See болван on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "bolvana",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ingrian: bolvana",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ingrian: bolvana"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bъlvanъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bъlvanъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bъlvanъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bъlvanъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bałwan",
"3": "",
"4": "snowman"
},
"expansion": "Polish bałwan (“snowman”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "балванъ",
"3": "",
"4": "statue"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic балванъ (balvanŭ, “statue”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ба̀лван",
"3": "",
"4": "beam, log"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian ба̀лван (“beam, log”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bulvāns",
"t": "decoy"
},
"expansion": "Latvian bulvāns (“decoy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*balbal",
"3": "",
"4": "gravestone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *balbal (“gravestone”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bъlvanъ, *balъvanъ (“idol”). Cognate with Polish bałwan (“snowman”), Old Church Slavonic балванъ (balvanŭ, “statue”) and Serbo-Croatian ба̀лван (“beam, log”). Related to Latvian bulvāns (“decoy”). Possibly borrowed from a Turkic language, compare Proto-Turkic *balbal (“gravestone”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "болва́н",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "bolván",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́на",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́ны",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́нов",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́нчик",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́н",
"roman": "bolván",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́ны",
"roman": "bolvány",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́на",
"roman": "bolvána",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́нов",
"roman": "bolvánov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́ну",
"roman": "bolvánu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́нам",
"roman": "bolvánam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́на",
"roman": "bolvána",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́нов",
"roman": "bolvánov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́ном",
"roman": "bolvánom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́нами",
"roman": "bolvánami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́не",
"roman": "bolváne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́нах",
"roman": "bolvánax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "болва́н",
"a": "an",
"dim": "болва́нчик"
},
"expansion": "болва́н • (bolván) m anim (genitive болва́на, nominative plural болва́ны, genitive plural болва́нов, diminutive болва́нчик)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 29 24 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "97 2 0 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "People",
"orig": "ru:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "This idiot couldn't understand what was required from him.",
"roman": "Étot bolván tak i ne pónjal štó ot nevó trébovalosʹ.",
"text": "Э́тот болва́н так и не по́нял что́ от него́ тре́бовалось.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "\"Kindly hold the bag till I finish with this blockhead,\" Mrs. Marya Shatov met him below and shoved into his hands a rather light, cheap canvas handbag with brass studs, of Dresden manufacture.",
"ref": "1872, Фёдор Достоевский, “Часть 3. Глава 5. Путешественница”, in Бесы; English translation from Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky, transl., Demons, 1994:",
"roman": "— Sdelajte odolženije, poderžite sak, poka ja razdelajusʹ s etim bolvanom, — vstretila jevo vnizu gospoža Marʹja Šatova i sunula jemu v ruki dovolʹno legonʹkij, deševyj ručnoj sak iz parusiny, s bronzovymi gvozdikami, drezdenskoj raboty.",
"text": "— Сделайте одолжение, подержите сак, пока я разделаюсь с этим болваном, — встретила его внизу госпожа Марья Шатова и сунула ему в руки довольно легонький, дешевый ручной сак из парусины, с бронзовыми гвоздиками, дрезденской работы.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"blockhead, dimwit (stupid person)"
],
"id": "en-болван-ru-noun-OZAQXItu",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"blockhead",
"blockhead"
],
[
"dimwit",
"dimwit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory) blockhead, dimwit (stupid person)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "дура́к"
},
{
"word": "ду́ра"
},
{
"word": "дурачо́к"
},
{
"word": "ду́рочка"
},
{
"word": "ду́рень"
},
{
"word": "дурачи́на"
},
{
"word": ";"
},
{
"word": "глупе́ц"
},
{
"word": "глупы́ш"
},
{
"word": "глу́пенький"
},
{
"word": ";"
},
{
"word": "балбе́с"
},
{
"word": ";"
},
{
"word": "идио́т"
},
{
"word": ";"
},
{
"word": "тупи́ца"
},
{
"word": ";"
},
{
"word": "крети́н"
}
],
"tags": [
"derogatory"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 72 12 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 72 21 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 68 20 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 68 18 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 29 24 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 84 9 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Card games",
"orig": "ru:Card games",
"parents": [
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dummy (in card games)"
],
"id": "en-болван-ru-noun-Uu9qolfY",
"links": [
[
"dummy",
"dummy"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 29 24 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"block (for hats or wigs)"
],
"id": "en-болван-ru-noun-CzWw0v4z",
"links": [
[
"block",
"block"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Paganism",
"orig": "ru:Paganism",
"parents": [
"Occult",
"Religion",
"Forteana",
"Supernatural",
"Culture",
"Pseudoscience",
"Folklore",
"Society",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "29 29 24 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an idol"
],
"id": "en-болван-ru-noun-kXoGM~g-",
"links": [
[
"paganism",
"paganism"
],
[
"idol",
"idol"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, paganism) an idol"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"paganism",
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[bɐɫˈvan]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7737 (rus)-Tatiana Kerbush-болван.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Tatiana_Kerbush-%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD.wav/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Tatiana_Kerbush-%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Tatiana_Kerbush-%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD.wav/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Tatiana_Kerbush-%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bolván",
"word": "болва́нъ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
}
],
"word": "болван"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Russian 2-syllable words",
"Russian animate nouns",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form accent-a nouns",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Russian masculine nouns",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"ru:Card games",
"ru:People"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "bolvana",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ingrian: bolvana",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ingrian: bolvana"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bъlvanъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bъlvanъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bъlvanъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bъlvanъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bałwan",
"3": "",
"4": "snowman"
},
"expansion": "Polish bałwan (“snowman”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "балванъ",
"3": "",
"4": "statue"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic балванъ (balvanŭ, “statue”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ба̀лван",
"3": "",
"4": "beam, log"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian ба̀лван (“beam, log”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bulvāns",
"t": "decoy"
},
"expansion": "Latvian bulvāns (“decoy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*balbal",
"3": "",
"4": "gravestone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *balbal (“gravestone”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bъlvanъ, *balъvanъ (“idol”). Cognate with Polish bałwan (“snowman”), Old Church Slavonic балванъ (balvanŭ, “statue”) and Serbo-Croatian ба̀лван (“beam, log”). Related to Latvian bulvāns (“decoy”). Possibly borrowed from a Turkic language, compare Proto-Turkic *balbal (“gravestone”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "болва́н",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "bolván",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́на",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́ны",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́нов",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́нчик",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́н",
"roman": "bolván",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́ны",
"roman": "bolvány",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́на",
"roman": "bolvána",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́нов",
"roman": "bolvánov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́ну",
"roman": "bolvánu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́нам",
"roman": "bolvánam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́на",
"roman": "bolvána",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́нов",
"roman": "bolvánov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́ном",
"roman": "bolvánom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́нами",
"roman": "bolvánami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́не",
"roman": "bolváne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "болва́нах",
"roman": "bolvánax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "болва́н",
"a": "an",
"dim": "болва́нчик"
},
"expansion": "болва́н • (bolván) m anim (genitive болва́на, nominative plural болва́ны, genitive plural болва́нов, diminutive болва́нчик)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Russian derogatory terms",
"Russian terms with quotations",
"Russian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "This idiot couldn't understand what was required from him.",
"roman": "Étot bolván tak i ne pónjal štó ot nevó trébovalosʹ.",
"text": "Э́тот болва́н так и не по́нял что́ от него́ тре́бовалось.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "\"Kindly hold the bag till I finish with this blockhead,\" Mrs. Marya Shatov met him below and shoved into his hands a rather light, cheap canvas handbag with brass studs, of Dresden manufacture.",
"ref": "1872, Фёдор Достоевский, “Часть 3. Глава 5. Путешественница”, in Бесы; English translation from Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky, transl., Demons, 1994:",
"roman": "— Sdelajte odolženije, poderžite sak, poka ja razdelajusʹ s etim bolvanom, — vstretila jevo vnizu gospoža Marʹja Šatova i sunula jemu v ruki dovolʹno legonʹkij, deševyj ručnoj sak iz parusiny, s bronzovymi gvozdikami, drezdenskoj raboty.",
"text": "— Сделайте одолжение, подержите сак, пока я разделаюсь с этим болваном, — встретила его внизу госпожа Марья Шатова и сунула ему в руки довольно легонький, дешевый ручной сак из парусины, с бронзовыми гвоздиками, дрезденской работы.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"blockhead, dimwit (stupid person)"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"blockhead",
"blockhead"
],
[
"dimwit",
"dimwit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory) blockhead, dimwit (stupid person)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "дура́к"
},
{
"word": "ду́ра"
},
{
"word": "дурачо́к"
},
{
"word": "ду́рочка"
},
{
"word": "ду́рень"
},
{
"word": "дурачи́на"
},
{
"word": ";"
},
{
"word": "глупе́ц"
},
{
"word": "глупы́ш"
},
{
"word": "глу́пенький"
},
{
"word": ";"
},
{
"word": "балбе́с"
},
{
"word": ";"
},
{
"word": "идио́т"
},
{
"word": ";"
},
{
"word": "тупи́ца"
},
{
"word": ";"
},
{
"word": "крети́н"
}
],
"tags": [
"derogatory"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"dummy (in card games)"
],
"links": [
[
"dummy",
"dummy"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"block (for hats or wigs)"
],
"links": [
[
"block",
"block"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Russian terms with historical senses",
"ru:Paganism"
],
"glosses": [
"an idol"
],
"links": [
[
"paganism",
"paganism"
],
[
"idol",
"idol"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, paganism) an idol"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"paganism",
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[bɐɫˈvan]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7737 (rus)-Tatiana Kerbush-болван.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Tatiana_Kerbush-%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD.wav/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Tatiana_Kerbush-%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Tatiana_Kerbush-%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD.wav/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Tatiana_Kerbush-%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "bolván",
"word": "болва́нъ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
}
],
"word": "болван"
}
Download raw JSONL data for болван meaning in All languages combined (7.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.