See bẹ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for bẹ meaning in Proto-Turkic (11.8kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*bi",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *bi (“I”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*bi",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *bi (“I”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*ben"
},
"expansion": "*ben",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*bẹn-"
},
"expansion": "*bẹn-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Usually compared to Proto-Mongolic *bi (“I”) and Proto-Tungusic *bi (“I”).\nThe Common Turkic form *ben is a result of back formation from the oblique stem *bẹn- with the pronominal-n.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bẹ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bẹni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bẹniŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "baŋa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bẹnte",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bẹnten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "baŋaru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bẹnin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bẹnče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bẹnleyü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bẹnligü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "personal pronouns"
},
"expansion": "*bẹ",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bẹ",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"I"
],
"id": "en-bẹ-trk-pro-pron-qD3QzL~-",
"links": [
[
"I",
"I"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bẹ"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bẹ-niŋ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bẹ-ni"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghur:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "эпӗ"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash: эпӗ (ep̬ĕ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chuvash: эпӗ (ep̬ĕ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-cmn",
"2": "*ben"
},
"expansion": "Common Turkic: *ben",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Common Turkic: *ben"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "mən"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: mən",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: mən"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "بَنْ",
"tr": "bän"
},
"expansion": "بَنْ (bän)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Oghuz: بَنْ (bän)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "بن",
"3": "ـون",
"tr": "bän",
"tr2": "-vän"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: بن (bän), ـون (-vän)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: بن (bän), ـون (-vän)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "من",
"tr": "män"
},
"expansion": "من (män)",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "ـم",
"tr": "-äm"
},
"expansion": "ـم (-äm)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Ajem-Turkic: من (män), ـم (-äm)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "mən",
"3": "-əm"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: mən, -əm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: mən, -əm"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qxq",
"2": "من",
"3": "ـم",
"tr": "män",
"tr2": "-äm"
},
"expansion": "Qashqai: من (män), ـم (-äm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Qashqai: من (män), ـم (-äm)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "مه",
"nolb": "1",
"tr": "mä"
},
"expansion": "مه (mä)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "ـم",
"nolb": "1",
"tr": "-äm"
},
"expansion": "ـم (-äm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sonqori: مه (mä), ـم (-äm)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "بن",
"3": "ـم",
"tr": "ben",
"tr2": "-im"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: بن (ben), ـم (-im)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: بن (ben), ـم (-im)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "bän",
"3": "-im"
},
"expansion": "Gagauz: bän, -im",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gagauz: bän, -im"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ben",
"3": "-im"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: ben, -im",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: ben, -im"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "men"
},
"expansion": "Salar: men",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: men"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "men",
"3": "-in"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: men, -in",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: men, -in"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "مَنْ",
"tr": "män"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: مَنْ (män)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: مَنْ (män)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zkh",
"2": "بن",
"3": "من",
"tr": "bän",
"tr2": "män"
},
"expansion": "Khorezmian Turkic: بن (bän), من (män)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khorezmian Turkic: بن (bän), من (män)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "من",
"tr": "män"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: من (män)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: من (män)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "مەن"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: مەن (men)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: مەن (men)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "men"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: men",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: men"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qwm",
"2": "من",
"tr": "män"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak: من (män)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak: من (män)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "мин"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: мин (min)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: мин (min)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "мин"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: мин (min)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: мин (min)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "men"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Tatar: men",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Tatar: men"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": "мен"
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: мен (men)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar: мен (men)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kdr",
"2": "мэн"
},
"expansion": "Karaim: мэн",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karaim: мэн"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "мен"
},
"expansion": "Kumyk: мен (men)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk: мен (men)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaa",
"2": "мен"
},
"expansion": "Karakalpak: мен",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakalpak: мен"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "мен"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: мен (men)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: мен (men)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": "мен"
},
"expansion": "Nogai: мен (men)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai: мен (men)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "мен"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: мен (men)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: мен (men)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "мен"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: мен (men)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: мен (men)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰢𐰤",
"3": "𐰋𐰤",
"4": "𐰌𐰥",
"ts": "men",
"ts2": "ben"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰢𐰤 (mn² /men/), 𐰋𐰤 (b²n² /ben/), 𐰌𐰥 (b²n²)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰢𐰤 (mn² /men/), 𐰋𐰤 (b²n² /ben/), 𐰌𐰥 (b²n²)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"2": "pʾn",
"3": "mʾn",
"tr": "ben",
"tr2": "men"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: pʾn (ben), mʾn (men)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: pʾn (ben), mʾn (men)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ybe",
"2": "men"
},
"expansion": "Western Yugur: men",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Western Yugur: men"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlg",
"2": "мин",
"tr": "min"
},
"expansion": "Dolgan: мин (min)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dolgan: мин (min)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "мин"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: мин (min)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: мин (min)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kim",
"2": "мен",
"tr": "men"
},
"expansion": "Tofa: мен (men)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tofa: мен (men)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "мен"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: мен (men)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: мен (men)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yenisei Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh",
"2": "мин"
},
"expansion": "Khakas: мин (min)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khakas: мин (min)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cjs",
"2": "мен",
"tr": "men"
},
"expansion": "Shor: мен (men)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shor: мен (men)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*bi",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *bi (“I”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*bi",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *bi (“I”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*ben"
},
"expansion": "*ben",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*bẹn-"
},
"expansion": "*bẹn-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Usually compared to Proto-Mongolic *bi (“I”) and Proto-Tungusic *bi (“I”).\nThe Common Turkic form *ben is a result of back formation from the oblique stem *bẹn- with the pronominal-n.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "postposition"
},
"expansion": "*bẹ",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bẹ",
"pos": "postp",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "we",
"word": "biŕ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "56 44 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic personal pronouns",
"parents": [
"Personal pronouns",
"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Denotes \"to be\" for first person singular when at the end of an object; am"
],
"id": "en-bẹ-trk-pro-postp-2e9g2v5C",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"am",
"am"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "52 48 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic personal pronouns",
"parents": [
"Personal pronouns",
"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 54 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic postpositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Denotes first person singular after various tenses"
],
"id": "en-bẹ-trk-pro-postp-upahch2d",
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bẹ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic personal pronouns",
"Proto-Turkic postpositions",
"Proto-Turkic pronouns"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*bi",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *bi (“I”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*bi",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *bi (“I”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*ben"
},
"expansion": "*ben",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*bẹn-"
},
"expansion": "*bẹn-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Usually compared to Proto-Mongolic *bi (“I”) and Proto-Tungusic *bi (“I”).\nThe Common Turkic form *ben is a result of back formation from the oblique stem *bẹn- with the pronominal-n.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bẹ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bẹni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bẹniŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "baŋa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bẹnte",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bẹnten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "baŋaru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bẹnin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bẹnče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bẹnleyü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bẹnligü",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "personal pronouns"
},
"expansion": "*bẹ",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bẹ",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"I"
],
"links": [
[
"I",
"I"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bẹ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic personal pronouns",
"Proto-Turkic postpositions",
"Proto-Turkic pronouns"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bẹ-niŋ"
},
{
"word": "bẹ-ni"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghur:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "эпӗ"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash: эпӗ (ep̬ĕ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chuvash: эпӗ (ep̬ĕ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-cmn",
"2": "*ben"
},
"expansion": "Common Turkic: *ben",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Common Turkic: *ben"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "mən"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: mən",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: mən"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "بَنْ",
"tr": "bän"
},
"expansion": "بَنْ (bän)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Oghuz: بَنْ (bän)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "بن",
"3": "ـون",
"tr": "bän",
"tr2": "-vän"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: بن (bän), ـون (-vän)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: بن (bän), ـون (-vän)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "من",
"tr": "män"
},
"expansion": "من (män)",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "ـم",
"tr": "-äm"
},
"expansion": "ـم (-äm)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Ajem-Turkic: من (män), ـم (-äm)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "mən",
"3": "-əm"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: mən, -əm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: mən, -əm"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qxq",
"2": "من",
"3": "ـم",
"tr": "män",
"tr2": "-äm"
},
"expansion": "Qashqai: من (män), ـم (-äm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Qashqai: من (män), ـم (-äm)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "مه",
"nolb": "1",
"tr": "mä"
},
"expansion": "مه (mä)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "ـم",
"nolb": "1",
"tr": "-äm"
},
"expansion": "ـم (-äm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sonqori: مه (mä), ـم (-äm)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "بن",
"3": "ـم",
"tr": "ben",
"tr2": "-im"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: بن (ben), ـم (-im)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: بن (ben), ـم (-im)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "bän",
"3": "-im"
},
"expansion": "Gagauz: bän, -im",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gagauz: bän, -im"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ben",
"3": "-im"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: ben, -im",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: ben, -im"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "men"
},
"expansion": "Salar: men",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: men"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "men",
"3": "-in"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: men, -in",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: men, -in"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "مَنْ",
"tr": "män"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: مَنْ (män)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: مَنْ (män)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zkh",
"2": "بن",
"3": "من",
"tr": "bän",
"tr2": "män"
},
"expansion": "Khorezmian Turkic: بن (bän), من (män)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khorezmian Turkic: بن (bän), من (män)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "من",
"tr": "män"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: من (män)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: من (män)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "مەن"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: مەن (men)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: مەن (men)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "men"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: men",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: men"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qwm",
"2": "من",
"tr": "män"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak: من (män)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak: من (män)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "мин"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: мин (min)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: мин (min)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "мин"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: мин (min)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: мин (min)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "men"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Tatar: men",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Tatar: men"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": "мен"
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: мен (men)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar: мен (men)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kdr",
"2": "мэн"
},
"expansion": "Karaim: мэн",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karaim: мэн"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "мен"
},
"expansion": "Kumyk: мен (men)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk: мен (men)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaa",
"2": "мен"
},
"expansion": "Karakalpak: мен",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakalpak: мен"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "мен"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: мен (men)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: мен (men)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": "мен"
},
"expansion": "Nogai: мен (men)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai: мен (men)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "мен"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: мен (men)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: мен (men)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "мен"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: мен (men)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: мен (men)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰢𐰤",
"3": "𐰋𐰤",
"4": "𐰌𐰥",
"ts": "men",
"ts2": "ben"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰢𐰤 (mn² /men/), 𐰋𐰤 (b²n² /ben/), 𐰌𐰥 (b²n²)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰢𐰤 (mn² /men/), 𐰋𐰤 (b²n² /ben/), 𐰌𐰥 (b²n²)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"2": "pʾn",
"3": "mʾn",
"tr": "ben",
"tr2": "men"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: pʾn (ben), mʾn (men)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: pʾn (ben), mʾn (men)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ybe",
"2": "men"
},
"expansion": "Western Yugur: men",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Western Yugur: men"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlg",
"2": "мин",
"tr": "min"
},
"expansion": "Dolgan: мин (min)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dolgan: мин (min)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "мин"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: мин (min)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: мин (min)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kim",
"2": "мен",
"tr": "men"
},
"expansion": "Tofa: мен (men)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tofa: мен (men)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "мен"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: мен (men)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: мен (men)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yenisei Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh",
"2": "мин"
},
"expansion": "Khakas: мин (min)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khakas: мин (min)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cjs",
"2": "мен",
"tr": "men"
},
"expansion": "Shor: мен (men)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shor: мен (men)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*bi",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *bi (“I”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*bi",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *bi (“I”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*ben"
},
"expansion": "*ben",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*bẹn-"
},
"expansion": "*bẹn-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Usually compared to Proto-Mongolic *bi (“I”) and Proto-Tungusic *bi (“I”).\nThe Common Turkic form *ben is a result of back formation from the oblique stem *bẹn- with the pronominal-n.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "postposition"
},
"expansion": "*bẹ",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bẹ",
"pos": "postp",
"related": [
{
"english": "we",
"word": "biŕ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Denotes \"to be\" for first person singular when at the end of an object; am"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"am",
"am"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Denotes first person singular after various tenses"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bẹ"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Turkic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.