See þiustrī on Wiktionary
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ang", "2": "þīestre", "3": "þȳstre" }, "expansion": "Old English: þīestre, þȳstre", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old English: þīestre, þȳstre; þēostre (conflated with descendant of *þeustraz)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "þester", "3": "þuster", "4": "þeostre" }, "expansion": "Middle English: þester, þuster, þeostre", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Middle English: þester, þuster, þeostre" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ofs", "2": "*thiūstere" }, "expansion": "Old Frisian: *thiūstere", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Frisian: *thiūstere" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "stq", "2": "tjuuster" }, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian: tjuuster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Saterland Frisian: tjuuster" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fy", "2": "tsjuster" }, "expansion": "West Frisian: tsjuster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "West Frisian: tsjuster" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "osx", "2": "thiustri" }, "expansion": "Old Saxon: thiustri", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Saxon: thiustri" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gml", "2": "dûster" }, "expansion": "Middle Low German: dûster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Middle Low German: dûster" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nds-de", "2": "düüster" }, "expansion": "German Low German: düüster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "German Low German: düüster" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "düster", "3": "duster", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ German: düster, duster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ German: düster, duster" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "da", "2": "dyster", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Danish: dyster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Danish: dyster" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sv", "2": "dyster", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Swedish: dyster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Swedish: dyster" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nb", "2": "dyster", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: dyster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: dyster" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nn", "2": "dyster", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Norwegian Nynorsk: dyster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Norwegian Nynorsk: dyster" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "odt", "2": "*thiustri" }, "expansion": "Old Dutch: *thiustri", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Dutch: *thiustri" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "dum", "2": "dustere", "3": "diester", "4": "duuster" }, "expansion": "Middle Dutch: dustere, diester, duuster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Middle Dutch: dustere, diester, duuster" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "duister" }, "expansion": "Dutch: duister", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Dutch: duister" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "af", "2": "duister" }, "expansion": "Afrikaans: duister", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Afrikaans: duister" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "li", "2": "duuster" }, "expansion": "Limburgish: duuster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Limburgish: duuster" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "goh", "2": "*thiustri" }, "expansion": "Old High German: *thiustri", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "northern" }, "expansion": "(northern)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "Old High German: *thiustri (northern)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmh", "2": "dūster", "3": "diuster" }, "expansion": "Middle High German: dūster, diuster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Middle High German: dūster, diuster" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-cfr", "2": "düster", "3": "deister" }, "expansion": "Central Franconian: düster, deister", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Central Franconian: düster, deister" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "lb", "2": "däischter" }, "expansion": "Luxembourgish: däischter", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Luxembourgish: däischter" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-rfr", "2": "deischter" }, "expansion": "Rhine Franconian: deischter", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "few dialects; most only have non-native <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"gmw-rfr\">duschter</i>, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"gmw-cfr\">duster</i>" }, "expansion": "(few dialects; most only have non-native duschter, duster)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "Rhine Franconian: deischter (few dialects; most only have non-native duschter, duster)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*þimstr", "3": "*-ī", "id2": "adjective", "pos2": "adjective suffix", "t1": "dark, dusky" }, "expansion": "*þimstr (“dark, dusky”) + *-ī (adjective suffix)", "name": "af" }, { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "", "4": "*þiustrijaz" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þiustrijaz", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*tewh₂-", "t": "to swell" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "sla-pro", "2": "*tuskъ", "t": "gloom" }, "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tuskъ (“gloom”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Possibly from *þimstr (“dark, dusky”) + *-ī (adjective suffix), with unexpected *m > *w. Or, perhaps from Proto-Germanic *þiustrijaz, *þiuhstrijaz, from Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell”). Compare Proto-Slavic *tuskъ (“gloom”).", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "gmw-infl-adj", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "ja-stem", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "þiustrī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustriju", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustrī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijanā", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijā", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustrī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijas", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijeʀā", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijas", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijumē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijeʀē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijumē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustriju", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijeʀu", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustriju", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustriju", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijā", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijā", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustriju", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijeʀō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijeʀō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijeʀō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijēm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijēm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijēm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijēm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijēm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijēm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "adjective" }, "expansion": "*þiustrī", "name": "head" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "gmw-infl-adj" } ], "lang": "Proto-West Germanic", "lang_code": "gmw-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þiustrī", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-ī (adjective)", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "derived": [ { "word": "þiustrijōn" } ], "glosses": [ "dark, gloomy" ], "id": "en-þiustrī-gmw-pro-adj-fIQNrQX-", "links": [ [ "dark", "dark" ], [ "gloomy", "gloomy" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "word": "þiustrī" }
{ "derived": [ { "word": "þiustrijōn" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ang", "2": "þīestre", "3": "þȳstre" }, "expansion": "Old English: þīestre, þȳstre", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old English: þīestre, þȳstre; þēostre (conflated with descendant of *þeustraz)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "þester", "3": "þuster", "4": "þeostre" }, "expansion": "Middle English: þester, þuster, þeostre", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Middle English: þester, þuster, þeostre" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ofs", "2": "*thiūstere" }, "expansion": "Old Frisian: *thiūstere", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Frisian: *thiūstere" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "stq", "2": "tjuuster" }, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian: tjuuster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Saterland Frisian: tjuuster" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fy", "2": "tsjuster" }, "expansion": "West Frisian: tsjuster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "West Frisian: tsjuster" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "osx", "2": "thiustri" }, "expansion": "Old Saxon: thiustri", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Saxon: thiustri" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gml", "2": "dûster" }, "expansion": "Middle Low German: dûster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Middle Low German: dûster" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nds-de", "2": "düüster" }, "expansion": "German Low German: düüster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "German Low German: düüster" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "düster", "3": "duster", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ German: düster, duster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ German: düster, duster" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "da", "2": "dyster", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Danish: dyster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Danish: dyster" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sv", "2": "dyster", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Swedish: dyster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Swedish: dyster" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nb", "2": "dyster", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: dyster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: dyster" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nn", "2": "dyster", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Norwegian Nynorsk: dyster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Norwegian Nynorsk: dyster" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "odt", "2": "*thiustri" }, "expansion": "Old Dutch: *thiustri", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Dutch: *thiustri" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "dum", "2": "dustere", "3": "diester", "4": "duuster" }, "expansion": "Middle Dutch: dustere, diester, duuster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Middle Dutch: dustere, diester, duuster" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "duister" }, "expansion": "Dutch: duister", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Dutch: duister" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "af", "2": "duister" }, "expansion": "Afrikaans: duister", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Afrikaans: duister" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "li", "2": "duuster" }, "expansion": "Limburgish: duuster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Limburgish: duuster" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "goh", "2": "*thiustri" }, "expansion": "Old High German: *thiustri", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "northern" }, "expansion": "(northern)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "Old High German: *thiustri (northern)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmh", "2": "dūster", "3": "diuster" }, "expansion": "Middle High German: dūster, diuster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Middle High German: dūster, diuster" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-cfr", "2": "düster", "3": "deister" }, "expansion": "Central Franconian: düster, deister", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Central Franconian: düster, deister" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "lb", "2": "däischter" }, "expansion": "Luxembourgish: däischter", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Luxembourgish: däischter" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-rfr", "2": "deischter" }, "expansion": "Rhine Franconian: deischter", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "few dialects; most only have non-native <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"gmw-rfr\">duschter</i>, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"gmw-cfr\">duster</i>" }, "expansion": "(few dialects; most only have non-native duschter, duster)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "Rhine Franconian: deischter (few dialects; most only have non-native duschter, duster)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*þimstr", "3": "*-ī", "id2": "adjective", "pos2": "adjective suffix", "t1": "dark, dusky" }, "expansion": "*þimstr (“dark, dusky”) + *-ī (adjective suffix)", "name": "af" }, { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "", "4": "*þiustrijaz" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þiustrijaz", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*tewh₂-", "t": "to swell" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "sla-pro", "2": "*tuskъ", "t": "gloom" }, "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tuskъ (“gloom”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Possibly from *þimstr (“dark, dusky”) + *-ī (adjective suffix), with unexpected *m > *w. Or, perhaps from Proto-Germanic *þiustrijaz, *þiuhstrijaz, from Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell”). Compare Proto-Slavic *tuskъ (“gloom”).", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "gmw-infl-adj", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "ja-stem", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "þiustrī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustriju", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustrī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijanā", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijā", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustrī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijas", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijeʀā", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijas", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijumē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijeʀē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijumē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustriju", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijeʀu", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustriju", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustriju", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijā", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijā", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustriju", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijeʀō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijeʀō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijeʀō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijēm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijēm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijēm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijēm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijēm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijēm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "þiustrijum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "adjective" }, "expansion": "*þiustrī", "name": "head" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "gmw-infl-adj" } ], "lang": "Proto-West Germanic", "lang_code": "gmw-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þiustrī", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Proto-West Germanic adjectives", "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "Proto-West Germanic ja-stem adjectives", "Proto-West Germanic lemmas", "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-ī (adjective)", "gmw-pro:Darkness" ], "glosses": [ "dark, gloomy" ], "links": [ [ "dark", "dark" ], [ "gloomy", "gloomy" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "word": "þiustrī" }
Download raw JSONL data for þiustrī meaning in All languages combined (9.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.