"nabûm" meaning in Akkadian

See nabûm in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /naˈbuːm/ (note: Old Babylonian)
Etymology: Cognate with Arabic أَنْبَأَ (ʔanbaʔa, “to inform, announce”) and Biblical Hebrew נִבֵּא (nibbeʾ, “to prophesy”). Etymology templates: {{cog|ar|أَنْبَأَ|t=to inform, announce}} Arabic أَنْبَأَ (ʔanbaʔa, “to inform, announce”), {{cog|hbo|נִבֵּא|t=to prophesy|tr=nibbeʾ}} Biblical Hebrew נִבֵּא (nibbeʾ, “to prophesy”) Head templates: {{akk-verb|G|i|dur=inabbi|imp=ibi|perf=ittabi|pret=ibbi}} nabûm (G, i, durative inabbi, perfect ittabi, preterite ibbi, imperative ibi), {{tlb|akk|OAkk|Bab|Mari}} (Old Akkadian, Babylonian, Mari) Inflection templates: {{akk-conj|class=i|pret1=bb|root=n-b-y|stem=G}} Forms: inabbi [durative], ittabi [perfect], ibbi [preterite], ibi [imperative], no-table-tags [table-tags], nabûm [infinitive], nābûm [participle], nabûm [adjective], anabbi [durative, first-person, singular], attabi [first-person, perfect, singular], abbi [first-person, preterite, singular], lubbi [first-person, imperative, singular], tanabbi [durative, masculine, second-person, singular], tattabi [masculine, perfect, second-person, singular], tabbi [masculine, preterite, second-person, singular], nibi [imperative, masculine, second-person, singular], tanabbî [durative, feminine, second-person, singular], tattabî [feminine, perfect, second-person, singular], tabbî [feminine, preterite, second-person, singular], nibî [feminine, imperative, second-person, singular], inabbi [durative, singular, third-person], ittabi [perfect, singular, third-person], ibbi [preterite, singular, third-person], libbi [imperative, singular, third-person], ninabbi [durative, first-person, plural], nittabi [first-person, perfect, plural], nibbi [first-person, plural, preterite], i nibbi [first-person, imperative, plural], tanabbiā [durative, plural, second-person], tattabiā [perfect, plural, second-person], tabbiā [plural, preterite, second-person], nibiā [imperative, plural, second-person], inabbû [durative, masculine, plural, third-person], ittabû [masculine, perfect, plural, third-person], ibbû [masculine, plural, preterite, third-person], libbû [imperative, masculine, plural, third-person], inabbiā [durative, feminine, plural, third-person], ittabiā [feminine, perfect, plural, third-person], ibbiā [feminine, plural, preterite, third-person], libbiā [feminine, imperative, plural, third-person], nabû [alternative], nabā'um [alternative]
  1. (with double accusative) to name, nominate
    Sense id: en-nabûm-akk-verb-PxeTClJu Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 13 32 21 35 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 29 27 18 25
  2. to invoke
    Sense id: en-nabûm-akk-verb-7q-6VdG6 Categories (other): Akkadian entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Akkadian entries with incorrect language header: 21 38 17 24 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 13 32 21 35 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 29 27 18 25
  3. to summon, call, appoint
    Sense id: en-nabûm-akk-verb-bUWa2pI3 Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 13 32 21 35 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 29 27 18 25
  4. to proclaim, command, make known
    Sense id: en-nabûm-akk-verb-5cQVNFuK Categories (other): Babylonian, Old Akkadian, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Babylonian: 29 0 29 42 Disambiguation of Old Akkadian: 3 0 4 93 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 13 32 21 35 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 29 27 18 25
     
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "أَنْبَأَ",
        "t": "to inform, announce"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic أَنْبَأَ (ʔanbaʔa, “to inform, announce”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hbo",
        "2": "נִבֵּא",
        "t": "to prophesy",
        "tr": "nibbeʾ"
      },
      "expansion": "Biblical Hebrew נִבֵּא (nibbeʾ, “to prophesy”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Cognate with Arabic أَنْبَأَ (ʔanbaʔa, “to inform, announce”) and Biblical Hebrew נִבֵּא (nibbeʾ, “to prophesy”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "inabbi",
      "tags": [
        "durative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ittabi",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ibbi",
      "tags": [
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ibi",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akk-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nabûm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nābûm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nabûm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "anabbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attabi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lubbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanabbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "masculine",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tattabi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tabbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nibi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "masculine",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanabbî",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "feminine",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tattabî",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tabbî",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nibî",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inabbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ittabi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ibbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "libbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ninabbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nittabi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nibbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "i nibbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanabbiā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tattabiā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tabbiā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nibiā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inabbû",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ittabû",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ibbû",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "libbû",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inabbiā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ittabiā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ibbiā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "libbiā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nabû",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nabā'um",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "G",
        "2": "i",
        "dur": "inabbi",
        "imp": "ibi",
        "perf": "ittabi",
        "pret": "ibbi"
      },
      "expansion": "nabûm (G, i, durative inabbi, perfect ittabi, preterite ibbi, imperative ibi)",
      "name": "akk-verb"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "akk",
        "2": "OAkk",
        "3": "Bab",
        "4": "Mari"
      },
      "expansion": "(Old Akkadian, Babylonian, Mari)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "class": "i",
        "pret1": "bb",
        "root": "n-b-y",
        "stem": "G"
      },
      "name": "akk-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Akkadian",
  "lang_code": "akk",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 32 21 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 27 18 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to name, nominate"
      ],
      "id": "en-nabûm-akk-verb-PxeTClJu",
      "links": [
        [
          "name",
          "name"
        ],
        [
          "nominate",
          "nominate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with double accusative) to name, nominate"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with double accusative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "21 38 17 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Akkadian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 32 21 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 27 18 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to invoke"
      ],
      "id": "en-nabûm-akk-verb-7q-6VdG6",
      "links": [
        [
          "invoke",
          "invoke"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 32 21 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 27 18 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to summon, call, appoint"
      ],
      "id": "en-nabûm-akk-verb-bUWa2pI3",
      "links": [
        [
          "summon",
          "summon"
        ],
        [
          "call",
          "call"
        ],
        [
          "appoint",
          "appoint"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "29 0 29 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Babylonian",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 0 4 93",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Akkadian",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 32 21 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 27 18 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to proclaim, command, make known"
      ],
      "id": "en-nabûm-akk-verb-5cQVNFuK",
      "links": [
        [
          "proclaim",
          "proclaim"
        ],
        [
          "command",
          "command"
        ],
        [
          "make known",
          "make known"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/naˈbuːm/",
      "note": "Old Babylonian"
    }
  ],
  "word": "nabûm"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Akkadian G-stem verbs",
    "Akkadian class i verbs",
    "Akkadian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Akkadian lemmas",
    "Akkadian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Akkadian verbs",
    "Babylonian",
    "Old Akkadian",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "أَنْبَأَ",
        "t": "to inform, announce"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic أَنْبَأَ (ʔanbaʔa, “to inform, announce”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hbo",
        "2": "נִבֵּא",
        "t": "to prophesy",
        "tr": "nibbeʾ"
      },
      "expansion": "Biblical Hebrew נִבֵּא (nibbeʾ, “to prophesy”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Cognate with Arabic أَنْبَأَ (ʔanbaʔa, “to inform, announce”) and Biblical Hebrew נִבֵּא (nibbeʾ, “to prophesy”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "inabbi",
      "tags": [
        "durative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ittabi",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ibbi",
      "tags": [
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ibi",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akk-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nabûm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nābûm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nabûm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "anabbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attabi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lubbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanabbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "masculine",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tattabi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tabbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nibi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "masculine",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanabbî",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "feminine",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tattabî",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tabbî",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nibî",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inabbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ittabi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ibbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "libbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ninabbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nittabi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nibbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "i nibbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanabbiā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tattabiā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tabbiā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nibiā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inabbû",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ittabû",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ibbû",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "libbû",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inabbiā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ittabiā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ibbiā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "libbiā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nabû",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nabā'um",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "G",
        "2": "i",
        "dur": "inabbi",
        "imp": "ibi",
        "perf": "ittabi",
        "pret": "ibbi"
      },
      "expansion": "nabûm (G, i, durative inabbi, perfect ittabi, preterite ibbi, imperative ibi)",
      "name": "akk-verb"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "akk",
        "2": "OAkk",
        "3": "Bab",
        "4": "Mari"
      },
      "expansion": "(Old Akkadian, Babylonian, Mari)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "class": "i",
        "pret1": "bb",
        "root": "n-b-y",
        "stem": "G"
      },
      "name": "akk-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Akkadian",
  "lang_code": "akk",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to name, nominate"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "name",
          "name"
        ],
        [
          "nominate",
          "nominate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with double accusative) to name, nominate"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with double accusative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to invoke"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "invoke",
          "invoke"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to summon, call, appoint"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "summon",
          "summon"
        ],
        [
          "call",
          "call"
        ],
        [
          "appoint",
          "appoint"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to proclaim, command, make known"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "proclaim",
          "proclaim"
        ],
        [
          "command",
          "command"
        ],
        [
          "make known",
          "make known"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/naˈbuːm/",
      "note": "Old Babylonian"
    }
  ],
  "word": "nabûm"
}

Download raw JSONL data for nabûm meaning in Akkadian (5.7kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
  "msg": "unrecognized head form: G",
  "path": [
    "nabûm"
  ],
  "section": "Akkadian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "nabûm",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
  "msg": "unrecognized head form: i",
  "path": [
    "nabûm"
  ],
  "section": "Akkadian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "nabûm",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Akkadian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (f2d86ce and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.