See ȷ́iȷ́ʰwáH on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*ȷ́iźʰwáH"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́iźʰwáH",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́iźʰwáH"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "जिह्वा",
"3": "जुहू",
"tr": "jihvā́",
"tr2": "juhū́"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: जिह्वा (jihvā́), जुहू (juhū́)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: जिह्वा (jihvā́), जुहू (juhū́) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*hižwáH"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *hižwáH",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *hižwáH (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-nur-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Nuristani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Nuristani: (< *diȷ́ʰwáH)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northern Nuristani:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bsh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Kamkata-viri:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kamkata-viri:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xvi",
"2": "dić"
},
"expansion": "Kamviri: dić",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kamviri: dić"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bsh-kat",
"2": "diz"
},
"expansion": "Kativiri: diz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kativiri: diz"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prn",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Prasuni:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Prasuni:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pashki: luzuk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southern Nuristani: *źyū (< *jidukā via metathesis from *diȷ́ʰwáH?)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ask",
"2": "žū"
},
"expansion": "Ashkun: žū",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ashkun: žū"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ǵʰi-ǵʰwH-eh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰi-ǵʰwH-eh₂",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*ȷ́ʰuHáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰuHáyati",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Doubtfully from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s > *dn̥ȷ́ʰwáHs > *diȷ́ʰwáHs > *ȷ́iȷ́ʰwáHs > *ȷ́iȷ́ʰwáH.\nAnother hypothesis, that is more phonologically sound, is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰi-ǵʰwH-eh₂, a reduplicated noun from *ǵʰewH- (“to invoke”) (whence Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰuHáyati). As described by Grassmann's law, in PII the initial consonant loses its aspiration due to the next one being aspirated. Avestan displays dissimilation from an earlier *zizuuā. Reduplicated nouns in PIE are also not unprecedented; note the very common *kʷékʷlos (“wheel”). However, Nuristani evidence points to an earlier preform *diȷ́ʰwáH, which may point to the original Proto-Indo-European word albeit with some remodeling. A similar shift from *diǵʰ- to jih- in Sanskrit is exhibited by जिह्म (jihmá).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "iir-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "aH-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰway",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰway",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰway",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰway",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwayaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwaHbʰyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwaHbʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwaHbʰiš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwayaHs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwaHbʰyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwaHbʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwaHbʰyas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwayaHy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwaHbʰyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwaHbʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwaHbʰyas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwayaHs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwāyās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwaHnām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwayaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwayaHm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwāyaw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwaHsu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*ȷ́iȷ́ʰwáH f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "iir-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ȷ́iȷ́ʰwáH",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tongue"
],
"id": "en-ȷ́iȷ́ʰwáH-iir-pro-noun-snFSEtk5",
"links": [
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwáH"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*ȷ́iźʰwáH"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́iźʰwáH",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́iźʰwáH"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "जिह्वा",
"3": "जुहू",
"tr": "jihvā́",
"tr2": "juhū́"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: जिह्वा (jihvā́), जुहू (juhū́)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: जिह्वा (jihvā́), जुहू (juhū́) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*hižwáH"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *hižwáH",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *hižwáH (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-nur-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Nuristani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Nuristani: (< *diȷ́ʰwáH)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northern Nuristani:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bsh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Kamkata-viri:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kamkata-viri:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xvi",
"2": "dić"
},
"expansion": "Kamviri: dić",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kamviri: dić"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bsh-kat",
"2": "diz"
},
"expansion": "Kativiri: diz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kativiri: diz"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prn",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Prasuni:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Prasuni:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pashki: luzuk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southern Nuristani: *źyū (< *jidukā via metathesis from *diȷ́ʰwáH?)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ask",
"2": "žū"
},
"expansion": "Ashkun: žū",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ashkun: žū"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ǵʰi-ǵʰwH-eh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰi-ǵʰwH-eh₂",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*ȷ́ʰuHáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰuHáyati",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Doubtfully from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s > *dn̥ȷ́ʰwáHs > *diȷ́ʰwáHs > *ȷ́iȷ́ʰwáHs > *ȷ́iȷ́ʰwáH.\nAnother hypothesis, that is more phonologically sound, is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰi-ǵʰwH-eh₂, a reduplicated noun from *ǵʰewH- (“to invoke”) (whence Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰuHáyati). As described by Grassmann's law, in PII the initial consonant loses its aspiration due to the next one being aspirated. Avestan displays dissimilation from an earlier *zizuuā. Reduplicated nouns in PIE are also not unprecedented; note the very common *kʷékʷlos (“wheel”). However, Nuristani evidence points to an earlier preform *diȷ́ʰwáH, which may point to the original Proto-Indo-European word albeit with some remodeling. A similar shift from *diǵʰ- to jih- in Sanskrit is exhibited by जिह्म (jihmá).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "iir-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "aH-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰway",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰway",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰway",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰway",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwayaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwaHbʰyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwaHbʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwaHbʰiš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwayaHs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwaHbʰyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwaHbʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwaHbʰyas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwayaHy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwaHbʰyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwaHbʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwaHbʰyas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwayaHs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwāyās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwaHnām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwayaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwayaHm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwāyaw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwaHsu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*ȷ́iȷ́ʰwáH f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "iir-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ȷ́iȷ́ʰwáH",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian aH-stem nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian feminine nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"iir-pro:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"tongue"
],
"links": [
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ȷ́iȷ́ʰwáH"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ȷ́iȷ́ʰwáH meaning in All languages combined (6.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.