See þurhgan on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "þurhgon",
"3": "thurghgon",
"4": "thorugon"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: þurhgon, thurghgon, thorugon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: þurhgon, thurghgon, thorugon"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thoroughgo"
},
"expansion": "English: thoroughgo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: thoroughgo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "þurh",
"3": "gān"
},
"expansion": "þurh- + gān",
"name": "prefix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "duruhgān"
},
"expansion": "Old High German duruhgān",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽 (þairhgaggan)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From þurh- + gān. Cognate with Old High German duruhgān, Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽 (þairhgaggan).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "þurhgān",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhgān",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhgānne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhgā",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhēode",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhgǣst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhēodest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhgǣþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhēode",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhgāþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhēodon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhgā",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhēode",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhgān",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhēoden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhgā",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhgāþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhgānde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhgān",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "þurhgān"
},
"expansion": "þurhgān",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "þurhgān<i>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English terms prefixed with þurh-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then the bold Martinus answered the emperor \"I will go fearlessly through the army, armed with a crucifix, not with a red shield, or with a heavy helmet, or a hard corselet.\" So the heathen king ordered that Martinus be held so he could be thrown unarmed into the army. But the Savior would not abandon his servant, and in the morning soon pacified the people so that they submitted to the emperor's scepter.",
"text": "Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church\nĐā andwyrde Martinus unforht ðām cāsere, \"Iċ wille ðurhgān orsorh ðone here, mid rōde tācne ġewǣpnod, nā mid rēadum sċylde, oððe mid hefeġum helme, oððe heardre byrnan.\" Đa hēt sē hǣðena cyning healdan Martinum, þæt hē wurde āworpen unġewǣpnod ðām here. Þā nolde sē Hǣlend his ðeġen forlǣtan, ac ġesibbode þæt folc sōna þǣs on merien, þæt hī tō þǣs cāseres cyneġyrde ġebugon.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to go over or go through, pierce (by weapon), penetrate, permeate, pervade"
],
"id": "en-þurhgan-ang-verb-B2yroQz8",
"links": [
[
"go over",
"go over"
],
[
"go through",
"go through"
],
[
"pierce",
"pierce"
],
[
"penetrate",
"penetrate"
],
[
"permeate",
"permeate"
],
[
"pervade",
"pervade"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θurxˈɡɑːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[θurˠxˈɡɑːn]"
}
],
"word": "þurhgan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "þurhgon",
"3": "thurghgon",
"4": "thorugon"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: þurhgon, thurghgon, thorugon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: þurhgon, thurghgon, thorugon"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thoroughgo"
},
"expansion": "English: thoroughgo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: thoroughgo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "þurh",
"3": "gān"
},
"expansion": "þurh- + gān",
"name": "prefix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "duruhgān"
},
"expansion": "Old High German duruhgān",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽 (þairhgaggan)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From þurh- + gān. Cognate with Old High German duruhgān, Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽 (þairhgaggan).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "þurhgān",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhgān",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhgānne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhgā",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhēode",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhgǣst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhēodest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhgǣþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhēode",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhgāþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhēodon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhgā",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhēode",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhgān",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhēoden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhgā",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhgāþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhgānde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þurhgān",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "þurhgān"
},
"expansion": "þurhgān",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "þurhgān<i>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English irregular verbs",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms prefixed with þurh-",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with quotations",
"Old English verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then the bold Martinus answered the emperor \"I will go fearlessly through the army, armed with a crucifix, not with a red shield, or with a heavy helmet, or a hard corselet.\" So the heathen king ordered that Martinus be held so he could be thrown unarmed into the army. But the Savior would not abandon his servant, and in the morning soon pacified the people so that they submitted to the emperor's scepter.",
"text": "Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church\nĐā andwyrde Martinus unforht ðām cāsere, \"Iċ wille ðurhgān orsorh ðone here, mid rōde tācne ġewǣpnod, nā mid rēadum sċylde, oððe mid hefeġum helme, oððe heardre byrnan.\" Đa hēt sē hǣðena cyning healdan Martinum, þæt hē wurde āworpen unġewǣpnod ðām here. Þā nolde sē Hǣlend his ðeġen forlǣtan, ac ġesibbode þæt folc sōna þǣs on merien, þæt hī tō þǣs cāseres cyneġyrde ġebugon.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to go over or go through, pierce (by weapon), penetrate, permeate, pervade"
],
"links": [
[
"go over",
"go over"
],
[
"go through",
"go through"
],
[
"pierce",
"pierce"
],
[
"penetrate",
"penetrate"
],
[
"permeate",
"permeate"
],
[
"pervade",
"pervade"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θurxˈɡɑːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[θurˠxˈɡɑːn]"
}
],
"word": "þurhgan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for þurhgan meaning in All languages combined (4.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (92124b4 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.