"þrukkijaną" meaning in All languages combined

See þrukkijaną on Wiktionary

Verb [Proto-Germanic]

IPA: /ˈθruk.ki.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *trewk-; cognates outside of Germanic include Welsh trychu (“to cut”), Lithuanian trū́kti (“to tear into pieces, burst”), trùkti (“to last, continue”). Other theories derive the root from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to rub, bore, twist”). Has been suggested as the origin of Vulgar Latin *trūdicāre, but this appears unlikely. Etymology templates: {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*trewk-}} Proto-Indo-European *trewk-, {{cog|cy|trychu|t=to cut}} Welsh trychu (“to cut”), {{cog|lt|trū́kti|t=to tear into pieces, burst}} Lithuanian trū́kti (“to tear into pieces, burst”), {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*terh₁-||to rub, bore, twist}} Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to rub, bore, twist”) Inflection templates: {{gem-conj-wk1|þrukk|j=ij}} Forms: weak [table-tags], þrukkijō [active, first-person, indicative, singular], þrukkijaų [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, singular], þrukkijai [first-person, indicative, passive, singular], - [first-person, passive, singular, subjunctive], þrukkīsi [active, indicative, second-person, singular], þrukkijais [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], þrukkī [active, imperative, second-person, singular], þrukkijasai [indicative, passive, second-person, singular], þrukkijaisau [passive, second-person, singular, subjunctive], þrukkīþi [active, indicative, singular, third-person], þrukkijai [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], þrukkijaþau [active, imperative, singular, third-person], þrukkijaþai [indicative, passive, singular, third-person], þrukkijaiþau [passive, singular, subjunctive, third-person], þrukkijōs [active, dual, first-person, indicative], þrukkijaiw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], - [active, dual, first-person, imperative], - [dual, first-person, indicative, passive], - [dual, first-person, passive, subjunctive], þrukkijaþiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], þrukkijaiþiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], þrukkijaþiz [active, dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, indicative, passive, second-person], - [dual, passive, second-person, subjunctive], þrukkijamaz [active, first-person, indicative, plural], þrukkijaim [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, plural], þrukkijanþai [first-person, indicative, passive, plural], þrukkijainþau [first-person, passive, plural, subjunctive], þrukkīþ [active, indicative, plural, second-person], þrukkijaiþ [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], þrukkīþ [active, imperative, plural, second-person], þrukkijanþai [indicative, passive, plural, second-person], þrukkijainþau [passive, plural, second-person, subjunctive], þrukkijanþi [active, indicative, plural, third-person], þrukkijain [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], þrukkijanþau [active, imperative, plural, third-person], þrukkijanþai [indicative, passive, plural, third-person], þrukkijainþau [passive, plural, subjunctive, third-person], þrukkidǭ [active, first-person, indicative, singular], þrukkidēdį̄ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], þrukkidēz [active, indicative, second-person, singular], þrukkidēdīz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], þrukkidē [active, indicative, singular, third-person], þrukkidēdī [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], þrukkidēdū [active, dual, first-person, indicative], þrukkidēdīw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], þrukkidēdudiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], þrukkidēdīdiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], þrukkidēdum [active, first-person, indicative, plural], þrukkidēdīm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], þrukkidēdud [active, indicative, plural, second-person], þrukkidēdīd [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], þrukkidēdun [active, indicative, plural, third-person], þrukkidēdīn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], þrukkijandz [active, participle, present], þrukkidaz [active, participle, past, subjunctive]
  1. to press on Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-þrukkijaną-gem-pro-verb-BT2yzU4p Categories (other): Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 97 3
  2. to crowd Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-þrukkijaną-gem-pro-verb-M38X1i5N

Download JSONL data for þrukkijaną meaning in All languages combined (11.3kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*þrukkijan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *þrukkijan\nOld English: þryċċan\nMiddle English: thrucchen\nEnglish: thrutch (dialectal), druck\nMiddle English: *threkken\nEnglish: thrack\nOld Frisian: thretza, thrikka\nWest Frisian: druwckjen, drukke\nOld Saxon: thrukkian\nMiddle Low German: drücken\nGerman Low German: drücken\n→ West Frisian: drukke\nOld Dutch: *thrucken\nMiddle Dutch: drucken\nDutch: drukken\nAfrikaans: druk\n→ Caribbean Javanese: nggedrig\n→ Papiamentu: drùk, druk\nLimburgish: drókke, drökke\nOld High German: drucchen, drukken, drucchan\nMiddle High German: drücken, drucken\nBavarian: druckn\nCimbrian: drukhan\nGerman: drücken (“press”), drucken (“print”)\n→ Ladin: druché\n→ Low German: drucken\n→ Polish: drukować\n→ Belarusian: друкава́ць (drukavácʹ)\n→ Ukrainian: друкува́ти (drukuváty)\n→ Yiddish: דרוקן (drukn)\nLuxembourgish: drécken\nYiddish: דריקן (drikn)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *þrukkijan\nOld English: þryċċan\nMiddle English: thrucchen\nEnglish: thrutch (dialectal), druck\nMiddle English: *threkken\nEnglish: thrack\nOld Frisian: thretza, thrikka\nWest Frisian: druwckjen, drukke\nOld Saxon: thrukkian\nMiddle Low German: drücken\nGerman Low German: drücken\n→ West Frisian: drukke\nOld Dutch: *thrucken\nMiddle Dutch: drucken\nDutch: drukken\nAfrikaans: druk\n→ Caribbean Javanese: nggedrig\n→ Papiamentu: drùk, druk\nLimburgish: drókke, drökke\nOld High German: drucchen, drukken, drucchan\nMiddle High German: drücken, drucken\nBavarian: druckn\nCimbrian: drukhan\nGerman: drücken (“press”), drucken (“print”)\n→ Ladin: druché\n→ Low German: drucken\n→ Polish: drukować\n→ Belarusian: друкава́ць (drukavácʹ)\n→ Ukrainian: друкува́ти (drukuváty)\n→ Yiddish: דרוקן (drukn)\nLuxembourgish: drécken\nYiddish: דריקן (drikn)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "þrykkja"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: þrykkja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: þrykkja"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "þrykkja"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: þrykkja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: þrykkja"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "trykkja"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: trykkja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: trykkja"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "trykkja"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: trykkja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: trykkja"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "þrykkia"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: þrykkia\nSwedish: trycka",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: þrykkia\nSwedish: trycka"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "trykke"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: trykke",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: trykke"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "trykke"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: trykke",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: trykke"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*trewk-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *trewk-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "trychu",
        "t": "to cut"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh trychu (“to cut”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "trū́kti",
        "t": "to tear into pieces, burst"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian trū́kti (“to tear into pieces, burst”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*terh₁-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to rub, bore, twist"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to rub, bore, twist”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *trewk-; cognates outside of Germanic include Welsh trychu (“to cut”), Lithuanian trū́kti (“to tear into pieces, burst”), trùkti (“to last, continue”). Other theories derive the root from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to rub, bore, twist”).\nHas been suggested as the origin of Vulgar Latin *trūdicāre, but this appears unlikely.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkīsi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijasai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijaisau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkīþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijaþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijaþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijaiþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijaiþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkīþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijaiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkīþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijanþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijanþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þrukk",
        "j": "ij"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þrukkijaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "97 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to press on"
      ],
      "id": "en-þrukkijaną-gem-pro-verb-BT2yzU4p",
      "links": [
        [
          "press",
          "press"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to crowd"
      ],
      "id": "en-þrukkijaną-gem-pro-verb-M38X1i5N",
      "links": [
        [
          "crowd",
          "crowd"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈθruk.ki.jɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Trésor de la langue française informatisé"
  ],
  "word": "þrukkijaną"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Proto-Germanic verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*þrukkijan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *þrukkijan\nOld English: þryċċan\nMiddle English: thrucchen\nEnglish: thrutch (dialectal), druck\nMiddle English: *threkken\nEnglish: thrack\nOld Frisian: thretza, thrikka\nWest Frisian: druwckjen, drukke\nOld Saxon: thrukkian\nMiddle Low German: drücken\nGerman Low German: drücken\n→ West Frisian: drukke\nOld Dutch: *thrucken\nMiddle Dutch: drucken\nDutch: drukken\nAfrikaans: druk\n→ Caribbean Javanese: nggedrig\n→ Papiamentu: drùk, druk\nLimburgish: drókke, drökke\nOld High German: drucchen, drukken, drucchan\nMiddle High German: drücken, drucken\nBavarian: druckn\nCimbrian: drukhan\nGerman: drücken (“press”), drucken (“print”)\n→ Ladin: druché\n→ Low German: drucken\n→ Polish: drukować\n→ Belarusian: друкава́ць (drukavácʹ)\n→ Ukrainian: друкува́ти (drukuváty)\n→ Yiddish: דרוקן (drukn)\nLuxembourgish: drécken\nYiddish: דריקן (drikn)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *þrukkijan\nOld English: þryċċan\nMiddle English: thrucchen\nEnglish: thrutch (dialectal), druck\nMiddle English: *threkken\nEnglish: thrack\nOld Frisian: thretza, thrikka\nWest Frisian: druwckjen, drukke\nOld Saxon: thrukkian\nMiddle Low German: drücken\nGerman Low German: drücken\n→ West Frisian: drukke\nOld Dutch: *thrucken\nMiddle Dutch: drucken\nDutch: drukken\nAfrikaans: druk\n→ Caribbean Javanese: nggedrig\n→ Papiamentu: drùk, druk\nLimburgish: drókke, drökke\nOld High German: drucchen, drukken, drucchan\nMiddle High German: drücken, drucken\nBavarian: druckn\nCimbrian: drukhan\nGerman: drücken (“press”), drucken (“print”)\n→ Ladin: druché\n→ Low German: drucken\n→ Polish: drukować\n→ Belarusian: друкава́ць (drukavácʹ)\n→ Ukrainian: друкува́ти (drukuváty)\n→ Yiddish: דרוקן (drukn)\nLuxembourgish: drécken\nYiddish: דריקן (drikn)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "þrykkja"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: þrykkja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: þrykkja"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "þrykkja"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: þrykkja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: þrykkja"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "trykkja"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: trykkja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: trykkja"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "trykkja"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: trykkja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: trykkja"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "þrykkia"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: þrykkia\nSwedish: trycka",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: þrykkia\nSwedish: trycka"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "trykke"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: trykke",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: trykke"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "trykke"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: trykke",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: trykke"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*trewk-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *trewk-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "trychu",
        "t": "to cut"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh trychu (“to cut”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "trū́kti",
        "t": "to tear into pieces, burst"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian trū́kti (“to tear into pieces, burst”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*terh₁-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to rub, bore, twist"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to rub, bore, twist”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *trewk-; cognates outside of Germanic include Welsh trychu (“to cut”), Lithuanian trū́kti (“to tear into pieces, burst”), trùkti (“to last, continue”). Other theories derive the root from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to rub, bore, twist”).\nHas been suggested as the origin of Vulgar Latin *trūdicāre, but this appears unlikely.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkīsi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijasai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijaisau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkīþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijaþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijaþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijaiþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijaiþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkīþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijaiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkīþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijanþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijanþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidēdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkijandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þrukkidaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þrukk",
        "j": "ij"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þrukkijaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to press on"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "press",
          "press"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to crowd"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "crowd",
          "crowd"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈθruk.ki.jɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Trésor de la langue française informatisé"
  ],
  "word": "þrukkijaną"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (d4b8e84 and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.