See ħares on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "ar",
"3": "حارَسَ"
},
"expansion": "Arabic حارَسَ (ḥārasa)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"3": "guardari"
},
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"name": "der"
},
{
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"1": "mt",
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"4": "*wardōn"
},
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},
{
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"2": "la",
"3": "observō",
"4": "observare"
},
"expansion": "Latin observare",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Arabic حارَسَ (ḥārasa), rare variant of حَرَسَ (ḥarasa, “to guard, watch over, protect”), or an independent alteration of the latter. The semantic development under influence of Sicilian guardari, from Frankish *wardōn, perhaps additionally also of ussirvari, from Latin observare.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jħares",
"tags": [
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "mħares",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ħars",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "ħarsien",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mt-conj/III",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ħarist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"masculine",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ħarist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ħares",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ħarisna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"masculine",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ħaristu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ħarsu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ħarist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ħarist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ħarset",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ħarisna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ħaristu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ħarsu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nħares",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tħares",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jħares",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nħarsu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tħarsu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jħarsu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nħares",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tħares",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tħares",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nħarsu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tħarsu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jħarsu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ħares",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ħarsu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jħares",
"2": "mħares",
"3": "",
"4": "ħars",
"vn2": "ħarsien"
},
"expansion": "ħares (imperfect jħares, past participle mħares, verbal noun ħars or ħarsien)",
"name": "mt-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ħarist",
"10": "jħares",
"11": "tħares",
"12": "nħarsu",
"13": "tħarsu",
"14": "jħarsu",
"15": "ħares",
"16": "ħarsu",
"2": "ħarist",
"3": "ħares",
"4": "ħarset",
"5": "ħarisna",
"6": "ħaristu",
"7": "ħarsu",
"8": "nħares",
"9": "tħares"
},
"name": "mt-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to look; to glance"
],
"id": "en-ħares-mt-verb-5k1hf8Fq",
"links": [
[
"look",
"look"
],
[
"glance",
"glance"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1949, Anton Buttigieg, “Fuq Qabar Oħti”, in Fanali bil-Lejl:",
"text": "U waqt li nħares fuq ta’ qalbi x-xitla\ntat-tifkiriet tinbet tifkira ġdida,\nb’warda ta’ swied il-qalb fejn tilma demgħa\nminn ħbub għajnejja.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to look at; to observe"
],
"id": "en-ħares-mt-verb-j7QjquQh",
"links": [
[
"observe",
"observe"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to guard; to watch over; to protect"
],
"id": "en-ħares-mt-verb-rnYoXNqV",
"links": [
[
"guard",
"guard"
],
[
"watch over",
"watch over"
],
[
"protect",
"protect"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to observe; to keep (e.g. a commandment)"
],
"id": "en-ħares-mt-verb-m3BhZ8u9",
"links": [
[
"observe",
"observe"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈħaː.rɛs/"
}
],
"word": "ħares"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "ar",
"3": "حارِس",
"t": "guard, guardian"
},
"expansion": "Arabic حارِس (ḥāris, “guard, guardian”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "حَرَسة"
},
"expansion": "Arabic حَرَسة (ḥarasa)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "خَرْساء",
"lit": "deaf one",
"t": "viper"
},
"expansion": "Arabic خَرْساء (ḵarsāʔ, “viper”, literally “deaf one”)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "In the present form it should be from Arabic حارِس (ḥāris, “guard, guardian”), active participle of حَرَسَ (ḥarasa) above; quite plausibly through the idea that ghosts watch over, or haunt, certain localities. The unusual plural iħirsa (from underlying *iħrsa as in iġsma) might then be explained as continuing Arabic حَرَسة (ḥarasa). However, it is worth noting that Castagna in his history of Malta says that the peasants, even in his day, believed the ħares to be a black snake that controlled the destiny of a house’s inhabitants and therefore must never be killed. This leaves the possibility that the eventual etymon may in fact be Arabic خَرْساء (ḵarsāʔ, “viper”, literally “deaf one”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "iħirsa",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ħorsien",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ħarsijiet",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"p": "iħirsa",
"p2": "ħorsien",
"p3": "ħarsijiet"
},
"expansion": "ħares m (plural iħirsa or ħorsien or ħarsijiet)",
"name": "mt-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "69 5 9 12 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Maltese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 9 16 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "75 5 9 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ghost, spectre"
],
"id": "en-ħares-mt-noun-0wrW09PH",
"links": [
[
"ghost",
"ghost"
],
[
"spectre",
"spectre"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "waħx"
},
{
"word": "fatat"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈħaː.rɛs/"
}
],
"word": "ħares"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Maltese form-III verbs",
"Maltese lemmas",
"Maltese masculine nouns",
"Maltese nouns",
"Maltese sound form-III verbs",
"Maltese sound verbs",
"Maltese terms derived from Arabic",
"Maltese terms derived from Frankish",
"Maltese terms derived from Latin",
"Maltese terms derived from Sicilian",
"Maltese terms inherited from Arabic",
"Maltese verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "ar",
"3": "حارَسَ"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
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},
"expansion": "Sicilian guardari",
"name": "der"
},
{
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{
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"2": "la",
"3": "observō",
"4": "observare"
},
"expansion": "Latin observare",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Arabic حارَسَ (ḥārasa), rare variant of حَرَسَ (ḥarasa, “to guard, watch over, protect”), or an independent alteration of the latter. The semantic development under influence of Sicilian guardari, from Frankish *wardōn, perhaps additionally also of ussirvari, from Latin observare.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jħares",
"tags": [
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "mħares",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ħars",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "ħarsien",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mt-conj/III",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ħarist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"masculine",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ħarist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ħares",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ħarisna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"masculine",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ħaristu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ħarsu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ħarist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ħarist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ħarset",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ħarisna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ħaristu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ħarsu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nħares",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tħares",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jħares",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nħarsu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tħarsu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jħarsu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nħares",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tħares",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tħares",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nħarsu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tħarsu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jħarsu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ħares",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ħarsu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jħares",
"2": "mħares",
"3": "",
"4": "ħars",
"vn2": "ħarsien"
},
"expansion": "ħares (imperfect jħares, past participle mħares, verbal noun ħars or ħarsien)",
"name": "mt-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ħarist",
"10": "jħares",
"11": "tħares",
"12": "nħarsu",
"13": "tħarsu",
"14": "jħarsu",
"15": "ħares",
"16": "ħarsu",
"2": "ħarist",
"3": "ħares",
"4": "ħarset",
"5": "ħarisna",
"6": "ħaristu",
"7": "ħarsu",
"8": "nħares",
"9": "tħares"
},
"name": "mt-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to look; to glance"
],
"links": [
[
"look",
"look"
],
[
"glance",
"glance"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Maltese terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Maltese quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1949, Anton Buttigieg, “Fuq Qabar Oħti”, in Fanali bil-Lejl:",
"text": "U waqt li nħares fuq ta’ qalbi x-xitla\ntat-tifkiriet tinbet tifkira ġdida,\nb’warda ta’ swied il-qalb fejn tilma demgħa\nminn ħbub għajnejja.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to look at; to observe"
],
"links": [
[
"observe",
"observe"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to guard; to watch over; to protect"
],
"links": [
[
"guard",
"guard"
],
[
"watch over",
"watch over"
],
[
"protect",
"protect"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to observe; to keep (e.g. a commandment)"
],
"links": [
[
"observe",
"observe"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈħaː.rɛs/"
}
],
"word": "ħares"
}
{
"categories": [
"Maltese entries with incorrect language header",
"Maltese lemmas",
"Maltese masculine nouns",
"Maltese nouns",
"Maltese terms derived from Arabic",
"Maltese terms inherited from Arabic",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "ar",
"3": "حارِس",
"t": "guard, guardian"
},
"expansion": "Arabic حارِس (ḥāris, “guard, guardian”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "حَرَسة"
},
"expansion": "Arabic حَرَسة (ḥarasa)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "خَرْساء",
"lit": "deaf one",
"t": "viper"
},
"expansion": "Arabic خَرْساء (ḵarsāʔ, “viper”, literally “deaf one”)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "In the present form it should be from Arabic حارِس (ḥāris, “guard, guardian”), active participle of حَرَسَ (ḥarasa) above; quite plausibly through the idea that ghosts watch over, or haunt, certain localities. The unusual plural iħirsa (from underlying *iħrsa as in iġsma) might then be explained as continuing Arabic حَرَسة (ḥarasa). However, it is worth noting that Castagna in his history of Malta says that the peasants, even in his day, believed the ħares to be a black snake that controlled the destiny of a house’s inhabitants and therefore must never be killed. This leaves the possibility that the eventual etymon may in fact be Arabic خَرْساء (ḵarsāʔ, “viper”, literally “deaf one”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "iħirsa",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ħorsien",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ħarsijiet",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"p": "iħirsa",
"p2": "ħorsien",
"p3": "ħarsijiet"
},
"expansion": "ħares m (plural iħirsa or ħorsien or ħarsijiet)",
"name": "mt-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"ghost, spectre"
],
"links": [
[
"ghost",
"ghost"
],
[
"spectre",
"spectre"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "waħx"
},
{
"word": "fatat"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈħaː.rɛs/"
}
],
"word": "ħares"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ħares meaning in All languages combined (7.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.