See źirˀgás on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Baltic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ltg",
"2": "zyrgs"
},
"expansion": "Latgalian: zyrgs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latgalian: zyrgs"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "zîrgs"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: zîrgs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: zîrgs"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "žìrgas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: žìrgas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: žìrgas"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgs",
"2": "žėrgs"
},
"expansion": "Samogitian: žėrgs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Samogitian: žėrgs"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Baltic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "sirgis"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: sirgis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: sirgis"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsv",
"2": "zirgo"
},
"expansion": "Sudovian: zirgo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sudovian: zirgo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*härkä",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Proto-Finnic: *härkä",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Proto-Finnic: *härkä (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "zirgs"
},
"expansion": "Latvian zirgs",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "grex",
"3": "",
"4": "herd, flock"
},
"expansion": "Latin grex (“herd, flock”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "žir̃gti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian žir̃gti",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "žer̃ti",
"3": "",
"4": "to scrape, to scratch; (of horse) to paw"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian žer̃ti (“to scrape, to scratch; (of horse) to paw”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "ձար",
"3": "",
"4": "mane"
},
"expansion": "Armenian ձար (jar, “mane”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "graðr",
"3": "",
"4": "not castrated"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse graðr (“not castrated”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. No etymological connections beyond Baltic are generally accepted, though there are several proposals. One connects Latvian zirgs to the adjective žirgts (“brisk, lively, alert”) (q.v.) from the (no longer in usage) verb žirgt (“to liven up, to freshen up”). The original meaning would therefore have been “brisk, agile (animal),” from which “fast runner” and then “horse” (probably via “stallion,” a meaning still attested dialectally for the Lithuanian cognate). Others link zirgs to Latin grex (“herd, flock”), or to Lithuanian žir̃gti, žer̃gti (“to sit astraddle, to sit; to spread one's legs; to walk with one's legs raised high”), or perhaps to Lithuanian žer̃ti (“to scrape, to scratch; (of horse) to paw”), Armenian ձար (jar, “mane”), or to Old Norse graðr (“not castrated”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-bsl-decl-noun-o-m-mobile",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "źirˀgás",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "źírˀgōˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "źirˀgái⁽ˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "źírˀgan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "źírˀgōˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "źírˀgō⁽ˀ⁾ns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "źírˀgā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "źirˀgā́u⁽ˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "źirˀgṓn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "źírˀgai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "źirˀgā́u⁽ˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "źirˀgáišu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "źírˀgōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "źirˀgámā⁽ˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "źirˀgámas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "źírˀgōˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "źirˀgámāˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "źirˀgṓis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "źírˀge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "źírˀgōˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "źirˀgái⁽ˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*źirˀgás m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "źirˀg",
"2": "źírˀg"
},
"name": "ine-bsl-decl-noun-o-m-mobile"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*źirˀgás",
"10": "źirˀgā́u⁽ˀ⁾",
"11": "źirˀgā́u⁽ˀ⁾",
"12": "źirˀgámā⁽ˀ⁾",
"13": "źirˀgámāˀ",
"14": "źírˀgōˀ",
"15": "źirˀgái⁽ˀ⁾",
"16": "źírˀgō⁽ˀ⁾ns",
"17": "źirˀgṓn",
"18": "źirˀgáišu",
"19": "źirˀgámas",
"2": "*źírˀgan",
"20": "źirˀgṓis",
"21": "źirˀgái⁽ˀ⁾",
"3": "*źírˀgā",
"4": "*źírˀgai",
"5": "*źírˀgōi",
"6": "*źírˀgōˀ",
"7": "*źírˀge",
"8": "źírˀgōˀ",
"9": "źírˀgōˀ",
"title": "Declension of *źirˀgás (o-stem, mobile accent)"
},
"name": "ine-bsl-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/źirˀgás",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Balto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Balto-Slavic nominals with mobile accent",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"horse"
],
"id": "en-źirˀgás-ine-bsl-pro-noun-~WKGK23C",
"links": [
[
"horse",
"horse"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "źirˀgás"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Baltic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ltg",
"2": "zyrgs"
},
"expansion": "Latgalian: zyrgs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latgalian: zyrgs"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "zîrgs"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: zîrgs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: zîrgs"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "žìrgas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: žìrgas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: žìrgas"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgs",
"2": "žėrgs"
},
"expansion": "Samogitian: žėrgs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Samogitian: žėrgs"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Baltic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "sirgis"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: sirgis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: sirgis"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsv",
"2": "zirgo"
},
"expansion": "Sudovian: zirgo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sudovian: zirgo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*härkä",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Proto-Finnic: *härkä",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Proto-Finnic: *härkä (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "zirgs"
},
"expansion": "Latvian zirgs",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "grex",
"3": "",
"4": "herd, flock"
},
"expansion": "Latin grex (“herd, flock”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "žir̃gti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian žir̃gti",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "žer̃ti",
"3": "",
"4": "to scrape, to scratch; (of horse) to paw"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian žer̃ti (“to scrape, to scratch; (of horse) to paw”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "ձար",
"3": "",
"4": "mane"
},
"expansion": "Armenian ձար (jar, “mane”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "graðr",
"3": "",
"4": "not castrated"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse graðr (“not castrated”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. No etymological connections beyond Baltic are generally accepted, though there are several proposals. One connects Latvian zirgs to the adjective žirgts (“brisk, lively, alert”) (q.v.) from the (no longer in usage) verb žirgt (“to liven up, to freshen up”). The original meaning would therefore have been “brisk, agile (animal),” from which “fast runner” and then “horse” (probably via “stallion,” a meaning still attested dialectally for the Lithuanian cognate). Others link zirgs to Latin grex (“herd, flock”), or to Lithuanian žir̃gti, žer̃gti (“to sit astraddle, to sit; to spread one's legs; to walk with one's legs raised high”), or perhaps to Lithuanian žer̃ti (“to scrape, to scratch; (of horse) to paw”), Armenian ձար (jar, “mane”), or to Old Norse graðr (“not castrated”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-bsl-decl-noun-o-m-mobile",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "źirˀgás",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "źírˀgōˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "źirˀgái⁽ˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "źírˀgan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "źírˀgōˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "źírˀgō⁽ˀ⁾ns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "źírˀgā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "źirˀgā́u⁽ˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "źirˀgṓn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "źírˀgai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "źirˀgā́u⁽ˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "źirˀgáišu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "źírˀgōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "źirˀgámā⁽ˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "źirˀgámas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "źírˀgōˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "źirˀgámāˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "źirˀgṓis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "źírˀge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "źírˀgōˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "źirˀgái⁽ˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*źirˀgás m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "źirˀg",
"2": "źírˀg"
},
"name": "ine-bsl-decl-noun-o-m-mobile"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*źirˀgás",
"10": "źirˀgā́u⁽ˀ⁾",
"11": "źirˀgā́u⁽ˀ⁾",
"12": "źirˀgámā⁽ˀ⁾",
"13": "źirˀgámāˀ",
"14": "źírˀgōˀ",
"15": "źirˀgái⁽ˀ⁾",
"16": "źírˀgō⁽ˀ⁾ns",
"17": "źirˀgṓn",
"18": "źirˀgáišu",
"19": "źirˀgámas",
"2": "*źírˀgan",
"20": "źirˀgṓis",
"21": "źirˀgái⁽ˀ⁾",
"3": "*źírˀgā",
"4": "*źírˀgai",
"5": "*źírˀgōi",
"6": "*źírˀgōˀ",
"7": "*źírˀge",
"8": "źírˀgōˀ",
"9": "źírˀgōˀ",
"title": "Declension of *źirˀgás (o-stem, mobile accent)"
},
"name": "ine-bsl-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/źirˀgás",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic nominals with mobile accent",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic terms with unknown etymologies",
"ine-bsl-pro:Mammals"
],
"glosses": [
"horse"
],
"links": [
[
"horse",
"horse"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "źirˀgás"
}
Download raw JSONL data for źirˀgás meaning in All languages combined (6.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.