожесточённый (ožestočónnyj), ожесточа́ться (ožestočátʹsja) [imperfective], ожесточи́ть (ožestočítʹ) [perfective], ужесточа́ть (užestočátʹ) [imperfective], ужесточа́ться (užestočátʹsja) [imperfective], жесто́ко (žestóko)

Download JSON data for жестокий meaning in All languages combined (6.9kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "žestókostʹ",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "жесто́кость"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "ožestočónnyj",
      "word": "ожесточённый"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "ožestočátʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "ожесточа́ться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "ožestočítʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "ожесточи́ть"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "užestočátʹ",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "ужесточа́ть"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "užestočátʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "ужесточа́ться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "žestóko",
      "word": "жесто́ко"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "orv",
        "3": "жестокъ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old East Slavic жестокъ (žestokŭ)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "orv",
        "3": "жестокъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic жестокъ (žestokŭ)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*žestokъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *žestokъ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "жёсткий"
      },
      "expansion": "жёсткий (žóstkij)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic жестокъ (žestokŭ), from Proto-Slavic *žestokъ. Cognate to жёсткий (žóstkij).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "жесто́кий",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žestókij",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(по)жесто́че",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-decl-adj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aʹ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кий",
      "roman": "žestókij",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кое",
      "roman": "žestókoje",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кая",
      "roman": "žestókaja",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кие",
      "roman": "žestókije",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кого",
      "roman": "žestókovo",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кой",
      "roman": "žestókoj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́ких",
      "roman": "žestókix",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кому",
      "roman": "žestókomu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кой",
      "roman": "žestókoj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́ким",
      "roman": "žestókim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кого",
      "roman": "žestókovo",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "animate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кое",
      "roman": "žestókoje",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кую",
      "roman": "žestókuju",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́ких",
      "roman": "žestókix",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "animate",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кий",
      "roman": "žestókij",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кие",
      "roman": "žestókije",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "inanimate",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́ким",
      "roman": "žestókim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кой",
      "roman": "žestókoj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кою",
      "roman": "žestókoju",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кими",
      "roman": "žestókimi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́ком",
      "roman": "žestókom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кой",
      "roman": "žestókoj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́ких",
      "roman": "žestókix",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́к",
      "roman": "žestók",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "short-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́ко",
      "roman": "žestóko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "short-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жестока́",
      "roman": "žestoká",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "short-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́ка",
      "roman": "žestóka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "short-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́ки",
      "roman": "žestóki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "short-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "жесто́кий",
        "2": "awkward-+a'"
      },
      "expansion": "жесто́кий • (žestókij) (rare/awkward comparative (по)жесто́че)",
      "name": "ru-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "жесто́кий",
        "2": "a'"
      },
      "name": "ru-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "56 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian adjectives with short accent pattern aʹ",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cruel"
      ],
      "id": "en-жестокий-ru-adj-tMoy17Db",
      "links": [
        [
          "cruel",
          "cruel"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "brutal, savage"
      ],
      "id": "en-жестокий-ru-adj-9i0Q1yYr",
      "links": [
        [
          "brutal",
          "brutal"
        ],
        [
          "savage",
          "savage"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʐɨˈstokʲɪj]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ru-жестокий.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/Ru-%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9.ogg/Ru-%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/Ru-%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "suróvyj",
      "word": "суро́вый"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "bezžálostnyj",
      "word": "безжа́лостный"
    }
  ],
  "word": "жестокий"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Russian 3-syllable words",
    "Russian adjectives",
    "Russian adjectives with short accent pattern aʹ",
    "Russian adjectives with short forms",
    "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Russian lemmas",
    "Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic",
    "Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic",
    "Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
    "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Russian terms with audio links",
    "Russian velar-stem stem-stressed adjectives"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "žestókostʹ",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "жесто́кость"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ožestočónnyj",
      "word": "ожесточённый"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ožestočátʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "ожесточа́ться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ožestočítʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "ожесточи́ть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "užestočátʹ",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "ужесточа́ть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "užestočátʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "ужесточа́ться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "žestóko",
      "word": "жесто́ко"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "orv",
        "3": "жестокъ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old East Slavic жестокъ (žestokŭ)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "orv",
        "3": "жестокъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic жестокъ (žestokŭ)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*žestokъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *žestokъ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "жёсткий"
      },
      "expansion": "жёсткий (žóstkij)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic жестокъ (žestokŭ), from Proto-Slavic *žestokъ. Cognate to жёсткий (žóstkij).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "жесто́кий",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žestókij",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(по)жесто́че",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-decl-adj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aʹ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кий",
      "roman": "žestókij",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кое",
      "roman": "žestókoje",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кая",
      "roman": "žestókaja",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кие",
      "roman": "žestókije",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кого",
      "roman": "žestókovo",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кой",
      "roman": "žestókoj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́ких",
      "roman": "žestókix",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кому",
      "roman": "žestókomu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кой",
      "roman": "žestókoj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́ким",
      "roman": "žestókim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кого",
      "roman": "žestókovo",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "animate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кое",
      "roman": "žestókoje",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кую",
      "roman": "žestókuju",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́ких",
      "roman": "žestókix",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "animate",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кий",
      "roman": "žestókij",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кие",
      "roman": "žestókije",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "inanimate",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́ким",
      "roman": "žestókim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кой",
      "roman": "žestókoj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кою",
      "roman": "žestókoju",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кими",
      "roman": "žestókimi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́ком",
      "roman": "žestókom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́кой",
      "roman": "žestókoj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́ких",
      "roman": "žestókix",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́к",
      "roman": "žestók",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "short-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́ко",
      "roman": "žestóko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "short-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жестока́",
      "roman": "žestoká",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "short-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́ка",
      "roman": "žestóka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "short-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "жесто́ки",
      "roman": "žestóki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "short-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "жесто́кий",
        "2": "awkward-+a'"
      },
      "expansion": "жесто́кий • (žestókij) (rare/awkward comparative (по)жесто́че)",
      "name": "ru-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "жесто́кий",
        "2": "a'"
      },
      "name": "ru-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "cruel"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cruel",
          "cruel"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "brutal, savage"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "brutal",
          "brutal"
        ],
        [
          "savage",
          "savage"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʐɨˈstokʲɪj]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ru-жестокий.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/Ru-%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9.ogg/Ru-%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/Ru-%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "suróvyj",
      "word": "суро́вый"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bezžálostnyj",
      "word": "безжа́лостный"
    }
  ],
  "word": "жестокий"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.