punë in Albanian

IPA: /ˈpunə/, [ˈpu̞ːn(ɜ)] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: The current form is a participle of an obsolete form *pojë, which is a zero-grade suffixed derivation of *h₃ep- (“to work”). Relationship with Hittite [script needed] (ḫappinaḫḫ, “to become rich”) is unclear, even though there have been cases in which an older -i- has become a -u- (ahu (“beech”) is also attested as ahi in older dictionaries), making it possible for this word to have been *pina with a different meaning. Alternatively a derivative in -në of an unused verb *puaj, continuing Proto-Albanian *pānja. The latter is related to Ancient Greek πένομαι (pénomai, “to strain, work on”) and its deverbative πόνος (pónos), with uncertain further links. Etymology templates: {{inh|sq|sqj-pro|*pānja}} Proto-Albanian *pānja, {{cog|grc|πένομαι||to strain, work on}} Ancient Greek πένομαι (pénomai, “to strain, work on”) Head templates: {{head|sq|noun|cat2=feminine nouns|g=f|head=|sort=}} punë f, {{sq-noun|f|punë|puna|punët}} punë f (plural punë, definite puna, definite plural punët) Inflection templates: {{sq-decl-noun|punë|punë|puna|punët|punë|punë|punën|punët|pune|punëve|punës|punëve|punësh}} Forms: punë [plural], puna [definite], punët [definite, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], punë [indefinite, nominative, singular], puna [definite, nominative, singular], punë [indefinite, nominative, plural], punët [definite, nominative, plural], punë [accusative, indefinite, singular], punën [accusative, definite, singular], punë [accusative, indefinite, plural], punët [accusative, definite, plural], pune [dative, indefinite, singular], punës [dative, definite, singular], punëve [dative, indefinite, plural], punëve [dative, definite, plural], pune [ablative, indefinite, singular], punës [ablative, definite, singular], punësh [ablative, indefinite, plural], punëve [ablative, definite, plural]

Inflected forms

[Show JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "sqj-pro",
        "3": "*pānja"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Albanian *pānja",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "πένομαι",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to strain, work on"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek πένομαι (pénomai, “to strain, work on”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The current form is a participle of an obsolete form *pojë, which is a zero-grade suffixed derivation of *h₃ep- (“to work”). Relationship with Hittite [script needed] (ḫappinaḫḫ, “to become rich”) is unclear, even though there have been cases in which an older -i- has become a -u- (ahu (“beech”) is also attested as ahi in older dictionaries), making it possible for this word to have been *pina with a different meaning.\nAlternatively a derivative in -në of an unused verb *puaj, continuing Proto-Albanian *pānja. The latter is related to Ancient Greek πένομαι (pénomai, “to strain, work on”) and its deverbative πόνος (pónos), with uncertain further links.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "punë",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "puna",
      "tags": [
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punët",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sq-noun-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punë",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "puna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punë",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punët",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punë",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punën",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punë",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punët",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pune",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punës",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punëve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punëve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pune",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punës",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punësh",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punëve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "noun",
        "cat2": "feminine nouns",
        "g": "f",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "punë f",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "2": "punë",
        "3": "puna",
        "4": "punët"
      },
      "expansion": "punë f (plural punë, definite puna, definite plural punët)",
      "name": "sq-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "punë",
        "10": "punëve",
        "11": "punës",
        "12": "punëve",
        "13": "punësh",
        "2": "punë",
        "3": "puna",
        "4": "punët",
        "5": "punë",
        "6": "punë",
        "7": "punën",
        "8": "punët",
        "9": "pune"
      },
      "name": "sq-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Albanian",
  "lang_code": "sq",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "bashkëpunëtor"
        },
        {
          "word": "bashkëpunim"
        },
        {
          "word": "bashkëpunoj"
        },
        {
          "word": "punëdashës"
        },
        {
          "word": "punëdore"
        },
        {
          "word": "punëdhënës"
        },
        {
          "word": "punësi"
        },
        {
          "word": "punësohem"
        },
        {
          "word": "punësoj"
        },
        {
          "word": "punëtor"
        },
        {
          "word": "punëtorësi"
        },
        {
          "word": "punim"
        },
        {
          "word": "punishte"
        },
        {
          "word": "punoj"
        },
        {
          "word": "punonjës"
        },
        {
          "word": "i punuar"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "work; labour; job"
      ],
      "id": "en-punë-sq-noun-A9IRBUBQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "work",
          "work"
        ],
        [
          "labour",
          "labour"
        ],
        [
          "job",
          "job"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Vladimir Orel"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpunə/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpu̞ːn(ɜ)]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "punë"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "bashkëpunëtor"
    },
    {
      "word": "bashkëpunim"
    },
    {
      "word": "bashkëpunoj"
    },
    {
      "word": "punëdashës"
    },
    {
      "word": "punëdore"
    },
    {
      "word": "punëdhënës"
    },
    {
      "word": "punësi"
    },
    {
      "word": "punësohem"
    },
    {
      "word": "punësoj"
    },
    {
      "word": "punëtor"
    },
    {
      "word": "punëtorësi"
    },
    {
      "word": "punim"
    },
    {
      "word": "punishte"
    },
    {
      "word": "punoj"
    },
    {
      "word": "punonjës"
    },
    {
      "word": "i punuar"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "sqj-pro",
        "3": "*pānja"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Albanian *pānja",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "πένομαι",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to strain, work on"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek πένομαι (pénomai, “to strain, work on”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The current form is a participle of an obsolete form *pojë, which is a zero-grade suffixed derivation of *h₃ep- (“to work”). Relationship with Hittite [script needed] (ḫappinaḫḫ, “to become rich”) is unclear, even though there have been cases in which an older -i- has become a -u- (ahu (“beech”) is also attested as ahi in older dictionaries), making it possible for this word to have been *pina with a different meaning.\nAlternatively a derivative in -në of an unused verb *puaj, continuing Proto-Albanian *pānja. The latter is related to Ancient Greek πένομαι (pénomai, “to strain, work on”) and its deverbative πόνος (pónos), with uncertain further links.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "punë",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "puna",
      "tags": [
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punët",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sq-noun-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punë",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "puna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punë",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punët",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punë",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punën",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punë",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punët",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pune",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punës",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punëve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punëve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pune",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punës",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punësh",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "punëve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "noun",
        "cat2": "feminine nouns",
        "g": "f",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "punë f",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "2": "punë",
        "3": "puna",
        "4": "punët"
      },
      "expansion": "punë f (plural punë, definite puna, definite plural punët)",
      "name": "sq-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "punë",
        "10": "punëve",
        "11": "punës",
        "12": "punëve",
        "13": "punësh",
        "2": "punë",
        "3": "puna",
        "4": "punët",
        "5": "punë",
        "6": "punë",
        "7": "punën",
        "8": "punët",
        "9": "pune"
      },
      "name": "sq-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Albanian",
  "lang_code": "sq",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Albanian feminine nouns",
        "Albanian lemmas",
        "Albanian nouns",
        "Albanian terms derived from Proto-Albanian",
        "Albanian terms inherited from Proto-Albanian",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Requests for native script for Hittite terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "work; labour; job"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "work",
          "work"
        ],
        [
          "labour",
          "labour"
        ],
        [
          "job",
          "job"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Vladimir Orel"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpunə/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpu̞ːn(ɜ)]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "punë"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Albanian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"punë" meaning in Albanian

Noun

Inflected forms