All languages combined Wiktionary data extraction errors and warnings

abuse/English/verb

2: abuse/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English entries with incorrect language header", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Middle French", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Requests for review of Woiwurrung translations", "Rhymes:English/uːz", "Rhymes:English/uːz/2 syllables", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kabuverdianu translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Woiwurrung translations", "en:Violence"], "derived": [{"word": "abusability"}, {"word": "abusable"}, {"word": "abusage"}, {"word": "abusee"}, {"word": "abuser"}, {"word": "coabuse"}, {"word": "disabuse"}, {"word": "overabuse"}, {"word": "reabuse"}, {"word": "unabusing"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "abusen"}, "expansion": "Middle English abusen", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "frm", "3": "abuser"}, "expansion": "Middle French abuser", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "abūsus", "4": "", "5": "misused, using up"}, "expansion": "Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”)", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English abusen, from Middle French abuser, from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“to use up, misuse, consume”), from ab (“from, away from”) + ūtor (“to use”).", "forms": [{"form": "abuses", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "abusing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "abused", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "abused", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "abuse (third-person singular simple present abuses, present participle abusing, simple past and past participle abused)", "name": "en-verb"}], "hyphenation": ["abuse"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "related": [{"word": "abusive"}, {"word": "abusively"}, {"word": "abusiveness"}], "senses": [{"categories": ["English links with manual fragments", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"text": "He abused his authority.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1856, James Anthony Froude, History of England from the fall of Wolsey to the defeat of the Spanish Armada, volume 1, published 1870, page 353:", "text": "This principle (if we may so abuse the word) shot rapidly into popularity", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert"], "links": [["misapply", "misapply"], ["improperly", "improperly"], ["pervert", "pervert"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert"], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "a. 1990, R. S. Thomas, At It:", "text": "And I would have things to say to this God at the judgement, storming at him, as Job stormed with the eloquence of the abused heart.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly."], "links": [["injure", "injure"], ["maltreat", "maltreat"], ["hurt", "hurt"], ["cruelty", "cruelty"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly."], "synonyms": [{"word": "maltreat"}, {"word": "injure"}, {"word": "harm"}, {"word": "do evil"}], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter XIV, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:", "text": "The […] tellers of news abused the general.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1904, W. B. Yeats, The King's Threshold:", "text": "But ever and always curse him and abuse him.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1991, Yakubu Yahaya, quoted in: 2001, Toyin Falola, Violence in Nigeria: The Crisis of Religious Politics and Secular Ideologies, p. 199", "text": "So we were angered by this and we could not tolerate this one because prophet Mohammed has been abused so many times in this country. Awolowo abused him sometimes ago saying that he was more successful and popular that Mohammed and Jesus."}, {"ref": "2020, “'Our team are here to help, not hurt': Woolworths urge customers not to abuse staff”, in Nine News:", "text": "However, shortages have seen customers yelling at employees, and abusing staff members as they work frantically to keep up with demand.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage."], "links": [["coarse", "coarse"], ["insult", "insult"], ["revile", "revile"], ["malign", "malign"], ["disparage", "disparage"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage."], "senseid": ["en:insult"], "synonyms": [{"word": "revile"}, {"word": "reproach"}, {"word": "vilify"}, {"word": "vituperate"}, {"word": "offend"}], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually."], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English reflexive verbs", "English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 16, page 276:", "text": "Like Angels life was then mens happy cace;\nBut later ages pride, like corn-fed ſteed,\nAbuſd her plenty, and fat ſwolne encreace\nTo all licentious luſt, and gan exceed", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1722, Onania; or, The Heinous Sin of Self-Pollution, 6th edition, London, retrieved 2022-02-28, page 26:", "text": "This the Holy Scripture teaches, as expreſly as may be; Neither Fornicators, ſays St. Paul, nor Adulterers, nor the Abominable, ſhall inherit the Kingdom of God; cautioning alſo at the ſame time, that we don’t abuſe our ſelves, nor flatter our ſelves in this Reſpect.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2003, Thomas W. Laqueur, Solitary Sex: A Cultural History of Masturbation, New York: Zone Books, →ISBN, retrieved 2022-02-28, page 14:", "text": "Through “wantonness,” or just by being “idle and alone,” or by the instruction of intimates, the young learn to abuse themselves without learning how wrong and dangerous it is.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate."], "links": [["violate", "violate"], ["defile", "defile"], ["rape", "rape"], ["masturbate", "masturbate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, archaic) To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate."], "tags": ["archaic", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling:", "text": "Believe me, sir, he hath been abused, grossly abused to you.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Misrepresent; adulterate."], "links": [["adulterate", "adulterate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete) Misrepresent; adulterate."], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"text": "1651-2, Jeremy Taylor, \"Sermon VI, The House of Feasting; or, The Epicures Measures\", in The works of Jeremy Taylor, Volume 1, page 283 (1831), edited by Thomas Smart Hughes\nWhen Cyrus had espied Astyages and his fellows coming drunk from a banquet loaden with variety of follies and filthiness, their legs failing them, their eyes red and staring, cozened with a moist cloud and abused by a double object"}], "glosses": ["To deceive; to trick; to impose on; misuse the confidence of."], "links": [["deceive", "deceive"], ["trick", "trick"], ["impose", "impose"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete) To deceive; to trick; to impose on; misuse the confidence of."], "synonyms": [{"word": "com"}, {"word": "hustle"}, {"word": "deceive"}], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English transitive verbs", "Scottish English"], "glosses": ["Disuse."], "links": [["Disuse", "disuse"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete, Scotland) Disuse."], "tags": ["Scotland", "obsolete", "transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/əˈbjuːz/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/əˈbjuz/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "əbyo͞oz'", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-us-abuse-verb.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-uːz"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔasāʔa istiʕmāla", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "أَسَاءَ اِسْتِعْمَالَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "čʻarašahel", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "չարաշահել"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abusatu"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zloupotrebjávam", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "злоупотребя́вам"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "lànyòng", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "濫用 /滥用"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "misbruge"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "misbruiken"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "verkeerd gebruiken"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "misuzi"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "mistrakti"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "väärinkäyttää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "käyttää hyväksi"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "missbrauchen"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "nitzél l'rá'a", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "ניצל לרעה"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "visszaél"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "menyalahgunakan"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abusare"}, {"alt": "らんようする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "ran'yō suru", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "濫用する"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuza"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuzá"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "ləəhlməəh", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "លើសល្មើស"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abūtor"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "piknaudžiauti"}, {"code": "lb", "lang": "Luxembourgish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuséieren"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "raukoti"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "misbruke"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuza"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zloupotrebljátʹ", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "злоупотребля́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zloupotrebítʹ", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "злоупотреби́ть"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "злоупотребити"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "zloupotrebiti"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "missbruka"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "utnyttja"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zlovžyváty", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "зловжива́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zlovžýty", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "зловжи́ти"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "lạm dụng"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "migebön"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "slanön"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔāḏā", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "آذَى"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abusatu"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "zdzjékavacca", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "здзе́кавацца"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "nüèdài", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "虐待"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "cuīcán", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "摧殘 /摧残"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "mishandle"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "mishandelen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "pahoinpidellä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "missbrauchen"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "ganaitjan", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "anamahtjan", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "hitalél", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "התעלל"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "misþyrma"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abusare"}, {"alt": "こくしする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "kokushi suru", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "酷使する"}, {"alt": "ぎゃくたいする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "gyakutai suru", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "虐待する"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "piənpiə", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "ពានពារ"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bɑmpiə", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "បំពារ"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bɑmpiən", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "បំពាន"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bɑɑbɑngkrɔɔp", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "បង្គ្រប"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "whakakinokino"}, {"code": "mi", "english": "sexually", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "taitōkai"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "tūkino"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "maukino"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "raukoti"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "mishandle"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "maltretować"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "zmaltretować"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "znęcać się"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "izdevátʹsja", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "издева́ться"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "злостављати"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "zlostavljati"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "misshandla"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "znuščátysja", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "знуща́тися"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "bạo hành"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔahāna", "sense": "to insult", "word": "أَهَانَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "sabba", "sense": "to insult", "word": "سَبَّ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "šatama", "sense": "to insult", "word": "شَتَمَ"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "abražácʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "абража́ць"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "abrázicʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "абра́зіць"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "oskǎrbjávam", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "оскърбя́вам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "oskǎrbjá", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "оскърбя́"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "obíždam", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "оби́ждам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "obídja", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "оби́дя"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "rǔmà", "sense": "to insult", "word": "辱罵 /辱骂"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "wǔrǔ", "sense": "to insult", "word": "侮辱"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to insult", "word": "beschimpen"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to insult", "word": "uitschelden"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "to insult", "word": "insulti"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to insult", "word": "herjata"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to insult", "word": "solvata"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to insult", "word": "beschimpfen"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to insult", "word": "beleidigen"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "loidoréō", "sense": "to insult", "word": "λοιδορέω"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "hishtaléakh", "sense": "to insult", "word": "השתלח"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "burā bhalā kahnā", "sense": "to insult", "word": "बुरा भला कहना"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "gālī denā", "sense": "to insult", "word": "गाली देना"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "to insult", "word": "maslaigh"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "insultare"}, {"alt": "ののしる", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "nonoshiru", "sense": "to insult", "word": "罵る"}, {"alt": "ばとうする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "batō suru", "sense": "to insult", "word": "罵倒する"}, {"alt": "ぶじょくする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "bujoku suru", "sense": "to insult", "word": "侮辱する"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to insult", "word": "abuza"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to insult", "word": "abuzá"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "moyokhada", "sense": "to insult", "word": "모욕하다"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to insult", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "įžeidinėti"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to insult", "word": "whakamanioro"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to insult", "word": "whakamania"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "skjelle ut"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "to insult", "word": "misbēodan"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to insult", "word": "insultar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to insult", "word": "ultrajar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to insult", "word": "afrontar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to insult", "word": "ofender"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "oskorbljátʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "оскорбля́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "oskorbítʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "оскорби́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "obižátʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "обижа́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "obídetʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "оби́деть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "rugátʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "руга́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "obrugátʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "обруга́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "materítʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "матери́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "obmaterítʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "обматери́ть"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "vrijeđati"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "psovati"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "obražáty", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "обража́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pryhnóbljuvaty", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "пригно́блювати"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to insult", "word": "lenofön"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to insult", "word": "nofön"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to insult", "word": "lunofön"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended", "word": "väärinkäyttää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended", "word": "käyttää hyväksi"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended", "word": "raukoti"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "iḡtaṣaba", "sense": "to rape", "word": "اِغْتَصَبَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "intahaka", "sense": "to rape", "word": "اِنْتَهَكَ"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "hvaltavácʹ", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гвалтава́ць"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "zhvaltavácʹ", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "згвалтава́ць"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "iznasílvam", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "изнаси́лвам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "iznasílja", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "изнаси́ля"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to rape", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to rape", "word": "violar"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "cuīcán", "sense": "to rape", "word": "摧殘 /摧残"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "voldtage"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to rape", "word": "misbruiken"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to rape", "word": "onteren"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to rape", "word": "verkrachten"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "raiskata"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "käyttää hyväksi"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to rape", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to rape", "word": "vergewaltigen"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to rape", "word": "missbrauchen"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to rape", "word": "violentare"}, {"alt": "せいてきぎゃくたいする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "seitekigyakutai suru", "sense": "to rape", "word": "性的虐待する"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gangganhada", "sense": "to rape", "word": "강간하다"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "seongpokhaenghada", "sense": "to rape", "word": "성폭행하다"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to rape", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to rape", "word": "pāwhera"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "to rape", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "to rape", "word": "voldta"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "to rape", "word": "valdta"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "gwałcić"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "zgwałcić"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to rape", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "nasílovatʹ", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "наси́ловать"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "iznasílovatʹ", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "изнаси́ловать"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "violar"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "våldta"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "hvaltuváty", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гвалтува́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zhvaltuváty", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "згвалтува́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "gvaltuváty", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "ґвалтува́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zgvaltuváty", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "зґвалтува́ти"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ḵadaʕa", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "خَدَعَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ḡašša", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "غَشَّ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ḍallala", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "ضَلَّلَ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "väärinkäyttää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "käyttää hyväksi"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "ingannare"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "enganar"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "engañar"}], "word": "abuse"}
1: abuse/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English entries with incorrect language header", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Middle French", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Requests for review of Woiwurrung translations", "Rhymes:English/uːz", "Rhymes:English/uːz/2 syllables", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kabuverdianu translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Woiwurrung translations", "en:Violence"], "derived": [{"word": "abusability"}, {"word": "abusable"}, {"word": "abusage"}, {"word": "abusee"}, {"word": "abuser"}, {"word": "coabuse"}, {"word": "disabuse"}, {"word": "overabuse"}, {"word": "reabuse"}, {"word": "unabusing"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "abusen"}, "expansion": "Middle English abusen", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "frm", "3": "abuser"}, "expansion": "Middle French abuser", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "abūsus", "4": "", "5": "misused, using up"}, "expansion": "Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”)", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English abusen, from Middle French abuser, from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“to use up, misuse, consume”), from ab (“from, away from”) + ūtor (“to use”).", "forms": [{"form": "abuses", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "abusing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "abused", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "abused", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "abuse (third-person singular simple present abuses, present participle abusing, simple past and past participle abused)", "name": "en-verb"}], "hyphenation": ["abuse"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "related": [{"word": "abusive"}, {"word": "abusively"}, {"word": "abusiveness"}], "senses": [{"categories": ["English links with manual fragments", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"text": "He abused his authority.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1856, James Anthony Froude, History of England from the fall of Wolsey to the defeat of the Spanish Armada, volume 1, published 1870, page 353:", "text": "This principle (if we may so abuse the word) shot rapidly into popularity", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert"], "links": [["misapply", "misapply"], ["improperly", "improperly"], ["pervert", "pervert"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert"], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "a. 1990, R. S. Thomas, At It:", "text": "And I would have things to say to this God at the judgement, storming at him, as Job stormed with the eloquence of the abused heart.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly."], "links": [["injure", "injure"], ["maltreat", "maltreat"], ["hurt", "hurt"], ["cruelty", "cruelty"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly."], "synonyms": [{"word": "maltreat"}, {"word": "injure"}, {"word": "harm"}, {"word": "do evil"}], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter XIV, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:", "text": "The […] tellers of news abused the general.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1904, W. B. Yeats, The King's Threshold:", "text": "But ever and always curse him and abuse him.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1991, Yakubu Yahaya, quoted in: 2001, Toyin Falola, Violence in Nigeria: The Crisis of Religious Politics and Secular Ideologies, p. 199", "text": "So we were angered by this and we could not tolerate this one because prophet Mohammed has been abused so many times in this country. Awolowo abused him sometimes ago saying that he was more successful and popular that Mohammed and Jesus."}, {"ref": "2020, “'Our team are here to help, not hurt': Woolworths urge customers not to abuse staff”, in Nine News:", "text": "However, shortages have seen customers yelling at employees, and abusing staff members as they work frantically to keep up with demand.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage."], "links": [["coarse", "coarse"], ["insult", "insult"], ["revile", "revile"], ["malign", "malign"], ["disparage", "disparage"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage."], "senseid": ["en:insult"], "synonyms": [{"word": "revile"}, {"word": "reproach"}, {"word": "vilify"}, {"word": "vituperate"}, {"word": "offend"}], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually."], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English reflexive verbs", "English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 16, page 276:", "text": "Like Angels life was then mens happy cace;\nBut later ages pride, like corn-fed ſteed,\nAbuſd her plenty, and fat ſwolne encreace\nTo all licentious luſt, and gan exceed", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1722, Onania; or, The Heinous Sin of Self-Pollution, 6th edition, London, retrieved 2022-02-28, page 26:", "text": "This the Holy Scripture teaches, as expreſly as may be; Neither Fornicators, ſays St. Paul, nor Adulterers, nor the Abominable, ſhall inherit the Kingdom of God; cautioning alſo at the ſame time, that we don’t abuſe our ſelves, nor flatter our ſelves in this Reſpect.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2003, Thomas W. Laqueur, Solitary Sex: A Cultural History of Masturbation, New York: Zone Books, →ISBN, retrieved 2022-02-28, page 14:", "text": "Through “wantonness,” or just by being “idle and alone,” or by the instruction of intimates, the young learn to abuse themselves without learning how wrong and dangerous it is.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate."], "links": [["violate", "violate"], ["defile", "defile"], ["rape", "rape"], ["masturbate", "masturbate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, archaic) To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate."], "tags": ["archaic", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling:", "text": "Believe me, sir, he hath been abused, grossly abused to you.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Misrepresent; adulterate."], "links": [["adulterate", "adulterate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete) Misrepresent; adulterate."], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"text": "1651-2, Jeremy Taylor, \"Sermon VI, The House of Feasting; or, The Epicures Measures\", in The works of Jeremy Taylor, Volume 1, page 283 (1831), edited by Thomas Smart Hughes\nWhen Cyrus had espied Astyages and his fellows coming drunk from a banquet loaden with variety of follies and filthiness, their legs failing them, their eyes red and staring, cozened with a moist cloud and abused by a double object"}], "glosses": ["To deceive; to trick; to impose on; misuse the confidence of."], "links": [["deceive", "deceive"], ["trick", "trick"], ["impose", "impose"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete) To deceive; to trick; to impose on; misuse the confidence of."], "synonyms": [{"word": "com"}, {"word": "hustle"}, {"word": "deceive"}], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English transitive verbs", "Scottish English"], "glosses": ["Disuse."], "links": [["Disuse", "disuse"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete, Scotland) Disuse."], "tags": ["Scotland", "obsolete", "transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/əˈbjuːz/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/əˈbjuz/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "əbyo͞oz'", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-us-abuse-verb.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-uːz"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔasāʔa istiʕmāla", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "أَسَاءَ اِسْتِعْمَالَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "čʻarašahel", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "չարաշահել"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abusatu"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zloupotrebjávam", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "злоупотребя́вам"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "lànyòng", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "濫用 /滥用"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "misbruge"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "misbruiken"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "verkeerd gebruiken"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "misuzi"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "mistrakti"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "väärinkäyttää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "käyttää hyväksi"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "missbrauchen"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "nitzél l'rá'a", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "ניצל לרעה"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "visszaél"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "menyalahgunakan"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abusare"}, {"alt": "らんようする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "ran'yō suru", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "濫用する"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuza"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuzá"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "ləəhlməəh", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "លើសល្មើស"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abūtor"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "piknaudžiauti"}, {"code": "lb", "lang": "Luxembourgish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuséieren"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "raukoti"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "misbruke"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuza"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zloupotrebljátʹ", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "злоупотребля́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zloupotrebítʹ", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "злоупотреби́ть"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "злоупотребити"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "zloupotrebiti"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "missbruka"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "utnyttja"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zlovžyváty", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "зловжива́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zlovžýty", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "зловжи́ти"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "lạm dụng"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "migebön"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "slanön"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔāḏā", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "آذَى"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abusatu"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "zdzjékavacca", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "здзе́кавацца"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "nüèdài", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "虐待"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "cuīcán", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "摧殘 /摧残"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "mishandle"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "mishandelen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "pahoinpidellä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "missbrauchen"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "ganaitjan", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "anamahtjan", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "hitalél", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "התעלל"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "misþyrma"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abusare"}, {"alt": "こくしする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "kokushi suru", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "酷使する"}, {"alt": "ぎゃくたいする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "gyakutai suru", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "虐待する"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "piənpiə", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "ពានពារ"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bɑmpiə", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "បំពារ"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bɑmpiən", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "បំពាន"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bɑɑbɑngkrɔɔp", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "បង្គ្រប"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "whakakinokino"}, {"code": "mi", "english": "sexually", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "taitōkai"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "tūkino"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "maukino"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "raukoti"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "mishandle"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "maltretować"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "zmaltretować"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "znęcać się"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "izdevátʹsja", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "издева́ться"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "злостављати"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "zlostavljati"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "misshandla"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "znuščátysja", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "знуща́тися"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "bạo hành"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔahāna", "sense": "to insult", "word": "أَهَانَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "sabba", "sense": "to insult", "word": "سَبَّ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "šatama", "sense": "to insult", "word": "شَتَمَ"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "abražácʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "абража́ць"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "abrázicʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "абра́зіць"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "oskǎrbjávam", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "оскърбя́вам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "oskǎrbjá", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "оскърбя́"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "obíždam", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "оби́ждам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "obídja", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "оби́дя"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "rǔmà", "sense": "to insult", "word": "辱罵 /辱骂"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "wǔrǔ", "sense": "to insult", "word": "侮辱"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to insult", "word": "beschimpen"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to insult", "word": "uitschelden"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "to insult", "word": "insulti"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to insult", "word": "herjata"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to insult", "word": "solvata"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to insult", "word": "beschimpfen"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to insult", "word": "beleidigen"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "loidoréō", "sense": "to insult", "word": "λοιδορέω"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "hishtaléakh", "sense": "to insult", "word": "השתלח"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "burā bhalā kahnā", "sense": "to insult", "word": "बुरा भला कहना"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "gālī denā", "sense": "to insult", "word": "गाली देना"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "to insult", "word": "maslaigh"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "insultare"}, {"alt": "ののしる", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "nonoshiru", "sense": "to insult", "word": "罵る"}, {"alt": "ばとうする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "batō suru", "sense": "to insult", "word": "罵倒する"}, {"alt": "ぶじょくする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "bujoku suru", "sense": "to insult", "word": "侮辱する"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to insult", "word": "abuza"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to insult", "word": "abuzá"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "moyokhada", "sense": "to insult", "word": "모욕하다"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to insult", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "įžeidinėti"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to insult", "word": "whakamanioro"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to insult", "word": "whakamania"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "skjelle ut"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "to insult", "word": "misbēodan"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to insult", "word": "insultar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to insult", "word": "ultrajar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to insult", "word": "afrontar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to insult", "word": "ofender"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "oskorbljátʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "оскорбля́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "oskorbítʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "оскорби́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "obižátʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "обижа́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "obídetʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "оби́деть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "rugátʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "руга́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "obrugátʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "обруга́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "materítʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "матери́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "obmaterítʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "обматери́ть"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "vrijeđati"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "psovati"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "obražáty", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "обража́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pryhnóbljuvaty", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "пригно́блювати"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to insult", "word": "lenofön"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to insult", "word": "nofön"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to insult", "word": "lunofön"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended", "word": "väärinkäyttää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended", "word": "käyttää hyväksi"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended", "word": "raukoti"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "iḡtaṣaba", "sense": "to rape", "word": "اِغْتَصَبَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "intahaka", "sense": "to rape", "word": "اِنْتَهَكَ"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "hvaltavácʹ", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гвалтава́ць"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "zhvaltavácʹ", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "згвалтава́ць"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "iznasílvam", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "изнаси́лвам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "iznasílja", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "изнаси́ля"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to rape", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to rape", "word": "violar"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "cuīcán", "sense": "to rape", "word": "摧殘 /摧残"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "voldtage"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to rape", "word": "misbruiken"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to rape", "word": "onteren"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to rape", "word": "verkrachten"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "raiskata"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "käyttää hyväksi"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to rape", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to rape", "word": "vergewaltigen"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to rape", "word": "missbrauchen"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to rape", "word": "violentare"}, {"alt": "せいてきぎゃくたいする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "seitekigyakutai suru", "sense": "to rape", "word": "性的虐待する"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gangganhada", "sense": "to rape", "word": "강간하다"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "seongpokhaenghada", "sense": "to rape", "word": "성폭행하다"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to rape", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to rape", "word": "pāwhera"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "to rape", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "to rape", "word": "voldta"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "to rape", "word": "valdta"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "gwałcić"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "zgwałcić"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to rape", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "nasílovatʹ", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "наси́ловать"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "iznasílovatʹ", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "изнаси́ловать"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "violar"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "våldta"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "hvaltuváty", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гвалтува́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zhvaltuváty", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "згвалтува́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "gvaltuváty", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "ґвалтува́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zgvaltuváty", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "зґвалтува́ти"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ḵadaʕa", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "خَدَعَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ḡašša", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "غَشَّ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ḍallala", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "ضَلَّلَ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "väärinkäyttää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "käyttää hyväksi"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "ingannare"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "enganar"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "engañar"}], "word": "abuse"}

abuse/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English entries with incorrect language header", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Middle French", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Requests for review of Woiwurrung translations", "Rhymes:English/uːz", "Rhymes:English/uːz/2 syllables", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kabuverdianu translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Woiwurrung translations", "en:Violence"], "derived": [{"word": "abusability"}, {"word": "abusable"}, {"word": "abusage"}, {"word": "abusee"}, {"word": "abuser"}, {"word": "coabuse"}, {"word": "disabuse"}, {"word": "overabuse"}, {"word": "reabuse"}, {"word": "unabusing"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "abusen"}, "expansion": "Middle English abusen", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "frm", "3": "abuser"}, "expansion": "Middle French abuser", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "abūsus", "4": "", "5": "misused, using up"}, "expansion": "Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”)", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English abusen, from Middle French abuser, from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“to use up, misuse, consume”), from ab (“from, away from”) + ūtor (“to use”).", "forms": [{"form": "abuses", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "abusing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "abused", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "abused", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "abuse (third-person singular simple present abuses, present participle abusing, simple past and past participle abused)", "name": "en-verb"}], "hyphenation": ["abuse"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "related": [{"word": "abusive"}, {"word": "abusively"}, {"word": "abusiveness"}], "senses": [{"categories": ["English links with manual fragments", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"text": "He abused his authority.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1856, James Anthony Froude, History of England from the fall of Wolsey to the defeat of the Spanish Armada, volume 1, published 1870, page 353:", "text": "This principle (if we may so abuse the word) shot rapidly into popularity", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert"], "links": [["misapply", "misapply"], ["improperly", "improperly"], ["pervert", "pervert"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert"], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "a. 1990, R. S. Thomas, At It:", "text": "And I would have things to say to this God at the judgement, storming at him, as Job stormed with the eloquence of the abused heart.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly."], "links": [["injure", "injure"], ["maltreat", "maltreat"], ["hurt", "hurt"], ["cruelty", "cruelty"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly."], "synonyms": [{"word": "maltreat"}, {"word": "injure"}, {"word": "harm"}, {"word": "do evil"}], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter XIV, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:", "text": "The […] tellers of news abused the general.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1904, W. B. Yeats, The King's Threshold:", "text": "But ever and always curse him and abuse him.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1991, Yakubu Yahaya, quoted in: 2001, Toyin Falola, Violence in Nigeria: The Crisis of Religious Politics and Secular Ideologies, p. 199", "text": "So we were angered by this and we could not tolerate this one because prophet Mohammed has been abused so many times in this country. Awolowo abused him sometimes ago saying that he was more successful and popular that Mohammed and Jesus."}, {"ref": "2020, “'Our team are here to help, not hurt': Woolworths urge customers not to abuse staff”, in Nine News:", "text": "However, shortages have seen customers yelling at employees, and abusing staff members as they work frantically to keep up with demand.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage."], "links": [["coarse", "coarse"], ["insult", "insult"], ["revile", "revile"], ["malign", "malign"], ["disparage", "disparage"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage."], "senseid": ["en:insult"], "synonyms": [{"word": "revile"}, {"word": "reproach"}, {"word": "vilify"}, {"word": "vituperate"}, {"word": "offend"}], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually."], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English reflexive verbs", "English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 16, page 276:", "text": "Like Angels life was then mens happy cace;\nBut later ages pride, like corn-fed ſteed,\nAbuſd her plenty, and fat ſwolne encreace\nTo all licentious luſt, and gan exceed", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1722, Onania; or, The Heinous Sin of Self-Pollution, 6th edition, London, retrieved 2022-02-28, page 26:", "text": "This the Holy Scripture teaches, as expreſly as may be; Neither Fornicators, ſays St. Paul, nor Adulterers, nor the Abominable, ſhall inherit the Kingdom of God; cautioning alſo at the ſame time, that we don’t abuſe our ſelves, nor flatter our ſelves in this Reſpect.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2003, Thomas W. Laqueur, Solitary Sex: A Cultural History of Masturbation, New York: Zone Books, →ISBN, retrieved 2022-02-28, page 14:", "text": "Through “wantonness,” or just by being “idle and alone,” or by the instruction of intimates, the young learn to abuse themselves without learning how wrong and dangerous it is.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate."], "links": [["violate", "violate"], ["defile", "defile"], ["rape", "rape"], ["masturbate", "masturbate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, archaic) To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate."], "tags": ["archaic", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling:", "text": "Believe me, sir, he hath been abused, grossly abused to you.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Misrepresent; adulterate."], "links": [["adulterate", "adulterate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete) Misrepresent; adulterate."], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"text": "1651-2, Jeremy Taylor, \"Sermon VI, The House of Feasting; or, The Epicures Measures\", in The works of Jeremy Taylor, Volume 1, page 283 (1831), edited by Thomas Smart Hughes\nWhen Cyrus had espied Astyages and his fellows coming drunk from a banquet loaden with variety of follies and filthiness, their legs failing them, their eyes red and staring, cozened with a moist cloud and abused by a double object"}], "glosses": ["To deceive; to trick; to impose on; misuse the confidence of."], "links": [["deceive", "deceive"], ["trick", "trick"], ["impose", "impose"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete) To deceive; to trick; to impose on; misuse the confidence of."], "synonyms": [{"word": "com"}, {"word": "hustle"}, {"word": "deceive"}], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English transitive verbs", "Scottish English"], "glosses": ["Disuse."], "links": [["Disuse", "disuse"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete, Scotland) Disuse."], "tags": ["Scotland", "obsolete", "transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/əˈbjuːz/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/əˈbjuz/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "əbyo͞oz'", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-us-abuse-verb.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-uːz"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔasāʔa istiʕmāla", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "أَسَاءَ اِسْتِعْمَالَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "čʻarašahel", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "չարաշահել"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abusatu"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zloupotrebjávam", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "злоупотребя́вам"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "lànyòng", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "濫用 /滥用"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "misbruge"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "misbruiken"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "verkeerd gebruiken"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "misuzi"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "mistrakti"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "väärinkäyttää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "käyttää hyväksi"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "missbrauchen"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "nitzél l'rá'a", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "ניצל לרעה"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "visszaél"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "menyalahgunakan"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abusare"}, {"alt": "らんようする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "ran'yō suru", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "濫用する"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuza"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuzá"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "ləəhlməəh", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "លើសល្មើស"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abūtor"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "piknaudžiauti"}, {"code": "lb", "lang": "Luxembourgish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuséieren"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "raukoti"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "misbruke"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuza"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zloupotrebljátʹ", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "злоупотребля́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zloupotrebítʹ", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "злоупотреби́ть"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "злоупотребити"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "zloupotrebiti"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "missbruka"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "utnyttja"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zlovžyváty", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "зловжива́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zlovžýty", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "зловжи́ти"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "lạm dụng"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "migebön"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "slanön"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔāḏā", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "آذَى"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abusatu"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "zdzjékavacca", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "здзе́кавацца"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "nüèdài", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "虐待"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "cuīcán", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "摧殘 /摧残"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "mishandle"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "mishandelen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "pahoinpidellä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "missbrauchen"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "ganaitjan", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "anamahtjan", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "hitalél", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "התעלל"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "misþyrma"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abusare"}, {"alt": "こくしする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "kokushi suru", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "酷使する"}, {"alt": "ぎゃくたいする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "gyakutai suru", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "虐待する"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "piənpiə", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "ពានពារ"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bɑmpiə", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "បំពារ"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bɑmpiən", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "បំពាន"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bɑɑbɑngkrɔɔp", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "បង្គ្រប"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "whakakinokino"}, {"code": "mi", "english": "sexually", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "taitōkai"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "tūkino"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "maukino"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "raukoti"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "mishandle"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "maltretować"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "zmaltretować"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "znęcać się"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "izdevátʹsja", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "издева́ться"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "злостављати"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "zlostavljati"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "misshandla"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "znuščátysja", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "знуща́тися"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "bạo hành"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔahāna", "sense": "to insult", "word": "أَهَانَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "sabba", "sense": "to insult", "word": "سَبَّ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "šatama", "sense": "to insult", "word": "شَتَمَ"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "abražácʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "абража́ць"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "abrázicʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "абра́зіць"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "oskǎrbjávam", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "оскърбя́вам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "oskǎrbjá", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "оскърбя́"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "obíždam", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "оби́ждам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "obídja", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "оби́дя"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "rǔmà", "sense": "to insult", "word": "辱罵 /辱骂"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "wǔrǔ", "sense": "to insult", "word": "侮辱"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to insult", "word": "beschimpen"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to insult", "word": "uitschelden"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "to insult", "word": "insulti"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to insult", "word": "herjata"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to insult", "word": "solvata"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to insult", "word": "beschimpfen"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to insult", "word": "beleidigen"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "loidoréō", "sense": "to insult", "word": "λοιδορέω"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "hishtaléakh", "sense": "to insult", "word": "השתלח"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "burā bhalā kahnā", "sense": "to insult", "word": "बुरा भला कहना"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "gālī denā", "sense": "to insult", "word": "गाली देना"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "to insult", "word": "maslaigh"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "insultare"}, {"alt": "ののしる", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "nonoshiru", "sense": "to insult", "word": "罵る"}, {"alt": "ばとうする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "batō suru", "sense": "to insult", "word": "罵倒する"}, {"alt": "ぶじょくする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "bujoku suru", "sense": "to insult", "word": "侮辱する"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to insult", "word": "abuza"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to insult", "word": "abuzá"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "moyokhada", "sense": "to insult", "word": "모욕하다"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to insult", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "įžeidinėti"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to insult", "word": "whakamanioro"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to insult", "word": "whakamania"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "skjelle ut"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "to insult", "word": "misbēodan"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to insult", "word": "insultar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to insult", "word": "ultrajar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to insult", "word": "afrontar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to insult", "word": "ofender"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "oskorbljátʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "оскорбля́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "oskorbítʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "оскорби́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "obižátʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "обижа́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "obídetʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "оби́деть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "rugátʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "руга́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "obrugátʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "обруга́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "materítʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "матери́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "obmaterítʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "обматери́ть"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "vrijeđati"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "psovati"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "obražáty", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "обража́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pryhnóbljuvaty", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "пригно́блювати"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to insult", "word": "lenofön"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to insult", "word": "nofön"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to insult", "word": "lunofön"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended", "word": "väärinkäyttää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended", "word": "käyttää hyväksi"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended", "word": "raukoti"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "iḡtaṣaba", "sense": "to rape", "word": "اِغْتَصَبَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "intahaka", "sense": "to rape", "word": "اِنْتَهَكَ"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "hvaltavácʹ", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гвалтава́ць"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "zhvaltavácʹ", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "згвалтава́ць"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "iznasílvam", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "изнаси́лвам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "iznasílja", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "изнаси́ля"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to rape", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to rape", "word": "violar"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "cuīcán", "sense": "to rape", "word": "摧殘 /摧残"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "voldtage"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to rape", "word": "misbruiken"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to rape", "word": "onteren"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to rape", "word": "verkrachten"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "raiskata"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "käyttää hyväksi"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to rape", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to rape", "word": "vergewaltigen"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to rape", "word": "missbrauchen"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to rape", "word": "violentare"}, {"alt": "せいてきぎゃくたいする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "seitekigyakutai suru", "sense": "to rape", "word": "性的虐待する"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gangganhada", "sense": "to rape", "word": "강간하다"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "seongpokhaenghada", "sense": "to rape", "word": "성폭행하다"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to rape", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to rape", "word": "pāwhera"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "to rape", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "to rape", "word": "voldta"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "to rape", "word": "valdta"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "gwałcić"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "zgwałcić"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to rape", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "nasílovatʹ", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "наси́ловать"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "iznasílovatʹ", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "изнаси́ловать"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "violar"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "våldta"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "hvaltuváty", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гвалтува́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zhvaltuváty", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "згвалтува́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "gvaltuváty", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "ґвалтува́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zgvaltuváty", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "зґвалтува́ти"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ḵadaʕa", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "خَدَعَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ḡašša", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "غَشَّ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ḍallala", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "ضَلَّلَ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "väärinkäyttää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "käyttää hyväksi"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "ingannare"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "enganar"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "engañar"}], "word": "abuse"}

abuse (English verb) abuse/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English entries with incorrect language header", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Middle French", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Requests for review of Woiwurrung translations", "Rhymes:English/uːz", "Rhymes:English/uːz/2 syllables", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kabuverdianu translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Woiwurrung translations", "en:Violence"], "derived": [{"word": "abusability"}, {"word": "abusable"}, {"word": "abusage"}, {"word": "abusee"}, {"word": "abuser"}, {"word": "coabuse"}, {"word": "disabuse"}, {"word": "overabuse"}, {"word": "reabuse"}, {"word": "unabusing"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "abusen"}, "expansion": "Middle English abusen", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "frm", "3": "abuser"}, "expansion": "Middle French abuser", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "abūsus", "4": "", "5": "misused, using up"}, "expansion": "Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”)", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English abusen, from Middle French abuser, from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“to use up, misuse, consume”), from ab (“from, away from”) + ūtor (“to use”).", "forms": [{"form": "abuses", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "abusing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "abused", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "abused", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "abuse (third-person singular simple present abuses, present participle abusing, simple past and past participle abused)", "name": "en-verb"}], "hyphenation": ["abuse"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "related": [{"word": "abusive"}, {"word": "abusively"}, {"word": "abusiveness"}], "senses": [{"categories": ["English links with manual fragments", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"text": "He abused his authority.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1856, James Anthony Froude, History of England from the fall of Wolsey to the defeat of the Spanish Armada, volume 1, published 1870, page 353:", "text": "This principle (if we may so abuse the word) shot rapidly into popularity", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert"], "links": [["misapply", "misapply"], ["improperly", "improperly"], ["pervert", "pervert"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert"], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "a. 1990, R. S. Thomas, At It:", "text": "And I would have things to say to this God at the judgement, storming at him, as Job stormed with the eloquence of the abused heart.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly."], "links": [["injure", "injure"], ["maltreat", "maltreat"], ["hurt", "hurt"], ["cruelty", "cruelty"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly."], "synonyms": [{"word": "maltreat"}, {"word": "injure"}, {"word": "harm"}, {"word": "do evil"}], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter XIV, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:", "text": "The […] tellers of news abused the general.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1904, W. B. Yeats, The King's Threshold:", "text": "But ever and always curse him and abuse him.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1991, Yakubu Yahaya, quoted in: 2001, Toyin Falola, Violence in Nigeria: The Crisis of Religious Politics and Secular Ideologies, p. 199", "text": "So we were angered by this and we could not tolerate this one because prophet Mohammed has been abused so many times in this country. Awolowo abused him sometimes ago saying that he was more successful and popular that Mohammed and Jesus."}, {"ref": "2020, “'Our team are here to help, not hurt': Woolworths urge customers not to abuse staff”, in Nine News:", "text": "However, shortages have seen customers yelling at employees, and abusing staff members as they work frantically to keep up with demand.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage."], "links": [["coarse", "coarse"], ["insult", "insult"], ["revile", "revile"], ["malign", "malign"], ["disparage", "disparage"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage."], "senseid": ["en:insult"], "synonyms": [{"word": "revile"}, {"word": "reproach"}, {"word": "vilify"}, {"word": "vituperate"}, {"word": "offend"}], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually."], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English reflexive verbs", "English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 16, page 276:", "text": "Like Angels life was then mens happy cace;\nBut later ages pride, like corn-fed ſteed,\nAbuſd her plenty, and fat ſwolne encreace\nTo all licentious luſt, and gan exceed", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1722, Onania; or, The Heinous Sin of Self-Pollution, 6th edition, London, retrieved 2022-02-28, page 26:", "text": "This the Holy Scripture teaches, as expreſly as may be; Neither Fornicators, ſays St. Paul, nor Adulterers, nor the Abominable, ſhall inherit the Kingdom of God; cautioning alſo at the ſame time, that we don’t abuſe our ſelves, nor flatter our ſelves in this Reſpect.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2003, Thomas W. Laqueur, Solitary Sex: A Cultural History of Masturbation, New York: Zone Books, →ISBN, retrieved 2022-02-28, page 14:", "text": "Through “wantonness,” or just by being “idle and alone,” or by the instruction of intimates, the young learn to abuse themselves without learning how wrong and dangerous it is.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate."], "links": [["violate", "violate"], ["defile", "defile"], ["rape", "rape"], ["masturbate", "masturbate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, archaic) To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate."], "tags": ["archaic", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling:", "text": "Believe me, sir, he hath been abused, grossly abused to you.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Misrepresent; adulterate."], "links": [["adulterate", "adulterate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete) Misrepresent; adulterate."], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"text": "1651-2, Jeremy Taylor, \"Sermon VI, The House of Feasting; or, The Epicures Measures\", in The works of Jeremy Taylor, Volume 1, page 283 (1831), edited by Thomas Smart Hughes\nWhen Cyrus had espied Astyages and his fellows coming drunk from a banquet loaden with variety of follies and filthiness, their legs failing them, their eyes red and staring, cozened with a moist cloud and abused by a double object"}], "glosses": ["To deceive; to trick; to impose on; misuse the confidence of."], "links": [["deceive", "deceive"], ["trick", "trick"], ["impose", "impose"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete) To deceive; to trick; to impose on; misuse the confidence of."], "synonyms": [{"word": "com"}, {"word": "hustle"}, {"word": "deceive"}], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English transitive verbs", "Scottish English"], "glosses": ["Disuse."], "links": [["Disuse", "disuse"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete, Scotland) Disuse."], "tags": ["Scotland", "obsolete", "transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/əˈbjuːz/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/əˈbjuz/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "əbyo͞oz'", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-us-abuse-verb.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-uːz"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔasāʔa istiʕmāla", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "أَسَاءَ اِسْتِعْمَالَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "čʻarašahel", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "չարաշահել"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abusatu"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zloupotrebjávam", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "злоупотребя́вам"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "lànyòng", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "濫用 /滥用"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "misbruge"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "misbruiken"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "verkeerd gebruiken"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "misuzi"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "mistrakti"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "väärinkäyttää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "käyttää hyväksi"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "missbrauchen"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "nitzél l'rá'a", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "ניצל לרעה"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "visszaél"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "menyalahgunakan"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abusare"}, {"alt": "らんようする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "ran'yō suru", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "濫用する"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuza"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuzá"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "ləəhlməəh", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "លើសល្មើស"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abūtor"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "piknaudžiauti"}, {"code": "lb", "lang": "Luxembourgish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuséieren"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "raukoti"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "misbruke"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuza"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zloupotrebljátʹ", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "злоупотребля́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zloupotrebítʹ", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "злоупотреби́ть"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "злоупотребити"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "zloupotrebiti"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "missbruka"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "utnyttja"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zlovžyváty", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "зловжива́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zlovžýty", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "зловжи́ти"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "lạm dụng"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "migebön"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "slanön"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔāḏā", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "آذَى"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abusatu"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "zdzjékavacca", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "здзе́кавацца"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "nüèdài", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "虐待"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "cuīcán", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "摧殘 /摧残"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "mishandle"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "mishandelen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "pahoinpidellä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "missbrauchen"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "ganaitjan", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "anamahtjan", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "hitalél", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "התעלל"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "misþyrma"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abusare"}, {"alt": "こくしする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "kokushi suru", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "酷使する"}, {"alt": "ぎゃくたいする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "gyakutai suru", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "虐待する"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "piənpiə", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "ពានពារ"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bɑmpiə", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "បំពារ"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bɑmpiən", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "បំពាន"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bɑɑbɑngkrɔɔp", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "បង្គ្រប"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "whakakinokino"}, {"code": "mi", "english": "sexually", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "taitōkai"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "tūkino"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "maukino"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "raukoti"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "mishandle"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "maltretować"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "zmaltretować"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "znęcać się"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "izdevátʹsja", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "издева́ться"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "злостављати"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "zlostavljati"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "misshandla"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "znuščátysja", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "знуща́тися"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "bạo hành"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔahāna", "sense": "to insult", "word": "أَهَانَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "sabba", "sense": "to insult", "word": "سَبَّ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "šatama", "sense": "to insult", "word": "شَتَمَ"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "abražácʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "абража́ць"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "abrázicʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "абра́зіць"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "oskǎrbjávam", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "оскърбя́вам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "oskǎrbjá", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "оскърбя́"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "obíždam", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "оби́ждам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "obídja", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "оби́дя"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "rǔmà", "sense": "to insult", "word": "辱罵 /辱骂"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "wǔrǔ", "sense": "to insult", "word": "侮辱"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to insult", "word": "beschimpen"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to insult", "word": "uitschelden"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "to insult", "word": "insulti"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to insult", "word": "herjata"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to insult", "word": "solvata"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to insult", "word": "beschimpfen"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to insult", "word": "beleidigen"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "loidoréō", "sense": "to insult", "word": "λοιδορέω"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "hishtaléakh", "sense": "to insult", "word": "השתלח"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "burā bhalā kahnā", "sense": "to insult", "word": "बुरा भला कहना"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "gālī denā", "sense": "to insult", "word": "गाली देना"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "to insult", "word": "maslaigh"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "insultare"}, {"alt": "ののしる", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "nonoshiru", "sense": "to insult", "word": "罵る"}, {"alt": "ばとうする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "batō suru", "sense": "to insult", "word": "罵倒する"}, {"alt": "ぶじょくする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "bujoku suru", "sense": "to insult", "word": "侮辱する"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to insult", "word": "abuza"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to insult", "word": "abuzá"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "moyokhada", "sense": "to insult", "word": "모욕하다"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to insult", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "įžeidinėti"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to insult", "word": "whakamanioro"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to insult", "word": "whakamania"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "skjelle ut"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "to insult", "word": "misbēodan"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to insult", "word": "insultar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to insult", "word": "ultrajar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to insult", "word": "afrontar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to insult", "word": "ofender"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "oskorbljátʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "оскорбля́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "oskorbítʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "оскорби́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "obižátʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "обижа́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "obídetʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "оби́деть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "rugátʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "руга́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "obrugátʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "обруга́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "materítʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "матери́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "obmaterítʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "обматери́ть"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "vrijeđati"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "psovati"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "obražáty", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "обража́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pryhnóbljuvaty", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "пригно́блювати"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to insult", "word": "lenofön"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to insult", "word": "nofön"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to insult", "word": "lunofön"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended", "word": "väärinkäyttää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended", "word": "käyttää hyväksi"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended", "word": "raukoti"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "iḡtaṣaba", "sense": "to rape", "word": "اِغْتَصَبَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "intahaka", "sense": "to rape", "word": "اِنْتَهَكَ"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "hvaltavácʹ", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гвалтава́ць"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "zhvaltavácʹ", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "згвалтава́ць"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "iznasílvam", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "изнаси́лвам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "iznasílja", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "изнаси́ля"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to rape", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to rape", "word": "violar"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "cuīcán", "sense": "to rape", "word": "摧殘 /摧残"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "voldtage"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to rape", "word": "misbruiken"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to rape", "word": "onteren"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to rape", "word": "verkrachten"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "raiskata"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "käyttää hyväksi"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to rape", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to rape", "word": "vergewaltigen"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to rape", "word": "missbrauchen"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to rape", "word": "violentare"}, {"alt": "せいてきぎゃくたいする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "seitekigyakutai suru", "sense": "to rape", "word": "性的虐待する"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gangganhada", "sense": "to rape", "word": "강간하다"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "seongpokhaenghada", "sense": "to rape", "word": "성폭행하다"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to rape", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to rape", "word": "pāwhera"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "to rape", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "to rape", "word": "voldta"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "to rape", "word": "valdta"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "gwałcić"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "zgwałcić"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to rape", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "nasílovatʹ", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "наси́ловать"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "iznasílovatʹ", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "изнаси́ловать"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "violar"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "våldta"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "hvaltuváty", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гвалтува́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zhvaltuváty", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "згвалтува́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "gvaltuváty", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "ґвалтува́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zgvaltuváty", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "зґвалтува́ти"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ḵadaʕa", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "خَدَعَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ḡašša", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "غَشَّ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ḍallala", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "ضَلَّلَ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "väärinkäyttää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "käyttää hyväksi"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "ingannare"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "enganar"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "engañar"}], "word": "abuse"}

abuse/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English entries with incorrect language header", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Middle French", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Requests for review of Woiwurrung translations", "Rhymes:English/uːz", "Rhymes:English/uːz/2 syllables", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kabuverdianu translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Woiwurrung translations", "en:Violence"], "derived": [{"word": "abusability"}, {"word": "abusable"}, {"word": "abusage"}, {"word": "abusee"}, {"word": "abuser"}, {"word": "coabuse"}, {"word": "disabuse"}, {"word": "overabuse"}, {"word": "reabuse"}, {"word": "unabusing"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "abusen"}, "expansion": "Middle English abusen", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "frm", "3": "abuser"}, "expansion": "Middle French abuser", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "abūsus", "4": "", "5": "misused, using up"}, "expansion": "Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”)", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English abusen, from Middle French abuser, from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“to use up, misuse, consume”), from ab (“from, away from”) + ūtor (“to use”).", "forms": [{"form": "abuses", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "abusing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "abused", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "abused", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "abuse (third-person singular simple present abuses, present participle abusing, simple past and past participle abused)", "name": "en-verb"}], "hyphenation": ["abuse"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "related": [{"word": "abusive"}, {"word": "abusively"}, {"word": "abusiveness"}], "senses": [{"categories": ["English links with manual fragments", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"text": "He abused his authority.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1856, James Anthony Froude, History of England from the fall of Wolsey to the defeat of the Spanish Armada, volume 1, published 1870, page 353:", "text": "This principle (if we may so abuse the word) shot rapidly into popularity", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert"], "links": [["misapply", "misapply"], ["improperly", "improperly"], ["pervert", "pervert"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert"], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "a. 1990, R. S. Thomas, At It:", "text": "And I would have things to say to this God at the judgement, storming at him, as Job stormed with the eloquence of the abused heart.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly."], "links": [["injure", "injure"], ["maltreat", "maltreat"], ["hurt", "hurt"], ["cruelty", "cruelty"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly."], "synonyms": [{"word": "maltreat"}, {"word": "injure"}, {"word": "harm"}, {"word": "do evil"}], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter XIV, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:", "text": "The […] tellers of news abused the general.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1904, W. B. Yeats, The King's Threshold:", "text": "But ever and always curse him and abuse him.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1991, Yakubu Yahaya, quoted in: 2001, Toyin Falola, Violence in Nigeria: The Crisis of Religious Politics and Secular Ideologies, p. 199", "text": "So we were angered by this and we could not tolerate this one because prophet Mohammed has been abused so many times in this country. Awolowo abused him sometimes ago saying that he was more successful and popular that Mohammed and Jesus."}, {"ref": "2020, “'Our team are here to help, not hurt': Woolworths urge customers not to abuse staff”, in Nine News:", "text": "However, shortages have seen customers yelling at employees, and abusing staff members as they work frantically to keep up with demand.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage."], "links": [["coarse", "coarse"], ["insult", "insult"], ["revile", "revile"], ["malign", "malign"], ["disparage", "disparage"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage."], "senseid": ["en:insult"], "synonyms": [{"word": "revile"}, {"word": "reproach"}, {"word": "vilify"}, {"word": "vituperate"}, {"word": "offend"}], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually."], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English reflexive verbs", "English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 16, page 276:", "text": "Like Angels life was then mens happy cace;\nBut later ages pride, like corn-fed ſteed,\nAbuſd her plenty, and fat ſwolne encreace\nTo all licentious luſt, and gan exceed", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1722, Onania; or, The Heinous Sin of Self-Pollution, 6th edition, London, retrieved 2022-02-28, page 26:", "text": "This the Holy Scripture teaches, as expreſly as may be; Neither Fornicators, ſays St. Paul, nor Adulterers, nor the Abominable, ſhall inherit the Kingdom of God; cautioning alſo at the ſame time, that we don’t abuſe our ſelves, nor flatter our ſelves in this Reſpect.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2003, Thomas W. Laqueur, Solitary Sex: A Cultural History of Masturbation, New York: Zone Books, →ISBN, retrieved 2022-02-28, page 14:", "text": "Through “wantonness,” or just by being “idle and alone,” or by the instruction of intimates, the young learn to abuse themselves without learning how wrong and dangerous it is.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate."], "links": [["violate", "violate"], ["defile", "defile"], ["rape", "rape"], ["masturbate", "masturbate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, archaic) To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate."], "tags": ["archaic", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling:", "text": "Believe me, sir, he hath been abused, grossly abused to you.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Misrepresent; adulterate."], "links": [["adulterate", "adulterate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete) Misrepresent; adulterate."], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"text": "1651-2, Jeremy Taylor, \"Sermon VI, The House of Feasting; or, The Epicures Measures\", in The works of Jeremy Taylor, Volume 1, page 283 (1831), edited by Thomas Smart Hughes\nWhen Cyrus had espied Astyages and his fellows coming drunk from a banquet loaden with variety of follies and filthiness, their legs failing them, their eyes red and staring, cozened with a moist cloud and abused by a double object"}], "glosses": ["To deceive; to trick; to impose on; misuse the confidence of."], "links": [["deceive", "deceive"], ["trick", "trick"], ["impose", "impose"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete) To deceive; to trick; to impose on; misuse the confidence of."], "synonyms": [{"word": "com"}, {"word": "hustle"}, {"word": "deceive"}], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English transitive verbs", "Scottish English"], "glosses": ["Disuse."], "links": [["Disuse", "disuse"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete, Scotland) Disuse."], "tags": ["Scotland", "obsolete", "transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/əˈbjuːz/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/əˈbjuz/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "əbyo͞oz'", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-us-abuse-verb.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-uːz"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔasāʔa istiʕmāla", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "أَسَاءَ اِسْتِعْمَالَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "čʻarašahel", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "չարաշահել"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abusatu"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zloupotrebjávam", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "злоупотребя́вам"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "lànyòng", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "濫用 /滥用"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "misbruge"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "misbruiken"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "verkeerd gebruiken"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "misuzi"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "mistrakti"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "väärinkäyttää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "käyttää hyväksi"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "missbrauchen"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "nitzél l'rá'a", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "ניצל לרעה"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "visszaél"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "menyalahgunakan"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abusare"}, {"alt": "らんようする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "ran'yō suru", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "濫用する"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuza"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuzá"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "ləəhlməəh", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "លើសល្មើស"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abūtor"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "piknaudžiauti"}, {"code": "lb", "lang": "Luxembourgish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuséieren"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "raukoti"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "misbruke"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuza"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zloupotrebljátʹ", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "злоупотребля́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zloupotrebítʹ", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "злоупотреби́ть"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "злоупотребити"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "zloupotrebiti"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "missbruka"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "utnyttja"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zlovžyváty", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "зловжива́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zlovžýty", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "зловжи́ти"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "lạm dụng"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "migebön"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "slanön"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔāḏā", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "آذَى"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abusatu"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "zdzjékavacca", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "здзе́кавацца"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "nüèdài", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "虐待"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "cuīcán", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "摧殘 /摧残"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "mishandle"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "mishandelen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "pahoinpidellä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "missbrauchen"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "ganaitjan", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "anamahtjan", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "hitalél", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "התעלל"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "misþyrma"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abusare"}, {"alt": "こくしする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "kokushi suru", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "酷使する"}, {"alt": "ぎゃくたいする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "gyakutai suru", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "虐待する"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "piənpiə", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "ពានពារ"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bɑmpiə", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "បំពារ"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bɑmpiən", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "បំពាន"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bɑɑbɑngkrɔɔp", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "បង្គ្រប"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "whakakinokino"}, {"code": "mi", "english": "sexually", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "taitōkai"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "tūkino"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "maukino"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "raukoti"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "mishandle"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "maltretować"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "zmaltretować"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "znęcać się"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "izdevátʹsja", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "издева́ться"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "злостављати"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "zlostavljati"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "misshandla"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "znuščátysja", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "знуща́тися"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "bạo hành"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔahāna", "sense": "to insult", "word": "أَهَانَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "sabba", "sense": "to insult", "word": "سَبَّ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "šatama", "sense": "to insult", "word": "شَتَمَ"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "abražácʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "абража́ць"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "abrázicʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "абра́зіць"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "oskǎrbjávam", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "оскърбя́вам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "oskǎrbjá", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "оскърбя́"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "obíždam", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "оби́ждам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "obídja", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "оби́дя"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "rǔmà", "sense": "to insult", "word": "辱罵 /辱骂"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "wǔrǔ", "sense": "to insult", "word": "侮辱"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to insult", "word": "beschimpen"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to insult", "word": "uitschelden"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "to insult", "word": "insulti"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to insult", "word": "herjata"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to insult", "word": "solvata"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to insult", "word": "beschimpfen"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to insult", "word": "beleidigen"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "loidoréō", "sense": "to insult", "word": "λοιδορέω"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "hishtaléakh", "sense": "to insult", "word": "השתלח"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "burā bhalā kahnā", "sense": "to insult", "word": "बुरा भला कहना"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "gālī denā", "sense": "to insult", "word": "गाली देना"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "to insult", "word": "maslaigh"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "insultare"}, {"alt": "ののしる", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "nonoshiru", "sense": "to insult", "word": "罵る"}, {"alt": "ばとうする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "batō suru", "sense": "to insult", "word": "罵倒する"}, {"alt": "ぶじょくする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "bujoku suru", "sense": "to insult", "word": "侮辱する"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to insult", "word": "abuza"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to insult", "word": "abuzá"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "moyokhada", "sense": "to insult", "word": "모욕하다"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to insult", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "įžeidinėti"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to insult", "word": "whakamanioro"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to insult", "word": "whakamania"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "skjelle ut"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "to insult", "word": "misbēodan"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to insult", "word": "insultar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to insult", "word": "ultrajar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to insult", "word": "afrontar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to insult", "word": "ofender"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "oskorbljátʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "оскорбля́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "oskorbítʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "оскорби́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "obižátʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "обижа́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "obídetʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "оби́деть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "rugátʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "руга́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "obrugátʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "обруга́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "materítʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "матери́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "obmaterítʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "обматери́ть"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "vrijeđati"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "psovati"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "obražáty", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "обража́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pryhnóbljuvaty", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "пригно́блювати"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to insult", "word": "lenofön"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to insult", "word": "nofön"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to insult", "word": "lunofön"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended", "word": "väärinkäyttää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended", "word": "käyttää hyväksi"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended", "word": "raukoti"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "iḡtaṣaba", "sense": "to rape", "word": "اِغْتَصَبَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "intahaka", "sense": "to rape", "word": "اِنْتَهَكَ"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "hvaltavácʹ", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гвалтава́ць"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "zhvaltavácʹ", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "згвалтава́ць"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "iznasílvam", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "изнаси́лвам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "iznasílja", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "изнаси́ля"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to rape", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to rape", "word": "violar"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "cuīcán", "sense": "to rape", "word": "摧殘 /摧残"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "voldtage"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to rape", "word": "misbruiken"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to rape", "word": "onteren"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to rape", "word": "verkrachten"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "raiskata"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "käyttää hyväksi"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to rape", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to rape", "word": "vergewaltigen"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to rape", "word": "missbrauchen"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to rape", "word": "violentare"}, {"alt": "せいてきぎゃくたいする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "seitekigyakutai suru", "sense": "to rape", "word": "性的虐待する"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gangganhada", "sense": "to rape", "word": "강간하다"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "seongpokhaenghada", "sense": "to rape", "word": "성폭행하다"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to rape", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to rape", "word": "pāwhera"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "to rape", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "to rape", "word": "voldta"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "to rape", "word": "valdta"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "gwałcić"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "zgwałcić"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to rape", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "nasílovatʹ", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "наси́ловать"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "iznasílovatʹ", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "изнаси́ловать"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "violar"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "våldta"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "hvaltuváty", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гвалтува́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zhvaltuváty", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "згвалтува́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "gvaltuváty", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "ґвалтува́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zgvaltuváty", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "зґвалтува́ти"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ḵadaʕa", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "خَدَعَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ḡašša", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "غَشَّ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ḍallala", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "ضَلَّلَ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "väärinkäyttää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "käyttää hyväksi"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "ingannare"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "enganar"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "engañar"}], "word": "abuse"}

abuse (English verb) abuse/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English entries with incorrect language header", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Middle French", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Requests for review of Woiwurrung translations", "Rhymes:English/uːz", "Rhymes:English/uːz/2 syllables", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kabuverdianu translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Woiwurrung translations", "en:Violence"], "derived": [{"word": "abusability"}, {"word": "abusable"}, {"word": "abusage"}, {"word": "abusee"}, {"word": "abuser"}, {"word": "coabuse"}, {"word": "disabuse"}, {"word": "overabuse"}, {"word": "reabuse"}, {"word": "unabusing"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "abusen"}, "expansion": "Middle English abusen", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "frm", "3": "abuser"}, "expansion": "Middle French abuser", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "abūsus", "4": "", "5": "misused, using up"}, "expansion": "Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”)", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English abusen, from Middle French abuser, from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“to use up, misuse, consume”), from ab (“from, away from”) + ūtor (“to use”).", "forms": [{"form": "abuses", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "abusing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "abused", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "abused", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "abuse (third-person singular simple present abuses, present participle abusing, simple past and past participle abused)", "name": "en-verb"}], "hyphenation": ["abuse"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "related": [{"word": "abusive"}, {"word": "abusively"}, {"word": "abusiveness"}], "senses": [{"categories": ["English links with manual fragments", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"text": "He abused his authority.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1856, James Anthony Froude, History of England from the fall of Wolsey to the defeat of the Spanish Armada, volume 1, published 1870, page 353:", "text": "This principle (if we may so abuse the word) shot rapidly into popularity", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert"], "links": [["misapply", "misapply"], ["improperly", "improperly"], ["pervert", "pervert"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert"], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "a. 1990, R. S. Thomas, At It:", "text": "And I would have things to say to this God at the judgement, storming at him, as Job stormed with the eloquence of the abused heart.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly."], "links": [["injure", "injure"], ["maltreat", "maltreat"], ["hurt", "hurt"], ["cruelty", "cruelty"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly."], "synonyms": [{"word": "maltreat"}, {"word": "injure"}, {"word": "harm"}, {"word": "do evil"}], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter XIV, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:", "text": "The […] tellers of news abused the general.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1904, W. B. Yeats, The King's Threshold:", "text": "But ever and always curse him and abuse him.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1991, Yakubu Yahaya, quoted in: 2001, Toyin Falola, Violence in Nigeria: The Crisis of Religious Politics and Secular Ideologies, p. 199", "text": "So we were angered by this and we could not tolerate this one because prophet Mohammed has been abused so many times in this country. Awolowo abused him sometimes ago saying that he was more successful and popular that Mohammed and Jesus."}, {"ref": "2020, “'Our team are here to help, not hurt': Woolworths urge customers not to abuse staff”, in Nine News:", "text": "However, shortages have seen customers yelling at employees, and abusing staff members as they work frantically to keep up with demand.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage."], "links": [["coarse", "coarse"], ["insult", "insult"], ["revile", "revile"], ["malign", "malign"], ["disparage", "disparage"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage."], "senseid": ["en:insult"], "synonyms": [{"word": "revile"}, {"word": "reproach"}, {"word": "vilify"}, {"word": "vituperate"}, {"word": "offend"}], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually."], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English reflexive verbs", "English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 16, page 276:", "text": "Like Angels life was then mens happy cace;\nBut later ages pride, like corn-fed ſteed,\nAbuſd her plenty, and fat ſwolne encreace\nTo all licentious luſt, and gan exceed", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1722, Onania; or, The Heinous Sin of Self-Pollution, 6th edition, London, retrieved 2022-02-28, page 26:", "text": "This the Holy Scripture teaches, as expreſly as may be; Neither Fornicators, ſays St. Paul, nor Adulterers, nor the Abominable, ſhall inherit the Kingdom of God; cautioning alſo at the ſame time, that we don’t abuſe our ſelves, nor flatter our ſelves in this Reſpect.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2003, Thomas W. Laqueur, Solitary Sex: A Cultural History of Masturbation, New York: Zone Books, →ISBN, retrieved 2022-02-28, page 14:", "text": "Through “wantonness,” or just by being “idle and alone,” or by the instruction of intimates, the young learn to abuse themselves without learning how wrong and dangerous it is.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate."], "links": [["violate", "violate"], ["defile", "defile"], ["rape", "rape"], ["masturbate", "masturbate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, archaic) To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate."], "tags": ["archaic", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling:", "text": "Believe me, sir, he hath been abused, grossly abused to you.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Misrepresent; adulterate."], "links": [["adulterate", "adulterate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete) Misrepresent; adulterate."], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"text": "1651-2, Jeremy Taylor, \"Sermon VI, The House of Feasting; or, The Epicures Measures\", in The works of Jeremy Taylor, Volume 1, page 283 (1831), edited by Thomas Smart Hughes\nWhen Cyrus had espied Astyages and his fellows coming drunk from a banquet loaden with variety of follies and filthiness, their legs failing them, their eyes red and staring, cozened with a moist cloud and abused by a double object"}], "glosses": ["To deceive; to trick; to impose on; misuse the confidence of."], "links": [["deceive", "deceive"], ["trick", "trick"], ["impose", "impose"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete) To deceive; to trick; to impose on; misuse the confidence of."], "synonyms": [{"word": "com"}, {"word": "hustle"}, {"word": "deceive"}], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English transitive verbs", "Scottish English"], "glosses": ["Disuse."], "links": [["Disuse", "disuse"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete, Scotland) Disuse."], "tags": ["Scotland", "obsolete", "transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/əˈbjuːz/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/əˈbjuz/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "əbyo͞oz'", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-us-abuse-verb.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-uːz"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔasāʔa istiʕmāla", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "أَسَاءَ اِسْتِعْمَالَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "čʻarašahel", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "չարաշահել"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abusatu"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zloupotrebjávam", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "злоупотребя́вам"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "lànyòng", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "濫用 /滥用"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "misbruge"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "misbruiken"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "verkeerd gebruiken"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "misuzi"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "mistrakti"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "väärinkäyttää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "käyttää hyväksi"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "missbrauchen"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "nitzél l'rá'a", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "ניצל לרעה"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "visszaél"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "menyalahgunakan"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abusare"}, {"alt": "らんようする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "ran'yō suru", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "濫用する"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuza"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuzá"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "ləəhlməəh", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "លើសល្មើស"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abūtor"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "piknaudžiauti"}, {"code": "lb", "lang": "Luxembourgish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuséieren"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "raukoti"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "misbruke"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "abuza"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zloupotrebljátʹ", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "злоупотребля́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zloupotrebítʹ", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "злоупотреби́ть"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "злоупотребити"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "zloupotrebiti"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "missbruka"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "utnyttja"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zlovžyváty", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "зловжива́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zlovžýty", "sense": "to use improperly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "зловжи́ти"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "lạm dụng"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "migebön"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to use improperly", "word": "slanön"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔāḏā", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "آذَى"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abusatu"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "zdzjékavacca", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "здзе́кавацца"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "nüèdài", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "虐待"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "cuīcán", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "摧殘 /摧残"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "mishandle"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "mishandelen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "pahoinpidellä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "missbrauchen"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "ganaitjan", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "anamahtjan", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "hitalél", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "התעלל"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "misþyrma"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abusare"}, {"alt": "こくしする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "kokushi suru", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "酷使する"}, {"alt": "ぎゃくたいする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "gyakutai suru", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "虐待する"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "piənpiə", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "ពានពារ"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bɑmpiə", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "បំពារ"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bɑmpiən", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "បំពាន"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bɑɑbɑngkrɔɔp", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "បង្គ្រប"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "whakakinokino"}, {"code": "mi", "english": "sexually", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "taitōkai"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "tūkino"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "maukino"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "raukoti"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "mishandle"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "maltretować"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "zmaltretować"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "znęcać się"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "izdevátʹsja", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "издева́ться"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "злостављати"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "zlostavljati"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "misshandla"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "znuščátysja", "sense": "to hurt", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "знуща́тися"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "to hurt", "word": "bạo hành"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔahāna", "sense": "to insult", "word": "أَهَانَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "sabba", "sense": "to insult", "word": "سَبَّ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "šatama", "sense": "to insult", "word": "شَتَمَ"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "abražácʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "абража́ць"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "abrázicʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "абра́зіць"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "oskǎrbjávam", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "оскърбя́вам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "oskǎrbjá", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "оскърбя́"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "obíždam", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "оби́ждам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "obídja", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "оби́дя"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "rǔmà", "sense": "to insult", "word": "辱罵 /辱骂"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "wǔrǔ", "sense": "to insult", "word": "侮辱"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to insult", "word": "beschimpen"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to insult", "word": "uitschelden"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "to insult", "word": "insulti"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to insult", "word": "herjata"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to insult", "word": "solvata"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to insult", "word": "beschimpfen"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to insult", "word": "beleidigen"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "loidoréō", "sense": "to insult", "word": "λοιδορέω"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "hishtaléakh", "sense": "to insult", "word": "השתלח"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "burā bhalā kahnā", "sense": "to insult", "word": "बुरा भला कहना"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "gālī denā", "sense": "to insult", "word": "गाली देना"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "to insult", "word": "maslaigh"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "insultare"}, {"alt": "ののしる", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "nonoshiru", "sense": "to insult", "word": "罵る"}, {"alt": "ばとうする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "batō suru", "sense": "to insult", "word": "罵倒する"}, {"alt": "ぶじょくする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "bujoku suru", "sense": "to insult", "word": "侮辱する"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to insult", "word": "abuza"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to insult", "word": "abuzá"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "moyokhada", "sense": "to insult", "word": "모욕하다"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to insult", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "įžeidinėti"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to insult", "word": "whakamanioro"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to insult", "word": "whakamania"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "skjelle ut"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "to insult", "word": "misbēodan"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to insult", "word": "insultar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to insult", "word": "ultrajar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to insult", "word": "afrontar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to insult", "word": "ofender"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "oskorbljátʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "оскорбля́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "oskorbítʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "оскорби́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "obižátʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "обижа́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "obídetʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "оби́деть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "rugátʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "руга́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "obrugátʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "обруга́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "materítʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "матери́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "obmaterítʹ", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "обматери́ть"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "vrijeđati"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to insult", "word": "psovati"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "obražáty", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "обража́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pryhnóbljuvaty", "sense": "to insult", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "пригно́блювати"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to insult", "word": "lenofön"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to insult", "word": "nofön"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "to insult", "word": "lunofön"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended", "word": "väärinkäyttää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended", "word": "käyttää hyväksi"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended", "word": "raukoti"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "iḡtaṣaba", "sense": "to rape", "word": "اِغْتَصَبَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "intahaka", "sense": "to rape", "word": "اِنْتَهَكَ"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "hvaltavácʹ", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гвалтава́ць"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "zhvaltavácʹ", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "згвалтава́ць"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "iznasílvam", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "изнаси́лвам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "iznasílja", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "изнаси́ля"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to rape", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to rape", "word": "violar"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "cuīcán", "sense": "to rape", "word": "摧殘 /摧残"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "voldtage"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to rape", "word": "misbruiken"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to rape", "word": "onteren"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to rape", "word": "verkrachten"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "raiskata"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "käyttää hyväksi"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to rape", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to rape", "word": "vergewaltigen"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to rape", "word": "missbrauchen"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to rape", "word": "violentare"}, {"alt": "せいてきぎゃくたいする", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "seitekigyakutai suru", "sense": "to rape", "word": "性的虐待する"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gangganhada", "sense": "to rape", "word": "강간하다"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "seongpokhaenghada", "sense": "to rape", "word": "성폭행하다"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to rape", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to rape", "word": "pāwhera"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "to rape", "word": "abuser"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "to rape", "word": "voldta"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "to rape", "word": "valdta"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "gwałcić"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "zgwałcić"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to rape", "word": "abusar"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "nasílovatʹ", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "наси́ловать"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "iznasílovatʹ", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "изнаси́ловать"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "violar"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to rape", "word": "våldta"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "hvaltuváty", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гвалтува́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zhvaltuváty", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "згвалтува́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "gvaltuváty", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "ґвалтува́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zgvaltuváty", "sense": "to rape", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "зґвалтува́ти"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ḵadaʕa", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "خَدَعَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ḡašša", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "غَشَّ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ḍallala", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "ضَلَّلَ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "väärinkäyttää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "käyttää hyväksi"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "ingannare"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "obloquor"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "enganar"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to deceive", "word": "engañar"}], "word": "abuse"}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (1c4b89b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.