See kem in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for kem meaning in Proto-Turkic (12.4kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghur:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbo",
"2": "كم"
},
"expansion": "Bulgar: كم",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Volga Bulgar: كم"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "кам"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash: кам (kam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chuvash: кам (kam)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Common Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "kêm"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: kêm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: kêm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ogz-pro",
"2": "*kim"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Oghuz: *kim",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Oghuz: *kim"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"tr": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (kim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (kim)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: kim",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: kim"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "كیم",
"tr": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: كیم (kim)\nGagauz: kim\nTurkish: kim",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: كیم (kim)\nGagauz: kim\nTurkish: kim"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: kim",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: kim"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "kem"
},
"expansion": "Salar: kem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: kem"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "كِمْ",
"tr": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: كِمْ (kim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: كِمْ (kim)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: kim",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: kim"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "كىم"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: كىم (kim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: كىم (kim)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Tatar: kim",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Tatar: kim"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": "ким"
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: ким (kim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar: ким (kim)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "ким"
},
"expansion": "Kumyk: ким (kim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk: ким (kim)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kdr",
"2": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Karaim: kim",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karaim: kim"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uum",
"2": "ким",
"tr": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Urum: ким (kim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urum: ким (kim)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "кем"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: кем (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: кем (kem)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "кем"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: кем (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: кем (kem)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "кім"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: кім (kım)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: кім (kım)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaa",
"2": "ким",
"tr": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Karakalpak: ким (kim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakalpak: ким (kim)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": "ким",
"tr": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Nogai: ким (kim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai: ким (kim)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "ким"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: ким (kim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: ким (kim)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "кем"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: кем (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: кем (kem)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰚𐰢",
"tr": "kem"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰚𐰢 (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰚𐰢 (kem)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"tr": "kem"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (kem)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ybe",
"2": "kïm"
},
"expansion": "Western Yugur: kïm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Western Yugur: kïm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlg",
"2": "ким",
"tr": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Dolgan: ким (kim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dolgan: ким (kim)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "ким"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: ким (kim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: ким (kim)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kim",
"2": "ӄум",
"tr": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Tofa: ӄум (qum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tofa: ӄум (qum)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "кым"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: кым (kım)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: кым (kım)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": ""
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yenisei:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh",
"2": "кем"
},
"expansion": "Khakas: кем (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khakas: кем (kem)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cjs",
"2": "кем",
"tr": "kem"
},
"expansion": "Shor: кем (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shor: кем (kem)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*ka-"
},
"expansion": "*ka-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "*ke",
"t": "who"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *ke (“who”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*ken",
"t": "who"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *ken (“who”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "хэн",
"t": "who"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian хэн (xen, “who”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from the interrogative particle *ka-.\nCompare Proto-Uralic *ke (“who”) and Proto-Mongolic *ken (“who”), whence also Mongolian хэн (xen, “who”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "kem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemniŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemte",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemden",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemgerü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kem bile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "{{{10}}}",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "{{{11}}}",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "interrogative pronouns"
},
"expansion": "*kem",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kem",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Turkic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic interrogative pronouns",
"parents": [
"Interrogative pronouns",
"Interrogative pro-forms",
"Pronouns",
"Pro-forms",
"Lemmas",
"Terms by semantic function"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"id": "en-kem-trk-pro-pron-btAzcUC9",
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kem"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "kəm"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: kəm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: kəm"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kem"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: kem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: kem"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "кем"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: кем (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: кем (kem)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"der": "1",
"tr": "ig-kem"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Karakhanid: [script needed] (ig-kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Karakhanid: [script needed] (ig-kem)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlg",
"2": "кем",
"tr": "kem"
},
"expansion": "Dolgan: кем (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dolgan: кем (kem)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "кем"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: кем (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: кем (kem)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "кем"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: кем (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: кем (kem)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*gem",
"t": "defect, illness"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *gem (“defect, illness”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Similar to Proto-Mongolic *gem (“defect, illness”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "trk-pro-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemnig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemniŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemden",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemgerü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemleyü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemligü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*kem",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "e"
},
"name": "trk-pro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kem",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"illness"
],
"id": "en-kem-trk-pro-noun-b08bHJ0l",
"links": [
[
"illness",
"illness"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kem"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Turkic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic interrogative pronouns",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic nouns",
"Proto-Turkic pronouns",
"Requests for native script for Old Anatolian Turkish terms",
"Requests for native script for Old Uyghur terms"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghur:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbo",
"2": "كم"
},
"expansion": "Bulgar: كم",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Volga Bulgar: كم"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "кам"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash: кам (kam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chuvash: кам (kam)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Common Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "kêm"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: kêm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: kêm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ogz-pro",
"2": "*kim"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Oghuz: *kim",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Oghuz: *kim"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"tr": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (kim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (kim)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: kim",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: kim"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "كیم",
"tr": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: كیم (kim)\nGagauz: kim\nTurkish: kim",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: كیم (kim)\nGagauz: kim\nTurkish: kim"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: kim",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: kim"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "kem"
},
"expansion": "Salar: kem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: kem"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "كِمْ",
"tr": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: كِمْ (kim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: كِمْ (kim)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: kim",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: kim"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "كىم"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: كىم (kim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: كىم (kim)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Tatar: kim",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Tatar: kim"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": "ким"
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: ким (kim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar: ким (kim)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "ким"
},
"expansion": "Kumyk: ким (kim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk: ким (kim)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kdr",
"2": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Karaim: kim",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karaim: kim"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uum",
"2": "ким",
"tr": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Urum: ким (kim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urum: ким (kim)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "кем"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: кем (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: кем (kem)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "кем"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: кем (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: кем (kem)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "кім"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: кім (kım)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: кім (kım)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaa",
"2": "ким",
"tr": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Karakalpak: ким (kim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakalpak: ким (kim)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": "ким",
"tr": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Nogai: ким (kim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai: ким (kim)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "ким"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: ким (kim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: ким (kim)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "кем"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: кем (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: кем (kem)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰚𐰢",
"tr": "kem"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰚𐰢 (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰚𐰢 (kem)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"tr": "kem"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (kem)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ybe",
"2": "kïm"
},
"expansion": "Western Yugur: kïm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Western Yugur: kïm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlg",
"2": "ким",
"tr": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Dolgan: ким (kim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dolgan: ким (kim)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "ким"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: ким (kim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: ким (kim)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kim",
"2": "ӄум",
"tr": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Tofa: ӄум (qum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tofa: ӄум (qum)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "кым"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: кым (kım)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: кым (kım)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": ""
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yenisei:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh",
"2": "кем"
},
"expansion": "Khakas: кем (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khakas: кем (kem)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cjs",
"2": "кем",
"tr": "kem"
},
"expansion": "Shor: кем (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shor: кем (kem)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*ka-"
},
"expansion": "*ka-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "*ke",
"t": "who"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *ke (“who”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*ken",
"t": "who"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *ken (“who”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "хэн",
"t": "who"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian хэн (xen, “who”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from the interrogative particle *ka-.\nCompare Proto-Uralic *ke (“who”) and Proto-Mongolic *ken (“who”), whence also Mongolian хэн (xen, “who”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "kem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemniŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemte",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemden",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemgerü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kem bile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "{{{10}}}",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "{{{11}}}",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "interrogative pronouns"
},
"expansion": "*kem",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kem",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kem"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic nouns"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "kəm"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: kəm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: kəm"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kem"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: kem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: kem"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "кем"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: кем (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: кем (kem)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"der": "1",
"tr": "ig-kem"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Karakhanid: [script needed] (ig-kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Karakhanid: [script needed] (ig-kem)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlg",
"2": "кем",
"tr": "kem"
},
"expansion": "Dolgan: кем (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dolgan: кем (kem)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "кем"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: кем (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: кем (kem)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "кем"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: кем (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: кем (kem)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*gem",
"t": "defect, illness"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *gem (“defect, illness”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Similar to Proto-Mongolic *gem (“defect, illness”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "trk-pro-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemnig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemniŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemden",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemgerü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemleyü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kemligü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*kem",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "e"
},
"name": "trk-pro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kem",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"illness"
],
"links": [
[
"illness",
"illness"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kem"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Turkic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.