See optional in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "antonyms": [ { "sense_index": "1", "word": "obligatorisch" }, { "sense_index": "1", "word": "aufpreispflichtig" }, { "sense_index": "1", "word": "serienmäßig" } ], "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Adjektiv (Deutsch)", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Anagramm sortiert (Deutsch)", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Deutsch", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Einträge mit Endreim (Deutsch)", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Grundformeintrag (Deutsch)", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Rückläufige Wörterliste (Deutsch)", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Rückläufige Wörterliste Grundformeintrag (Deutsch)", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Siehe auch", "orig": "siehe auch", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "forms": [ { "form": "optional", "tags": [ "positive" ] }, { "form": "optionaler", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "nominative", "strong", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "optionale", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "nominative", "strong", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "optionales", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "nominative", "strong", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "optionale", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "nominative", "strong", "plural" ] }, { "form": "optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "genitive", "strong", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "optionaler", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "genitive", "strong", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "genitive", "strong", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "optionaler", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "genitive", "strong", "plural" ] }, { "form": "optionalem", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "dative", "strong", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "optionaler", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "dative", "strong", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "optionalem", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "dative", "strong", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "dative", "strong", "plural" ] }, { "form": "optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "accusative", "strong", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "optionale", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "accusative", "strong", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "optionales", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "accusative", "strong", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "optionale", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "accusative", "strong", "plural" ] }, { "form": "der optionale", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "nominative", "weak", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "die optionale", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "nominative", "weak", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "das optionale", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "nominative", "weak", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "die optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "nominative", "weak", "plural" ] }, { "form": "des optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "genitive", "weak", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "der optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "genitive", "weak", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "des optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "genitive", "weak", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "der optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "genitive", "weak", "plural" ] }, { "form": "dem optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "dative", "weak", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "der optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "dative", "weak", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "dem optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "dative", "weak", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "den optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "dative", "weak", "plural" ] }, { "form": "den optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "accusative", "weak", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "die optionale", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "accusative", "weak", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "das optionale", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "accusative", "weak", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "die optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "accusative", "weak", "plural" ] }, { "form": "ein optionaler", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "nominative", "mixed", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "eine optionale", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "nominative", "mixed", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "ein optionales", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "nominative", "mixed", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "(keine) optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "nominative", "mixed", "plural" ] }, { "form": "eines optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "genitive", "mixed", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "einer optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "genitive", "mixed", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "eines optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "genitive", "mixed", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "(keiner) optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "genitive", "mixed", "plural" ] }, { "form": "einem optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "dative", "mixed", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "einer optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "dative", "mixed", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "einem optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "dative", "mixed", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "(keinen) optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "dative", "mixed", "plural" ] }, { "form": "einen optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "accusative", "mixed", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "eine optionale", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "accusative", "mixed", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "ein optionales", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "accusative", "mixed", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "(keine) optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "accusative", "mixed", "plural" ] }, { "form": "er ist optional", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "predicative", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "sie ist optional", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "predicative", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "es ist optional", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "predicative", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "sie sind optional", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "predicative", "plural" ] } ], "hyphenation": "op·ti·o·nal", "lang": "Deutsch", "lang_code": "de", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "examples": [ { "text": "Die Angabe der Telefonnummer ist optional." }, { "ref": "In der Warteschleife. Abgerufen am 12. Februar 2020.", "text": "„Ein weiteres ungewöhnliches Flugzeug ist zumindest schon für den optionalen Einbau eines Elektromotors vorbereitet. Es ist ein Nurflügel von Horten Aircraft aus Eisenach.“" }, { "text": "Formal dress is optional at our firm's cocktail party.", "translation": "Formale Kleidung ist optional (ist jedem freigestellt) auf der Cocktail Party unserer Firma." } ], "glosses": [ "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht" ], "id": "de-optional-de-adj-k4aftigR", "sense_index": "1" } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "ɔpt͡si̯oˈnaːl" }, { "audio": "De-optional.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bf/De-optional.ogg/De-optional.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/De-optional.ogg" }, { "audio": "De-at-optional.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/De-at-optional.ogg/De-at-optional.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/De-at-optional.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-aːl" } ], "synonyms": [ { "sense_index": "1", "word": "wahlfrei" }, { "sense_index": "1", "word": "fakultativ" }, { "sense_index": "1", "word": "alternativ" } ], "translations": [ { "lang": "Englisch", "lang_code": "en", "sense": "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht", "sense_index": "1", "word": "optional" }, { "lang": "Französisch", "lang_code": "fr", "sense": "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht", "sense_index": "1", "word": "optionnel" }, { "lang": "Italienisch", "lang_code": "it", "sense": "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht", "sense_index": "1", "word": "opzionale" }, { "lang": "Italienisch", "lang_code": "it", "sense": "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht", "sense_index": "1", "word": "facoltativo" }, { "lang": "Japanisch", "lang_code": "ja", "roman": "にんいの, nin·i no", "sense": "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht", "sense_index": "1", "word": "任意の" }, { "lang": "Polnisch", "lang_code": "pl", "sense": "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht", "sense_index": "1", "word": "opcjonalny" }, { "lang": "Polnisch", "lang_code": "pl", "sense": "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht", "sense_index": "1", "word": "fakultatywny" }, { "lang": "Russisch", "lang_code": "ru", "roman": "neobjazatelʹnyj", "sense": "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht", "sense_index": "1", "word": "необязательный" }, { "lang": "Russisch", "lang_code": "ru", "roman": "opcionalʹnyj", "sense": "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht", "sense_index": "1", "word": "опциональный" }, { "lang": "Schwedisch", "lang_code": "sv", "sense": "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht", "sense_index": "1", "word": "valfri" }, { "lang": "Schwedisch", "lang_code": "sv", "sense": "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht", "sense_index": "1", "word": "optionell" }, { "lang": "Spanisch", "lang_code": "es", "sense": "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht", "sense_index": "1", "word": "opcional" } ], "word": "optional" }
{ "antonyms": [ { "sense_index": "1", "word": "obligatorisch" }, { "sense_index": "1", "word": "aufpreispflichtig" }, { "sense_index": "1", "word": "serienmäßig" } ], "categories": [ "Adjektiv (Deutsch)", "Anagramm sortiert (Deutsch)", "Deutsch", "Einträge mit Endreim (Deutsch)", "Grundformeintrag (Deutsch)", "Rückläufige Wörterliste (Deutsch)", "Rückläufige Wörterliste Grundformeintrag (Deutsch)", "siehe auch" ], "forms": [ { "form": "optional", "tags": [ "positive" ] }, { "form": "optionaler", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "nominative", "strong", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "optionale", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "nominative", "strong", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "optionales", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "nominative", "strong", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "optionale", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "nominative", "strong", "plural" ] }, { "form": "optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "genitive", "strong", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "optionaler", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "genitive", "strong", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "genitive", "strong", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "optionaler", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "genitive", "strong", "plural" ] }, { "form": "optionalem", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "dative", "strong", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "optionaler", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "dative", "strong", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "optionalem", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "dative", "strong", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "dative", "strong", "plural" ] }, { "form": "optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "accusative", "strong", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "optionale", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "accusative", "strong", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "optionales", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "accusative", "strong", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "optionale", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "accusative", "strong", "plural" ] }, { "form": "der optionale", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "nominative", "weak", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "die optionale", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "nominative", "weak", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "das optionale", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "nominative", "weak", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "die optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "nominative", "weak", "plural" ] }, { "form": "des optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "genitive", "weak", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "der optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "genitive", "weak", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "des optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "genitive", "weak", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "der optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "genitive", "weak", "plural" ] }, { "form": "dem optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "dative", "weak", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "der optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "dative", "weak", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "dem optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "dative", "weak", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "den optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "dative", "weak", "plural" ] }, { "form": "den optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "accusative", "weak", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "die optionale", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "accusative", "weak", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "das optionale", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "accusative", "weak", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "die optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "accusative", "weak", "plural" ] }, { "form": "ein optionaler", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "nominative", "mixed", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "eine optionale", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "nominative", "mixed", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "ein optionales", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "nominative", "mixed", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "(keine) optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "nominative", "mixed", "plural" ] }, { "form": "eines optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "genitive", "mixed", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "einer optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "genitive", "mixed", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "eines optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "genitive", "mixed", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "(keiner) optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "genitive", "mixed", "plural" ] }, { "form": "einem optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "dative", "mixed", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "einer optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "dative", "mixed", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "einem optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "dative", "mixed", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "(keinen) optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "dative", "mixed", "plural" ] }, { "form": "einen optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "accusative", "mixed", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "eine optionale", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "accusative", "mixed", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "ein optionales", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "accusative", "mixed", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "(keine) optionalen", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "accusative", "mixed", "plural" ] }, { "form": "er ist optional", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "predicative", "singular", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "sie ist optional", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "predicative", "singular", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "es ist optional", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "predicative", "singular", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "sie sind optional", "source": "Flexion:optional", "tags": [ "positive", "predicative", "plural" ] } ], "hyphenation": "op·ti·o·nal", "lang": "Deutsch", "lang_code": "de", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "examples": [ { "text": "Die Angabe der Telefonnummer ist optional." }, { "ref": "In der Warteschleife. Abgerufen am 12. Februar 2020.", "text": "„Ein weiteres ungewöhnliches Flugzeug ist zumindest schon für den optionalen Einbau eines Elektromotors vorbereitet. Es ist ein Nurflügel von Horten Aircraft aus Eisenach.“" }, { "text": "Formal dress is optional at our firm's cocktail party.", "translation": "Formale Kleidung ist optional (ist jedem freigestellt) auf der Cocktail Party unserer Firma." } ], "glosses": [ "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht" ], "sense_index": "1" } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "ɔpt͡si̯oˈnaːl" }, { "audio": "De-optional.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bf/De-optional.ogg/De-optional.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/De-optional.ogg" }, { "audio": "De-at-optional.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/De-at-optional.ogg/De-at-optional.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/De-at-optional.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-aːl" } ], "synonyms": [ { "sense_index": "1", "word": "wahlfrei" }, { "sense_index": "1", "word": "fakultativ" }, { "sense_index": "1", "word": "alternativ" } ], "translations": [ { "lang": "Englisch", "lang_code": "en", "sense": "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht", "sense_index": "1", "word": "optional" }, { "lang": "Französisch", "lang_code": "fr", "sense": "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht", "sense_index": "1", "word": "optionnel" }, { "lang": "Italienisch", "lang_code": "it", "sense": "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht", "sense_index": "1", "word": "opzionale" }, { "lang": "Italienisch", "lang_code": "it", "sense": "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht", "sense_index": "1", "word": "facoltativo" }, { "lang": "Japanisch", "lang_code": "ja", "roman": "にんいの, nin·i no", "sense": "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht", "sense_index": "1", "word": "任意の" }, { "lang": "Polnisch", "lang_code": "pl", "sense": "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht", "sense_index": "1", "word": "opcjonalny" }, { "lang": "Polnisch", "lang_code": "pl", "sense": "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht", "sense_index": "1", "word": "fakultatywny" }, { "lang": "Russisch", "lang_code": "ru", "roman": "neobjazatelʹnyj", "sense": "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht", "sense_index": "1", "word": "необязательный" }, { "lang": "Russisch", "lang_code": "ru", "roman": "opcionalʹnyj", "sense": "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht", "sense_index": "1", "word": "опциональный" }, { "lang": "Schwedisch", "lang_code": "sv", "sense": "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht", "sense_index": "1", "word": "valfri" }, { "lang": "Schwedisch", "lang_code": "sv", "sense": "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht", "sense_index": "1", "word": "optionell" }, { "lang": "Spanisch", "lang_code": "es", "sense": "wählbar; nicht obligatorisch; man kann sich entscheiden, ob man es macht oder nicht", "sense_index": "1", "word": "opcional" } ], "word": "optional" }
Download raw JSONL data for optional meaning in Deutsch (10.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Deutsch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-05 from the dewiktionary dump dated 2024-10-20 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.