"χωλός" meaning in All languages combined

See χωλός on Wiktionary

Adjective [Ancient Greek]

IPA: /kʰɔː.lós/, /xoˈlos/, /xoˈlos/, /kʰɔː.lós/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /kʰoˈlos/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /xoˈlos/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /xoˈlos/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /xoˈlos/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan)
Etymology: Seemingly, a formation with the suffix -λός like στρεβλός (streblós) and τυφλός (tuphlós), but without obvious etymology. Perhaps it belongs to χαλάω (khaláō, “to slacken, relax”) or perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- (“to leave behind, abandon”), the same root of χήρα (khḗra, “widow”), because a lame person is someone who lags or stays behind. Connections to Sanskrit खोर are uncertain. Etymology templates: {{m|grc|στρεβλός}} στρεβλός (streblós), {{m|grc|τυφλός}} τυφλός (tuphlós), {{unk|grc|title=without obvious etymology}} without obvious etymology, {{m|grc|χαλάω||to slacken, relax}} χαλάω (khaláō, “to slacken, relax”), {{der|grc|ine-pro|*ǵʰeh₁-||to leave behind, abandon}} Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- (“to leave behind, abandon”), {{m|grc|χήρα||widow}} χήρα (khḗra, “widow”) Inflection templates: {{grc-adecl|χωλός|ή}} Forms: khōlós [romanization], χωλή [feminine], χωλόν [neuter], Attic declension-2 [table-tags], χωλός [masculine, nominative, singular], χωλή [feminine, nominative, singular], χωλόν [neuter, nominative, singular], χωλώ [dual, masculine, nominative], χωλᾱ́ [dual, feminine, nominative], χωλώ [dual, neuter, nominative], χωλοί [masculine, nominative, plural], χωλαί [feminine, nominative, plural], χωλᾰ́ [neuter, nominative, plural], χωλοῦ [genitive, masculine, singular], χωλῆς [feminine, genitive, singular], χωλοῦ [genitive, neuter, singular], χωλοῖν [dual, genitive, masculine], χωλαῖν [dual, feminine, genitive], χωλοῖν [dual, genitive, neuter], χωλῶν [genitive, masculine, plural], χωλῶν [feminine, genitive, plural], χωλῶν [genitive, neuter, plural], χωλῷ [dative, masculine, singular], χωλῇ [dative, feminine, singular], χωλῷ [dative, neuter, singular], χωλοῖν [dative, dual, masculine], χωλαῖν [dative, dual, feminine], χωλοῖν [dative, dual, neuter], χωλοῖς [dative, masculine, plural], χωλαῖς [dative, feminine, plural], χωλοῖς [dative, neuter, plural], χωλόν [accusative, masculine, singular], χωλήν [accusative, feminine, singular], χωλόν [accusative, neuter, singular], χωλώ [accusative, dual, masculine], χωλᾱ́ [accusative, dual, feminine], χωλώ [accusative, dual, neuter], χωλούς [accusative, masculine, plural], χωλᾱ́ς [accusative, feminine, plural], χωλᾰ́ [accusative, neuter, plural], χωλέ [masculine, singular, vocative], χωλή [feminine, singular, vocative], χωλόν [neuter, singular, vocative], χωλώ [dual, masculine, vocative], χωλᾱ́ [dual, feminine, vocative], χωλώ [dual, neuter, vocative], χωλοί [masculine, plural, vocative], χωλαί [feminine, plural, vocative], χωλᾰ́ [neuter, plural, vocative], χωλῶς [adverbial, feminine, masculine, neuter], χωλότερος [comparative, feminine, masculine, neuter], χωλότᾰτος [feminine, masculine, neuter, superlative]
  1. lame, halting, limping Synonyms: σκιμβός
    Sense id: en-χωλός-grc-adj-mDAOKI7K
  2. lame, halting, limping
    (figuratively) maimed, imperfect, defective
    Tags: figuratively Synonyms: σκιμβός
    Sense id: en-χωλός-grc-adj-kLNnpQZL Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 17 83 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes: 20 80
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: χωλαίνω (khōlaínō), χώλανσις (khṓlansis), χώλασμα (khṓlasma), χωλάω (khōláō), χωλεία (khōleía), χώλευμα (khṓleuma), χωλεύω (khōleúō), χωλίαμβος (khōlíambos), χωλοκράββατον (khōlokrábbaton), χωλόομαι (khōlóomai), χωλοποιός (khōlopoiós), χωλόπους (khōlópous), χωλότης (khōlótēs), χώλωμα (khṓlōma), χώλωσις (khṓlōsis)

Download JSON data for χωλός meaning in All languages combined (11.2kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "khōlaínō",
      "word": "χωλαίνω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "khṓlansis",
      "word": "χώλανσις"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "khṓlasma",
      "word": "χώλασμα"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "khōláō",
      "word": "χωλάω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "khōleía",
      "word": "χωλεία"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "khṓleuma",
      "word": "χώλευμα"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "khōleúō",
      "word": "χωλεύω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "khōlíambos",
      "word": "χωλίαμβος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "khōlokrábbaton",
      "word": "χωλοκράββατον"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "khōlóomai",
      "word": "χωλόομαι"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "khōlopoiós",
      "word": "χωλοποιός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "khōlópous",
      "word": "χωλόπους"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "khōlótēs",
      "word": "χωλότης"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "khṓlōma",
      "word": "χώλωμα"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "khṓlōsis",
      "word": "χώλωσις"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xmf",
            "2": "ქულა",
            "3": "ქულაფა",
            "bor": "1",
            "der": "1",
            "t": "lame",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→⇒? Mingrelian: ქულა (kula, “lame”), ქულაფა (kulapa)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→⇒? Mingrelian: ქულა (kula, “lame”), ქულაფა (kulapa)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "στρεβλός"
      },
      "expansion": "στρεβλός (streblós)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "τυφλός"
      },
      "expansion": "τυφλός (tuphlós)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "title": "without obvious etymology"
      },
      "expansion": "without obvious etymology",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "χαλάω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to slacken, relax"
      },
      "expansion": "χαλάω (khaláō, “to slacken, relax”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵʰeh₁-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to leave behind, abandon"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- (“to leave behind, abandon”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "χήρα",
        "3": "",
        "4": "widow"
      },
      "expansion": "χήρα (khḗra, “widow”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Seemingly, a formation with the suffix -λός like στρεβλός (streblós) and τυφλός (tuphlós), but without obvious etymology. Perhaps it belongs to χαλάω (khaláō, “to slacken, relax”) or perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- (“to leave behind, abandon”), the same root of χήρα (khḗra, “widow”), because a lame person is someone who lags or stays behind. Connections to Sanskrit खोर are uncertain.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "khōlós",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλή",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλόν",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-adecl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "First and second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλός",
      "roman": "khōlós",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλή",
      "roman": "khōlḗ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλόν",
      "roman": "khōlón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλώ",
      "roman": "khōlṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλᾱ́",
      "roman": "khōlā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλώ",
      "roman": "khōlṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλοί",
      "roman": "khōloí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλαί",
      "roman": "khōlaí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλᾰ́",
      "roman": "khōlá",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλοῦ",
      "roman": "khōloû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλῆς",
      "roman": "khōlês",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλοῦ",
      "roman": "khōloû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλοῖν",
      "roman": "khōloîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλαῖν",
      "roman": "khōlaîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλοῖν",
      "roman": "khōloîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλῶν",
      "roman": "khōlôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλῶν",
      "roman": "khōlôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλῶν",
      "roman": "khōlôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλῷ",
      "roman": "khōlôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλῇ",
      "roman": "khōlêi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλῷ",
      "roman": "khōlôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλοῖν",
      "roman": "khōloîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλαῖν",
      "roman": "khōlaîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλοῖν",
      "roman": "khōloîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλοῖς",
      "roman": "khōloîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλαῖς",
      "roman": "khōlaîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλοῖς",
      "roman": "khōloîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλόν",
      "roman": "khōlón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλήν",
      "roman": "khōlḗn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλόν",
      "roman": "khōlón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλώ",
      "roman": "khōlṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλᾱ́",
      "roman": "khōlā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλώ",
      "roman": "khōlṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλούς",
      "roman": "khōloús",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλᾱ́ς",
      "roman": "khōlā́s",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλᾰ́",
      "roman": "khōlá",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλέ",
      "roman": "khōlé",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλή",
      "roman": "khōlḗ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλόν",
      "roman": "khōlón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλώ",
      "roman": "khōlṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλᾱ́",
      "roman": "khōlā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλώ",
      "roman": "khōlṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλοί",
      "roman": "khōloí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλαί",
      "roman": "khōlaí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλᾰ́",
      "roman": "khōlá",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλῶς",
      "roman": "khōlôs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλότερος",
      "roman": "khōlóteros",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλότᾰτος",
      "roman": "khōlótatos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "χωλός",
        "2": "ή"
      },
      "name": "grc-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.217"
        },
        {
          "text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.503"
        },
        {
          "text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 8.308"
        },
        {
          "text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.92"
        },
        {
          "text": "409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 486"
        },
        {
          "text": "409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 1032"
        },
        {
          "text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.161"
        },
        {
          "text": "411 BCE, Aristophanes, Thesmophoriazusae 24"
        },
        {
          "text": "46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Moralia 2.739B"
        },
        {
          "text": "125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, Timon 20"
        },
        {
          "text": "446 BCE – 411 BCE, Eupolis, Collected Works 343"
        },
        {
          "text": "460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, Prorrhetics 2.1"
        },
        {
          "text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 794E"
        },
        {
          "text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, On Horsemanship 1.5"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "lame, halting, limping"
      ],
      "id": "en-χωλός-grc-adj-mDAOKI7K",
      "links": [
        [
          "lame",
          "lame"
        ],
        [
          "halting",
          "halting"
        ],
        [
          "limping",
          "limping"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "σκιμβός"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 83",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 80",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 71E"
        },
        {
          "text": "380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 535D"
        },
        {
          "text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 3.3.3"
        },
        {
          "text": "Hephaestio, Collected Works 5.4"
        },
        {
          "text": "350 BCE – 280 BCE, Demetrius of Phalerum, On Style 301"
        },
        {
          "text": "200 CE – 300 CE, Aristides Quintilianus, On Music 1.25"
        },
        {
          "text": "300 BCE – 200 BCE, Herodas, Collected Works 1.71"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "lame, halting, limping",
        "maimed, imperfect, defective"
      ],
      "id": "en-χωλός-grc-adj-kLNnpQZL",
      "links": [
        [
          "lame",
          "lame"
        ],
        [
          "halting",
          "halting"
        ],
        [
          "limping",
          "limping"
        ],
        [
          "maimed",
          "maimed"
        ],
        [
          "imperfect",
          "imperfect"
        ],
        [
          "defective",
          "defective"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "lame, halting, limping",
        "(figuratively) maimed, imperfect, defective"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "σκιμβός"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔː.lós/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xoˈlos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xoˈlos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔː.lós/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰoˈlos/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xoˈlos/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xoˈlos/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xoˈlos/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "χωλός"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
    "Ancient Greek adjectives",
    "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ancient Greek lemmas",
    "Ancient Greek oxytone terms",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
    "Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "khōlaínō",
      "word": "χωλαίνω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khṓlansis",
      "word": "χώλανσις"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khṓlasma",
      "word": "χώλασμα"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khōláō",
      "word": "χωλάω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khōleía",
      "word": "χωλεία"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khṓleuma",
      "word": "χώλευμα"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khōleúō",
      "word": "χωλεύω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khōlíambos",
      "word": "χωλίαμβος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khōlokrábbaton",
      "word": "χωλοκράββατον"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khōlóomai",
      "word": "χωλόομαι"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khōlopoiós",
      "word": "χωλοποιός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khōlópous",
      "word": "χωλόπους"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khōlótēs",
      "word": "χωλότης"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khṓlōma",
      "word": "χώλωμα"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khṓlōsis",
      "word": "χώλωσις"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xmf",
            "2": "ქულა",
            "3": "ქულაფა",
            "bor": "1",
            "der": "1",
            "t": "lame",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→⇒? Mingrelian: ქულა (kula, “lame”), ქულაფა (kulapa)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→⇒? Mingrelian: ქულა (kula, “lame”), ქულაფა (kulapa)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "στρεβλός"
      },
      "expansion": "στρεβλός (streblós)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "τυφλός"
      },
      "expansion": "τυφλός (tuphlós)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "title": "without obvious etymology"
      },
      "expansion": "without obvious etymology",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "χαλάω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to slacken, relax"
      },
      "expansion": "χαλάω (khaláō, “to slacken, relax”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵʰeh₁-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to leave behind, abandon"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- (“to leave behind, abandon”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "χήρα",
        "3": "",
        "4": "widow"
      },
      "expansion": "χήρα (khḗra, “widow”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Seemingly, a formation with the suffix -λός like στρεβλός (streblós) and τυφλός (tuphlós), but without obvious etymology. Perhaps it belongs to χαλάω (khaláō, “to slacken, relax”) or perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- (“to leave behind, abandon”), the same root of χήρα (khḗra, “widow”), because a lame person is someone who lags or stays behind. Connections to Sanskrit खोर are uncertain.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "khōlós",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλή",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλόν",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-adecl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "First and second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλός",
      "roman": "khōlós",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλή",
      "roman": "khōlḗ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλόν",
      "roman": "khōlón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλώ",
      "roman": "khōlṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλᾱ́",
      "roman": "khōlā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλώ",
      "roman": "khōlṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλοί",
      "roman": "khōloí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλαί",
      "roman": "khōlaí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλᾰ́",
      "roman": "khōlá",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλοῦ",
      "roman": "khōloû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλῆς",
      "roman": "khōlês",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλοῦ",
      "roman": "khōloû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλοῖν",
      "roman": "khōloîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλαῖν",
      "roman": "khōlaîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλοῖν",
      "roman": "khōloîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλῶν",
      "roman": "khōlôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλῶν",
      "roman": "khōlôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλῶν",
      "roman": "khōlôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλῷ",
      "roman": "khōlôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλῇ",
      "roman": "khōlêi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλῷ",
      "roman": "khōlôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλοῖν",
      "roman": "khōloîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλαῖν",
      "roman": "khōlaîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλοῖν",
      "roman": "khōloîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλοῖς",
      "roman": "khōloîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλαῖς",
      "roman": "khōlaîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλοῖς",
      "roman": "khōloîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλόν",
      "roman": "khōlón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλήν",
      "roman": "khōlḗn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλόν",
      "roman": "khōlón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλώ",
      "roman": "khōlṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλᾱ́",
      "roman": "khōlā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλώ",
      "roman": "khōlṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλούς",
      "roman": "khōloús",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλᾱ́ς",
      "roman": "khōlā́s",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλᾰ́",
      "roman": "khōlá",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλέ",
      "roman": "khōlé",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλή",
      "roman": "khōlḗ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλόν",
      "roman": "khōlón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλώ",
      "roman": "khōlṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλᾱ́",
      "roman": "khōlā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλώ",
      "roman": "khōlṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλοί",
      "roman": "khōloí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλαί",
      "roman": "khōlaí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλᾰ́",
      "roman": "khōlá",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλῶς",
      "roman": "khōlôs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλότερος",
      "roman": "khōlóteros",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χωλότᾰτος",
      "roman": "khōlótatos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "χωλός",
        "2": "ή"
      },
      "name": "grc-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.217"
        },
        {
          "text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.503"
        },
        {
          "text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 8.308"
        },
        {
          "text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.92"
        },
        {
          "text": "409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 486"
        },
        {
          "text": "409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 1032"
        },
        {
          "text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.161"
        },
        {
          "text": "411 BCE, Aristophanes, Thesmophoriazusae 24"
        },
        {
          "text": "46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Moralia 2.739B"
        },
        {
          "text": "125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, Timon 20"
        },
        {
          "text": "446 BCE – 411 BCE, Eupolis, Collected Works 343"
        },
        {
          "text": "460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, Prorrhetics 2.1"
        },
        {
          "text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 794E"
        },
        {
          "text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, On Horsemanship 1.5"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "lame, halting, limping"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lame",
          "lame"
        ],
        [
          "halting",
          "halting"
        ],
        [
          "limping",
          "limping"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "σκιμβός"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 71E"
        },
        {
          "text": "380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 535D"
        },
        {
          "text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 3.3.3"
        },
        {
          "text": "Hephaestio, Collected Works 5.4"
        },
        {
          "text": "350 BCE – 280 BCE, Demetrius of Phalerum, On Style 301"
        },
        {
          "text": "200 CE – 300 CE, Aristides Quintilianus, On Music 1.25"
        },
        {
          "text": "300 BCE – 200 BCE, Herodas, Collected Works 1.71"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "lame, halting, limping",
        "maimed, imperfect, defective"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lame",
          "lame"
        ],
        [
          "halting",
          "halting"
        ],
        [
          "limping",
          "limping"
        ],
        [
          "maimed",
          "maimed"
        ],
        [
          "imperfect",
          "imperfect"
        ],
        [
          "defective",
          "defective"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "lame, halting, limping",
        "(figuratively) maimed, imperfect, defective"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "σκιμβός"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔː.lós/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xoˈlos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xoˈlos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔː.lós/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰoˈlos/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xoˈlos/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xoˈlos/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xoˈlos/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "χωλός"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.