See περί on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for περί meaning in All languages combined (11.1kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "perízōma",
"word": "περίζωμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "perissós",
"word": "περισσός"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "περί"
},
"expansion": "Greek: περί (perí)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: περί (perí)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "peri-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: peri-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: peri-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "peri-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: peri-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: peri-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "peri-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: peri-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: peri-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "péri-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: péri-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: péri-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "peri-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: peri-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: peri-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "peri-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: peri-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: peri-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"id": "before"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"4": "*peri"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *peri",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "परि",
"tr": "pári"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit परि (pári)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "per"
},
"expansion": "Latin per",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "per"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian per",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "for"
},
"expansion": "English for",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "për"
},
"expansion": "Albanian për",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "παρά"
},
"expansion": "παρά (pará)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *peri. Cognates include Sanskrit परि (pári), Latin per, Lithuanian per, English for, and Albanian për.\nThe genitive is from the PIE ablative of cause. The dative is from the locative. The accusative is like παρά (pará).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "περῐ́",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "perí",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gen",
"2": "dat",
"3": "acc",
"head": "περῐ́"
},
"expansion": "περῐ́ • (perí) (governs the genitive, dative, and accusative)",
"name": "grc-preposition"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 11 11 11 28 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek accusative prepositions",
"parents": [
"Accusative prepositions",
"Prepositions",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 24 24 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek dative prepositions",
"parents": [
"Dative prepositions",
"Prepositions",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 13 13 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek genitive prepositions",
"parents": [
"Genitive prepositions",
"Prepositions",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 17 17 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[+genitive]"
],
"id": "en-περί-grc-prep-eFJyHmBh",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 11 11 11 28 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek accusative prepositions",
"parents": [
"Accusative prepositions",
"Prepositions",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 24 24 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek dative prepositions",
"parents": [
"Dative prepositions",
"Prepositions",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 38 11 11 11 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 13 13 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek genitive prepositions",
"parents": [
"Genitive prepositions",
"Prepositions",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 17 17 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 40 12 12 12 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[+genitive]",
"about, concerning, because of"
],
"id": "en-περί-grc-prep-mXNqKuFT",
"links": [
[
"about",
"about"
],
[
"concerning",
"concerning"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 11 11 11 28 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek accusative prepositions",
"parents": [
"Accusative prepositions",
"Prepositions",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 24 24 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek dative prepositions",
"parents": [
"Dative prepositions",
"Prepositions",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 13 13 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek genitive prepositions",
"parents": [
"Genitive prepositions",
"Prepositions",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 17 17 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[+dative]"
],
"id": "en-περί-grc-prep-YQjfsIjY",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 11 11 11 28 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek accusative prepositions",
"parents": [
"Accusative prepositions",
"Prepositions",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 24 24 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek dative prepositions",
"parents": [
"Dative prepositions",
"Prepositions",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 13 13 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek genitive prepositions",
"parents": [
"Genitive prepositions",
"Prepositions",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 17 17 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[+dative]",
"around, for, about"
],
"id": "en-περί-grc-prep-IcaXmgJ-",
"links": [
[
"around",
"around"
],
[
"for",
"for"
],
[
"about",
"about"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 11 11 11 28 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek accusative prepositions",
"parents": [
"Accusative prepositions",
"Prepositions",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 24 24 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek dative prepositions",
"parents": [
"Dative prepositions",
"Prepositions",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 13 13 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek genitive prepositions",
"parents": [
"Genitive prepositions",
"Prepositions",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 17 17 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[+accusative]"
],
"id": "en-περί-grc-prep-ZvboMwoV",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 11 11 11 28 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek accusative prepositions",
"parents": [
"Accusative prepositions",
"Prepositions",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 24 24 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek dative prepositions",
"parents": [
"Dative prepositions",
"Prepositions",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 13 13 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek genitive prepositions",
"parents": [
"Genitive prepositions",
"Prepositions",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 17 17 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[+accusative]",
"around (both in the circular sense and close proximity sense), near, about"
],
"id": "en-περί-grc-prep-2lraZUIL",
"links": [
[
"around",
"around"
],
[
"near",
"near"
],
[
"about",
"about"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pe.rí/"
},
{
"ipa": "/peˈri/"
},
{
"ipa": "/peˈri/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pe.rí/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/peˈri/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/peˈri/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/peˈri/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/peˈri/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "initial-stressed form",
"roman": "péri",
"word": "πέρι"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "περ᾽ — apocope: elision"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "per",
"word": "περ — Thessalian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Delphic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "par",
"word": "παρ — Elean"
}
],
"word": "περί"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "grc",
"3": "περί"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek περί (perí)",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek περί (perí).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perí",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "preposition",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "περί • (perí)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "περί • (perí)",
"name": "el-prep"
}
],
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "el",
"name": "Mathematics",
"orig": "el:Mathematics",
"parents": [
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "75 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greek prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "80 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greek undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "about five hundred drachmas",
"roman": "perí tis pentakósies drachmés",
"text": "περί τις πεντακόσιες δραχμές",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"about, approximately"
],
"id": "en-περί-el-prep-8~9R4mOv",
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"about",
"about"
],
[
"approximately",
"approximately"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics) about, approximately"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"roman": "perípou",
"sense": "approximately",
"word": "περίπου"
}
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greek prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I didn't know what it was about.",
"roman": "Den íxera perí tínos prókeitai.",
"text": "Δεν ήξερα περί τίνος πρόκειται.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"about, concerning"
],
"id": "en-περί-el-prep-ySUrdS4M",
"links": [
[
"about",
"about"
],
[
"concerning",
"concerning"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"roman": "gia",
"sense": "concerning",
"word": "για"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/peˈɾi/"
}
],
"word": "περί"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek accusative prepositions",
"Ancient Greek dative prepositions",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek genitive prepositions",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek oxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek prepositions",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (before)",
"Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "perízōma",
"word": "περίζωμα"
},
{
"roman": "perissós",
"word": "περισσός"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "περί"
},
"expansion": "Greek: περί (perí)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: περί (perí)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "peri-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: peri-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: peri-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "peri-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: peri-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: peri-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "peri-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: peri-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: peri-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "péri-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: péri-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: péri-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "peri-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: peri-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: peri-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "peri-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: peri-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: peri-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"id": "before"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"4": "*peri"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *peri",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "परि",
"tr": "pári"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit परि (pári)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "per"
},
"expansion": "Latin per",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "per"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian per",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "for"
},
"expansion": "English for",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "për"
},
"expansion": "Albanian për",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "παρά"
},
"expansion": "παρά (pará)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *peri. Cognates include Sanskrit परि (pári), Latin per, Lithuanian per, English for, and Albanian për.\nThe genitive is from the PIE ablative of cause. The dative is from the locative. The accusative is like παρά (pará).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "περῐ́",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "perí",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gen",
"2": "dat",
"3": "acc",
"head": "περῐ́"
},
"expansion": "περῐ́ • (perí) (governs the genitive, dative, and accusative)",
"name": "grc-preposition"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"[+genitive]"
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"[+genitive]",
"about, concerning, because of"
],
"links": [
[
"about",
"about"
],
[
"concerning",
"concerning"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"[+dative]"
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"[+dative]",
"around, for, about"
],
"links": [
[
"around",
"around"
],
[
"for",
"for"
],
[
"about",
"about"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"[+accusative]"
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"[+accusative]",
"around (both in the circular sense and close proximity sense), near, about"
],
"links": [
[
"around",
"around"
],
[
"near",
"near"
],
[
"about",
"about"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"with-genitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pe.rí/"
},
{
"ipa": "/peˈri/"
},
{
"ipa": "/peˈri/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pe.rí/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/peˈri/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/peˈri/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/peˈri/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/peˈri/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "initial-stressed form",
"roman": "péri",
"word": "πέρι"
},
{
"word": "περ᾽ — apocope: elision"
},
{
"english": "per",
"word": "περ — Thessalian"
},
{
"word": "Delphic"
},
{
"english": "par",
"word": "παρ — Elean"
}
],
"word": "περί"
}
{
"categories": [
"Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Greek lemmas",
"Greek prepositions",
"Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Greek undefined derivations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "grc",
"3": "περί"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek περί (perí)",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek περί (perí).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perí",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "preposition",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "περί • (perí)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "περί • (perí)",
"name": "el-prep"
}
],
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Greek terms with usage examples",
"el:Mathematics"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "about five hundred drachmas",
"roman": "perí tis pentakósies drachmés",
"text": "περί τις πεντακόσιες δραχμές",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"about, approximately"
],
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"about",
"about"
],
[
"approximately",
"approximately"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics) about, approximately"
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greek terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I didn't know what it was about.",
"roman": "Den íxera perí tínos prókeitai.",
"text": "Δεν ήξερα περί τίνος πρόκειται.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"about, concerning"
],
"links": [
[
"about",
"about"
],
[
"concerning",
"concerning"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/peˈɾi/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "perípou",
"sense": "approximately",
"word": "περίπου"
},
{
"roman": "gia",
"sense": "concerning",
"word": "για"
}
],
"word": "περί"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.