See должен on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for должен meaning in All languages combined (13.1kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dъlžьnъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dъlžьnъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dъlžьnъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dъlžьnъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "длъ́жен"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian длъ́жен (dlǎ́žen)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "до́лжен"
},
"expansion": "Russian до́лжен (dólžen)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dъlžьnъ. Cognate with Bulgarian длъ́жен (dlǎ́žen) and Russian до́лжен (dólžen).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dolžen",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "должност",
"tags": [
"abstract-noun"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mk-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "должен",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "должна",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "должно",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "должни",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "должниот",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "должната",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "должното",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "должните",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "должниов",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"proximal"
]
},
{
"form": "должнава",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"proximal"
]
},
{
"form": "должново",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"proximal"
]
},
{
"form": "должниве",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"proximal"
]
},
{
"form": "должнион",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "должнана",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "должноно",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "должнине",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"absn": "должност"
},
"expansion": "должен • (dolžen) (not comparable, abstract noun должност)",
"name": "mk-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "должн",
"fe": "1"
},
"name": "mk-decl-adj"
},
{
"args": {
"c_def_dist_f": "",
"c_def_dist_m": "",
"c_def_dist_n": "",
"c_def_dist_pl": "",
"c_def_prox_f": "",
"c_def_prox_m": "",
"c_def_prox_n": "",
"c_def_prox_pl": "",
"c_def_unsp_f": "",
"c_def_unsp_m": "",
"c_def_unsp_n": "",
"c_def_unsp_pl": "",
"c_ind_f": "",
"c_ind_m": "",
"c_ind_n": "",
"c_ind_pl": "",
"def_dist_f": "должнана",
"def_dist_m": "должнион",
"def_dist_n": "должноно",
"def_dist_pl": "должнине",
"def_prox_f": "должнава",
"def_prox_m": "должниов",
"def_prox_n": "должново",
"def_prox_pl": "должниве",
"def_unsp_f": "должната",
"def_unsp_m": "должниот",
"def_unsp_n": "должното",
"def_unsp_pl": "должните",
"ind_f": "должна",
"ind_m": "должен",
"ind_n": "должно",
"ind_pl": "должни",
"s_def_dist_f": "",
"s_def_dist_m": "",
"s_def_dist_n": "",
"s_def_dist_pl": "",
"s_def_prox_f": "",
"s_def_prox_m": "",
"s_def_prox_n": "",
"s_def_prox_pl": "",
"s_def_unsp_f": "",
"s_def_unsp_m": "",
"s_def_unsp_n": "",
"s_def_unsp_pl": "",
"s_ind_f": "",
"s_ind_m": "",
"s_ind_n": "",
"s_ind_pl": "",
"title": ""
},
"name": "mk-decl-adj-table"
}
],
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "57 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Macedonian adjectives with a fleeting е",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Macedonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"obligated"
],
"id": "en-должен-mk-adj-MpFw871~",
"links": [
[
"obligated",
"obligated"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Macedonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indebted"
],
"id": "en-должен-mk-adj-6~i1dX60",
"links": [
[
"indebted",
"indebted"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈdɔɫʒɛn]"
}
],
"word": "должен"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dolžnó bytʹ",
"word": "должно́ быть"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "дължьнъ",
"4": "",
"5": "obligated",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic дължьнъ (dŭlžĭnŭ, “obligated”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "дължьнъ",
"gloss": "obligated"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic дължьнъ (dŭlžĭnŭ, “obligated”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dъlžьnъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dъlžьnъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "долг"
},
"expansion": "долг (dolg)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "длъ́жен"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian длъ́жен (dlǎ́žen)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "до́лжен"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian до́лжен (dólžen)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic дължьнъ (dŭlžĭnŭ, “obligated”), from Proto-Slavic *dъlžьnъ. Compare with долг (dolg), and cognate with Bulgarian длъ́жен (dlǎ́žen) and Macedonian до́лжен (dólžen).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "до́лжен",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "dólžen",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "до́лжен",
"roman": "dólžen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "должно́",
"roman": "dolžnó",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "должна́",
"roman": "dolžná",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "должны́",
"roman": "dolžný",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"short-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "до́лжен"
},
"expansion": "до́лжен • (dólžen)",
"name": "ru-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "до́лжный",
"2": "b*",
"nofull": "1",
"short_m": "до́лжен"
},
"name": "ru-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dólžnostʹ",
"word": "до́лжность"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dolžník",
"word": "должни́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dolg",
"word": "долг"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dólžnyj",
"word": "до́лжный"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dolžón",
"word": "должо́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dolženstvovátʹ",
"word": "долженствова́ть"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 25 22 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian adjectives with irregular short masculine singular",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 25 29 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian adjectives with reducible short stem",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 25 29 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian adjectives with short accent pattern b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 19 18 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Он до́лжен мне пять ты́сяч рубле́й. ― On dólžen mne pjatʹ týsjač rubléj. ― He owes me five thousand rubles.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to express indebtedness. Usually translated as the verb \"to owe\", with the person indebted to in dative case and the thing owed in accusative case."
],
"id": "en-должен-ru-adj-HeZThtSf",
"links": [
[
"indebtedness",
"indebtedness#English"
],
[
"owe",
"owe#English"
],
[
"dative case",
"Appendix:Glossary#dative_case"
],
[
"accusative case",
"Appendix:Glossary#accusative_case"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "обя́зан"
}
],
"tags": [
"predicative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 25 29 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian adjectives with reducible short stem",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 25 29 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian adjectives with short accent pattern b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Employees must report to work on time.",
"roman": "Slúžaščije dolžný vóvremja javljátʹsja na rabótu.",
"text": "Слу́жащие должны́ во́время явля́ться на рабо́ту.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to express obligation or suggestion. Usually translated as \"must\", \"have to\", \"should\" or \"supposed to\"."
],
"id": "en-должен-ru-adj-QocaeGyu",
"links": [
[
"obligation",
"obligation#English"
],
[
"suggestion",
"suggestion#English"
],
[
"must",
"must#English"
],
[
"have to",
"have to#English"
],
[
"should",
"should#English"
],
[
"supposed to",
"supposed to#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with a verb) Used to express obligation or suggestion. Usually translated as \"must\", \"have to\", \"should\" or \"supposed to\"."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with a verb"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "вы́нужден"
},
{
"word": "на́до"
},
{
"word": "необходи́мо"
},
{
"word": "ну́жно"
},
{
"word": "обя́зан"
},
{
"word": "прихо́дится"
},
{
"word": "сле́дует"
},
{
"word": "сто́ит"
}
],
"tags": [
"predicative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 25 29 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian adjectives with reducible short stem",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 25 29 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian adjectives with short accent pattern b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The eclipse should occur at three o'clock.",
"roman": "Zatménije dolžnó nastupítʹ v tri časá.",
"text": "Затме́ние должно́ наступи́ть в три часа́.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to express likelihood. Usually translated as \"should\"."
],
"id": "en-должен-ru-adj-3MAJ~5FW",
"links": [
[
"likelihood",
"likelihood#English"
],
[
"should",
"should#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with a verb) Used to express likelihood. Usually translated as \"should\"."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with a verb"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "вероя́тно"
},
{
"word": "наве́рное"
},
{
"word": "наверняка́"
},
{
"word": "скоре́е всего́"
}
],
"tags": [
"predicative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 25 29 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian adjectives with reducible short stem",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 25 29 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian adjectives with short accent pattern b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "That was supposed to be a joke.",
"roman": "Éto dolžnó býlo bytʹ šútkoj.",
"text": "Э́то должно́ бы́ло быть шу́ткой.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "She was meant to come yesterday.",
"roman": "Oná dolžná bylá prijtí ješčó včerá.",
"text": "Она́ должна́ была́ прийти́ ещё вчера́.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Wait, he's supposed to be back by lunch.",
"roman": "Podoždíte, on dólžen vernútʹsja k obédu.",
"text": "Подожди́те, он до́лжен верну́ться к обе́ду.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"supposed, meant (to) (used to indicate an intention)"
],
"id": "en-должен-ru-adj-BgzzD2Uk",
"links": [
[
"supposed",
"supposed"
],
[
"meant",
"meant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with a verb) supposed, meant (to) (used to indicate an intention)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with a verb"
],
"tags": [
"predicative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈdoɫʐɨn]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-должен.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e0/Ru-%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD.ogg/Ru-%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Ru-%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dólžen",
"word": "до́лженъ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
}
],
"word": "должен"
}
{
"categories": [
"Macedonian 2-syllable words",
"Macedonian adjectives",
"Macedonian adjectives with a fleeting е",
"Macedonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Macedonian lemmas",
"Macedonian paroxytone terms",
"Macedonian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Macedonian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Macedonian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dъlžьnъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dъlžьnъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dъlžьnъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dъlžьnъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "длъ́жен"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian длъ́жен (dlǎ́žen)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "до́лжен"
},
"expansion": "Russian до́лжен (dólžen)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dъlžьnъ. Cognate with Bulgarian длъ́жен (dlǎ́žen) and Russian до́лжен (dólžen).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dolžen",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "должност",
"tags": [
"abstract-noun"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mk-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "должен",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "должна",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "должно",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "должни",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "должниот",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "должната",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "должното",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "должните",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "должниов",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"proximal"
]
},
{
"form": "должнава",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"proximal"
]
},
{
"form": "должново",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"proximal"
]
},
{
"form": "должниве",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"proximal"
]
},
{
"form": "должнион",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "должнана",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "должноно",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "должнине",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"absn": "должност"
},
"expansion": "должен • (dolžen) (not comparable, abstract noun должност)",
"name": "mk-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "должн",
"fe": "1"
},
"name": "mk-decl-adj"
},
{
"args": {
"c_def_dist_f": "",
"c_def_dist_m": "",
"c_def_dist_n": "",
"c_def_dist_pl": "",
"c_def_prox_f": "",
"c_def_prox_m": "",
"c_def_prox_n": "",
"c_def_prox_pl": "",
"c_def_unsp_f": "",
"c_def_unsp_m": "",
"c_def_unsp_n": "",
"c_def_unsp_pl": "",
"c_ind_f": "",
"c_ind_m": "",
"c_ind_n": "",
"c_ind_pl": "",
"def_dist_f": "должнана",
"def_dist_m": "должнион",
"def_dist_n": "должноно",
"def_dist_pl": "должнине",
"def_prox_f": "должнава",
"def_prox_m": "должниов",
"def_prox_n": "должново",
"def_prox_pl": "должниве",
"def_unsp_f": "должната",
"def_unsp_m": "должниот",
"def_unsp_n": "должното",
"def_unsp_pl": "должните",
"ind_f": "должна",
"ind_m": "должен",
"ind_n": "должно",
"ind_pl": "должни",
"s_def_dist_f": "",
"s_def_dist_m": "",
"s_def_dist_n": "",
"s_def_dist_pl": "",
"s_def_prox_f": "",
"s_def_prox_m": "",
"s_def_prox_n": "",
"s_def_prox_pl": "",
"s_def_unsp_f": "",
"s_def_unsp_m": "",
"s_def_unsp_n": "",
"s_def_unsp_pl": "",
"s_ind_f": "",
"s_ind_m": "",
"s_ind_n": "",
"s_ind_pl": "",
"title": ""
},
"name": "mk-decl-adj-table"
}
],
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"obligated"
],
"links": [
[
"obligated",
"obligated"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"indebted"
],
"links": [
[
"indebted",
"indebted"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈdɔɫʒɛn]"
}
],
"word": "должен"
}
{
"categories": [
"Russian 2-syllable words",
"Russian adjectives",
"Russian adjectives with irregular short masculine singular",
"Russian adjectives with reducible short stem",
"Russian adjectives with short accent pattern b",
"Russian adjectives with short forms",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian hard-stem stem-stressed adjectives",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian short-form-only adjectives",
"Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian terms with audio links"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "dolžnó bytʹ",
"word": "должно́ быть"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "дължьнъ",
"4": "",
"5": "obligated",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic дължьнъ (dŭlžĭnŭ, “obligated”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "дължьнъ",
"gloss": "obligated"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic дължьнъ (dŭlžĭnŭ, “obligated”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dъlžьnъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dъlžьnъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "долг"
},
"expansion": "долг (dolg)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "длъ́жен"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian длъ́жен (dlǎ́žen)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "до́лжен"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian до́лжен (dólžen)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic дължьнъ (dŭlžĭnŭ, “obligated”), from Proto-Slavic *dъlžьnъ. Compare with долг (dolg), and cognate with Bulgarian длъ́жен (dlǎ́žen) and Macedonian до́лжен (dólžen).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "до́лжен",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "dólžen",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "до́лжен",
"roman": "dólžen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "должно́",
"roman": "dolžnó",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "должна́",
"roman": "dolžná",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "должны́",
"roman": "dolžný",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"short-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "до́лжен"
},
"expansion": "до́лжен • (dólžen)",
"name": "ru-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "до́лжный",
"2": "b*",
"nofull": "1",
"short_m": "до́лжен"
},
"name": "ru-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"roman": "dólžnostʹ",
"word": "до́лжность"
},
{
"roman": "dolžník",
"word": "должни́к"
},
{
"roman": "dolg",
"word": "долг"
},
{
"roman": "dólžnyj",
"word": "до́лжный"
},
{
"roman": "dolžón",
"word": "должо́н"
},
{
"roman": "dolženstvovátʹ",
"word": "долженствова́ть"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Russian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Он до́лжен мне пять ты́сяч рубле́й. ― On dólžen mne pjatʹ týsjač rubléj. ― He owes me five thousand rubles.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to express indebtedness. Usually translated as the verb \"to owe\", with the person indebted to in dative case and the thing owed in accusative case."
],
"links": [
[
"indebtedness",
"indebtedness#English"
],
[
"owe",
"owe#English"
],
[
"dative case",
"Appendix:Glossary#dative_case"
],
[
"accusative case",
"Appendix:Glossary#accusative_case"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "обя́зан"
}
],
"tags": [
"predicative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Russian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Employees must report to work on time.",
"roman": "Slúžaščije dolžný vóvremja javljátʹsja na rabótu.",
"text": "Слу́жащие должны́ во́время явля́ться на рабо́ту.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to express obligation or suggestion. Usually translated as \"must\", \"have to\", \"should\" or \"supposed to\"."
],
"links": [
[
"obligation",
"obligation#English"
],
[
"suggestion",
"suggestion#English"
],
[
"must",
"must#English"
],
[
"have to",
"have to#English"
],
[
"should",
"should#English"
],
[
"supposed to",
"supposed to#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with a verb) Used to express obligation or suggestion. Usually translated as \"must\", \"have to\", \"should\" or \"supposed to\"."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with a verb"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "вы́нужден"
},
{
"word": "на́до"
},
{
"word": "необходи́мо"
},
{
"word": "ну́жно"
},
{
"word": "обя́зан"
},
{
"word": "прихо́дится"
},
{
"word": "сле́дует"
},
{
"word": "сто́ит"
}
],
"tags": [
"predicative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Russian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The eclipse should occur at three o'clock.",
"roman": "Zatménije dolžnó nastupítʹ v tri časá.",
"text": "Затме́ние должно́ наступи́ть в три часа́.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to express likelihood. Usually translated as \"should\"."
],
"links": [
[
"likelihood",
"likelihood#English"
],
[
"should",
"should#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with a verb) Used to express likelihood. Usually translated as \"should\"."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with a verb"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "вероя́тно"
},
{
"word": "наве́рное"
},
{
"word": "наверняка́"
},
{
"word": "скоре́е всего́"
}
],
"tags": [
"predicative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Russian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "That was supposed to be a joke.",
"roman": "Éto dolžnó býlo bytʹ šútkoj.",
"text": "Э́то должно́ бы́ло быть шу́ткой.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "She was meant to come yesterday.",
"roman": "Oná dolžná bylá prijtí ješčó včerá.",
"text": "Она́ должна́ была́ прийти́ ещё вчера́.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Wait, he's supposed to be back by lunch.",
"roman": "Podoždíte, on dólžen vernútʹsja k obédu.",
"text": "Подожди́те, он до́лжен верну́ться к обе́ду.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"supposed, meant (to) (used to indicate an intention)"
],
"links": [
[
"supposed",
"supposed"
],
[
"meant",
"meant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with a verb) supposed, meant (to) (used to indicate an intention)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with a verb"
],
"tags": [
"predicative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈdoɫʐɨn]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-должен.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e0/Ru-%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD.ogg/Ru-%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Ru-%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "dólžen",
"word": "до́лженъ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
}
],
"word": "должен"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.