"étoffer" meaning in All languages combined

See étoffer on Wiktionary

Verb [French]

IPA: /e.tɔ.fe/ Audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7-étoffer.wav
Etymology: Inherited from Middle French estoffer, from Old French estoffer, estofer (“to provide what is needed, equip, decorate”), from Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn (“to stuff”). Doublet of stopper. Etymology templates: {{dercat|fr|goh}}, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fr|frm|estoffer|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Middle French estoffer, {{inh+|fr|frm|estoffer}} Inherited from Middle French estoffer, {{inh|fr|fro|estoffer}} Old French estoffer, {{der|fr|gmw-pro|*stoppōn|t=to stuff}} Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn (“to stuff”), {{doublet|fr|stopper}} Doublet of stopper Head templates: {{fr-verb}} étoffer Inflection templates: {{fr-conj-auto}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], étoffer [infinitive], avoir + past participle [infinitive, multiword-construction], étoffant [gerund, participle, present], ayant + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction, participle, present], étoffé [participle, past], étoffe [first-person, indicative, present, singular], étoffes [indicative, present, second-person, singular], étoffe [indicative, present, singular, third-person], étoffons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], étoffez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], étoffent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], étoffais [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], étoffais [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], étoffait [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], étoffions [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], étoffiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], étoffaient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], étoffai [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], étoffas [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], étoffa [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], étoffâmes [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], étoffâtes [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], étoffèrent [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], étofferai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], étofferas [future, indicative, second-person, singular], étoffera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], étofferons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], étofferez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], étofferont [future, indicative, plural, third-person], étofferais [conditional, first-person, singular], étofferais [conditional, second-person, singular], étofferait [conditional, singular, third-person], étofferions [conditional, first-person, plural], étofferiez [conditional, plural, second-person], étofferaient [conditional, plural, third-person], present indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], past historic of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], étoffe [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], étoffes [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], étoffe [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], étoffions [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], étoffiez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], étoffent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], étoffasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], étoffasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], étoffât [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], étoffassions [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], étoffassiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], étoffassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], étoffe [imperative, second-person, singular], étoffons [first-person, imperative, plural], étoffez [imperative, plural, second-person], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [first-person, imperative, multiword-construction, plural], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person]
  1. to stuff (a pillow, food) Synonyms: confectionner, farcir
    Sense id: en-étoffer-fr-verb-dEPptGbW Categories (other): French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 14 15 27 24 21
  2. (furniture) to upholster Categories (topical): Furniture
    Sense id: en-étoffer-fr-verb-OIcR2Tfk Categories (other): French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 14 15 27 24 21 Topics: furniture, lifestyle
  3. (clothing) to fill out Categories (topical): Clothing
    Sense id: en-étoffer-fr-verb-NqjH4zO3 Categories (other): French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 14 15 27 24 21 Topics: business, clothing, fashion, lifestyle, manufacturing, textiles
  4. to pad out; to flesh out (give something more substance) Synonyms: enrichir
    Sense id: en-étoffer-fr-verb-fySy3GOW Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header, French verbs with conjugation -er, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 5 5 27 44 20 Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 14 15 27 24 21 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 4 8 19 55 13 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 3 4 15 66 12
  5. (reflexive, also figurative) to fill out (to get plumper) Tags: also, figuratively, reflexive
    Sense id: en-étoffer-fr-verb-~j5XNYv8 Categories (other): French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 14 15 27 24 21
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: étoffe, étoffement

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "goh"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "estoffer",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French estoffer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "estoffer"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French estoffer",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "estoffer"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French estoffer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*stoppōn",
        "t": "to stuff"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn (“to stuff”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "stopper"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of stopper",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French estoffer, from Old French estoffer, estofer (“to provide what is needed, equip, decorate”), from Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn (“to stuff”). Doublet of stopper.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffant",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffé",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffe",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔf/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffes",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔf/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffe",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔf/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffons",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffent",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔf/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffais",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffais",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffait",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffions",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffiez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffaient",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffai",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffas",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffa",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffâmes",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffâtes",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffèrent",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étofferai",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étofferas",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffera",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étofferons",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étofferez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étofferont",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étofferais",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étofferais",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étofferait",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étofferions",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étofferiez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étofferaient",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffe",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔf/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffes",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔf/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffe",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔf/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffions",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffiez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffent",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔf/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffasse",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffasses",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffât",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffassions",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fa.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffassiez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fa.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffassent",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffe",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔf/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffons",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "étoffer",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "étoffe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "étoffement"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "14 15 27 24 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to stuff (a pillow, food)"
      ],
      "id": "en-étoffer-fr-verb-dEPptGbW",
      "links": [
        [
          "stuff",
          "stuff"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "confectionner"
        },
        {
          "word": "farcir"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Furniture",
          "orig": "fr:Furniture",
          "parents": [
            "Home",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 15 27 24 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to upholster"
      ],
      "id": "en-étoffer-fr-verb-OIcR2Tfk",
      "links": [
        [
          "furniture",
          "furniture"
        ],
        [
          "upholster",
          "upholster"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(furniture) to upholster"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "furniture",
        "lifestyle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Clothing",
          "orig": "fr:Clothing",
          "parents": [
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 15 27 24 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to fill out"
      ],
      "id": "en-étoffer-fr-verb-NqjH4zO3",
      "links": [
        [
          "clothing",
          "clothing#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "fill out",
          "fill out"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(clothing) to fill out"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "business",
        "clothing",
        "fashion",
        "lifestyle",
        "manufacturing",
        "textiles"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "5 5 27 44 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 15 27 24 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 8 19 55 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 4 15 66 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to pad out; to flesh out (give something more substance)"
      ],
      "id": "en-étoffer-fr-verb-fySy3GOW",
      "links": [
        [
          "pad out",
          "pad out"
        ],
        [
          "flesh out",
          "flesh out"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "enrichir"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "14 15 27 24 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Je grandis, je grossis, je m’étoffe.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2009 February 4, Claire Gatinois, “Hans Beck, créateur des figurines en plastique Playmobil”, in Le monde, archived from the original on 2009-02-05:",
          "text": "L’univers de Playmobil s’est étoffé : animaux de la ferme, camions de pompiers, bateaux pirates… Une \"ville Playmobil\" a même été créée, à 10 kilomètres de Nuremberg.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to fill out (to get plumper)"
      ],
      "id": "en-étoffer-fr-verb-~j5XNYv8",
      "links": [
        [
          "fill out",
          "fill out"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive, also figurative) to fill out (to get plumper)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "also",
        "figuratively",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fe/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7-étoffer.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-%C3%A9toffer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-%C3%A9toffer.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-%C3%A9toffer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-%C3%A9toffer.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "étoffer"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "French 3-syllable words",
    "French doublets",
    "French entries with incorrect language header",
    "French first group verbs",
    "French lemmas",
    "French terms derived from Middle French",
    "French terms derived from Old French",
    "French terms derived from Old High German",
    "French terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "French terms inherited from Middle French",
    "French terms inherited from Old French",
    "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "French verbs",
    "French verbs with conjugation -er",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "goh"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "estoffer",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French estoffer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "estoffer"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French estoffer",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "estoffer"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French estoffer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*stoppōn",
        "t": "to stuff"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn (“to stuff”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "stopper"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of stopper",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French estoffer, from Old French estoffer, estofer (“to provide what is needed, equip, decorate”), from Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn (“to stuff”). Doublet of stopper.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffant",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffé",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffe",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔf/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffes",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔf/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffe",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔf/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffons",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffent",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔf/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffais",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffais",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffait",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffions",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffiez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffaient",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffai",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffas",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffa",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffâmes",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffâtes",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffèrent",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étofferai",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étofferas",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffera",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étofferons",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étofferez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étofferont",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étofferais",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étofferais",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étofferait",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étofferions",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étofferiez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étofferaient",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffe",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔf/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffes",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔf/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffe",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔf/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffions",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffiez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffent",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔf/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffasse",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffasses",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffât",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffassions",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fa.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffassiez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fa.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffassent",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffe",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔf/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffons",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étoffez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "étoffer",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "étoffe"
    },
    {
      "word": "étoffement"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to stuff (a pillow, food)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stuff",
          "stuff"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "confectionner"
        },
        {
          "word": "farcir"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "fr:Furniture"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to upholster"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "furniture",
          "furniture"
        ],
        [
          "upholster",
          "upholster"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(furniture) to upholster"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "furniture",
        "lifestyle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "fr:Clothing"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to fill out"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "clothing",
          "clothing#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "fill out",
          "fill out"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(clothing) to fill out"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "business",
        "clothing",
        "fashion",
        "lifestyle",
        "manufacturing",
        "textiles"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to pad out; to flesh out (give something more substance)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pad out",
          "pad out"
        ],
        [
          "flesh out",
          "flesh out"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "enrichir"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French reflexive verbs",
        "French terms with quotations",
        "French terms with usage examples",
        "Requests for translations of French quotations",
        "Requests for translations of French usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Je grandis, je grossis, je m’étoffe.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2009 February 4, Claire Gatinois, “Hans Beck, créateur des figurines en plastique Playmobil”, in Le monde, archived from the original on 2009-02-05:",
          "text": "L’univers de Playmobil s’est étoffé : animaux de la ferme, camions de pompiers, bateaux pirates… Une \"ville Playmobil\" a même été créée, à 10 kilomètres de Nuremberg.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to fill out (to get plumper)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fill out",
          "fill out"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive, also figurative) to fill out (to get plumper)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "also",
        "figuratively",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.fe/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7-étoffer.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-%C3%A9toffer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-%C3%A9toffer.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-%C3%A9toffer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-%C3%A9toffer.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "étoffer"
}

Download raw JSONL data for étoffer meaning in All languages combined (12.0kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (65a6e81 and 0dbea76). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.