See елха on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "toponym",
"word": "Елхово"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "alder wood",
"roman": "elhóvina",
"word": "елхо́вина"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "juniper",
"roman": "elhóvnik",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "елхо́вник"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*olьxa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *olьxa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ёлка",
"3": "",
"4": "spruce"
},
"expansion": "Russian ёлка (jólka, “spruce”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *olьxa ~ *jelьxa (“alder”). Bulgarian descendants stem from variants with prothetic *j-, which has been subsequently eliminated (except dialectally).\nOriginally, the word seems to have referred broadly to any deciduous tree or even generally to any arboreal plant. This sense was apparently used in naming the Christmas tree. Since Christmas in Bulgaria occurs during winter, the later is traditionally made of some type of evergreen conifer. Eventually, this caused semantic drift towards coniferous trees. The similarity to (etymologically unrelated) ела́ (elá, “fir”) may have also facilitated the shift. Compare Russian ёлка (jólka, “spruce”) (< *edlъka).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "елха́",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "elhá",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "елхо́в",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "елхи́ца",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "елха́",
"roman": "elhá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "елхи́",
"roman": "elhí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "елха́та",
"roman": "elháta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "елхи́те",
"roman": "elhíte",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "елха́",
"2": "f",
"adj": "елхо́в",
"dim": "елхи́ца"
},
"expansion": "елха́ • (elhá) f (relational adjective елхо́в, diminutive елхи́ца)",
"name": "bg-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "black alder, Alnus glutinosa",
"roman": "čérna elhá",
"word": "че́рна елха́"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "grey alder, Alnus incana",
"roman": "síva elhá",
"word": "си́ва елха́"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "green alder, Alnus viridis",
"roman": "literally: mountain alder",
"word": "плани́нска елха́"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "елха́<>"
},
"name": "bg-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "élša, “alder”",
"word": "е́лша"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of е́лша (élša, “alder”)"
],
"id": "en-елха-bg-noun-mHZI5Shw",
"links": [
[
"е́лша",
"елша#Bulgarian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) Alternative form of е́лша (élša, “alder”)"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 65 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 63 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 84 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 82 9",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "bg",
"name": "Birch family plants",
"orig": "bg:Birch family plants",
"parents": [
"Fagales order plants",
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 82 9",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "bg",
"name": "Trees",
"orig": "bg:Trees",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 73 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "bg",
"name": "Christmas",
"orig": "bg:Christmas",
"parents": [
"Christianity",
"Holidays",
"Abrahamism",
"Observances",
"Religion",
"Calendar",
"Culture",
"Timekeeping",
"Society",
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Christmas tree",
"roman": "kóledna elhá",
"text": "ко́ледна елха́",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "New Year's tree",
"roman": "novogodíšna elhá",
"text": "новогоди́шна елха́",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"decorated tree (typically an evergreen one, e.g. firs or spruces)"
],
"id": "en-елха-bg-noun-FT28OEw2",
"links": [
[
"decorated",
"decorated"
],
[
"tree",
"tree"
],
[
"evergreen",
"evergreen"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"conifer (usually fir)"
],
"id": "en-елха-bg-noun-DnznXd5V",
"links": [
[
"conifer",
"conifer"
],
[
"fir",
"fir"
]
],
"qualifier": "by generalization",
"raw_glosses": [
"(by generalization) conifer (usually fir)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ела́"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɛɫˈxa]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7918 (bul)-Kiril kovachev-елха.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev-%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B0.wav/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev-%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B0.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev-%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B0.wav/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev-%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B0.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "Strandzha dialects",
"roman": "élha",
"word": "е́лха"
}
],
"word": "елха"
}
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Bulgarian feminine nouns",
"Bulgarian lemmas",
"Bulgarian nouns",
"Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"bg:Birch family plants",
"bg:Christmas",
"bg:Trees"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "toponym",
"word": "Елхово"
},
{
"english": "alder wood",
"roman": "elhóvina",
"word": "елхо́вина"
},
{
"english": "juniper",
"roman": "elhóvnik",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "елхо́вник"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*olьxa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *olьxa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ёлка",
"3": "",
"4": "spruce"
},
"expansion": "Russian ёлка (jólka, “spruce”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *olьxa ~ *jelьxa (“alder”). Bulgarian descendants stem from variants with prothetic *j-, which has been subsequently eliminated (except dialectally).\nOriginally, the word seems to have referred broadly to any deciduous tree or even generally to any arboreal plant. This sense was apparently used in naming the Christmas tree. Since Christmas in Bulgaria occurs during winter, the later is traditionally made of some type of evergreen conifer. Eventually, this caused semantic drift towards coniferous trees. The similarity to (etymologically unrelated) ела́ (elá, “fir”) may have also facilitated the shift. Compare Russian ёлка (jólka, “spruce”) (< *edlъka).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "елха́",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "elhá",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "елхо́в",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "елхи́ца",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "елха́",
"roman": "elhá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "елхи́",
"roman": "elhí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "елха́та",
"roman": "elháta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "елхи́те",
"roman": "elhíte",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "елха́",
"2": "f",
"adj": "елхо́в",
"dim": "елхи́ца"
},
"expansion": "елха́ • (elhá) f (relational adjective елхо́в, diminutive елхи́ца)",
"name": "bg-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"english": "black alder, Alnus glutinosa",
"roman": "čérna elhá",
"word": "че́рна елха́"
},
{
"english": "grey alder, Alnus incana",
"roman": "síva elhá",
"word": "си́ва елха́"
},
{
"english": "green alder, Alnus viridis",
"roman": "literally: mountain alder",
"word": "плани́нска елха́"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "елха́<>"
},
"name": "bg-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "élša, “alder”",
"word": "е́лша"
}
],
"categories": [
"Bulgarian dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of е́лша (élša, “alder”)"
],
"links": [
[
"е́лша",
"елша#Bulgarian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) Alternative form of е́лша (élša, “alder”)"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Christmas tree",
"roman": "kóledna elhá",
"text": "ко́ледна елха́",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "New Year's tree",
"roman": "novogodíšna elhá",
"text": "новогоди́шна елха́",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"decorated tree (typically an evergreen one, e.g. firs or spruces)"
],
"links": [
[
"decorated",
"decorated"
],
[
"tree",
"tree"
],
[
"evergreen",
"evergreen"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"conifer (usually fir)"
],
"links": [
[
"conifer",
"conifer"
],
[
"fir",
"fir"
]
],
"qualifier": "by generalization",
"raw_glosses": [
"(by generalization) conifer (usually fir)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ела́"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɛɫˈxa]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7918 (bul)-Kiril kovachev-елха.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev-%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B0.wav/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev-%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B0.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev-%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B0.wav/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev-%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B0.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "Strandzha dialects",
"roman": "élha",
"word": "е́лха"
}
],
"word": "елха"
}
Download raw JSONL data for елха meaning in All languages combined (4.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.