"-sa" meaning in Proto-Turkic

See -sa in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

Head templates: {{head|trk-pro|suffix}} *-sa
  1. Suffix creating verbal adverb. Tags: morpheme, reconstruction
    Sense id: en--sa-trk-pro-suffix-89OpXyBE Categories (other): Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header: 51 0 49
  2. if Tags: morpheme, reconstruction
    Sense id: en--sa-trk-pro-suffix-k19oMZ1P
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: -gan (english: verbal adjective), -si (english: third person possessive case), -ni [accusative], -ür [positive, present]

Suffix

Head templates: {{head|trk-pro|suffix}} *-sa
  1. Suffix creating desirdative verbs from nouns. Tags: morpheme, reconstruction Related terms: -ümsin
    Sense id: en--sa-trk-pro-suffix-kAlcXk7U Categories (other): Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header: 51 0 49

Download JSON data for -sa meaning in Proto-Turkic (8.5kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Oghur:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xbo",
            "2": "سَ-",
            "tr": "-sa"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgar: سَ- (-sa)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgar: سَ- (-sa) (verbal adverb)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cv",
            "2": "-са",
            "3": "-се"
          },
          "expansion": "Chuvash: -са (-sa), -се (-se)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Chuvash: -са (-sa), -се (-se) (verbal adverb); -сассӑн (-sassăn), -сессӗн (-sessĕn), -сан (-san), -сен (-sen) (if)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Common Turkic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Arghu:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "klj",
            "2": "-sa"
          },
          "expansion": "Khalaj: -sa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Khalaj: -sa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Oghuz:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "trk-oat",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Anatolian Turkish:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "az",
            "2": "-sə",
            "3": "-sa"
          },
          "expansion": "Azerbaijani: -sə, -sa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Azerbaijani: -sə, -sa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ota",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ottoman Turkish:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tr",
            "2": "-se",
            "3": "-sa"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkish: -se, -sa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkish: -se, -sa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tk",
            "2": "-se",
            "3": "-sa"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkmen: -se, -sa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkmen: -se, -sa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "slr",
            "2": "",
            "3": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Salar:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Salar:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Karluk:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xqa",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Karakhanid:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karakhanid:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "chg",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Chagatai:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Chagatai:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uz",
            "2": "-sa"
          },
          "expansion": "Uzbek: -sa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Uzbek: -sa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ug",
            "2": "",
            "3": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Uyghur:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Uyghur:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "crh",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Crimean Tatar:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Crimean Tatar:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kum",
            "2": "-са",
            "3": "-се"
          },
          "expansion": "Kumyk: -са (-sa), -се (-se)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kumyk: -са (-sa), -се (-se)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krc",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Karachay-Balkar:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karachay-Balkar:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kdr",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Karaim:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karaim:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ba",
            "2": "-һа",
            "3": "-һә"
          },
          "expansion": "Bashkir: -һа (-ha), -һә (-hə)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bashkir: -һа (-ha), -һә (-hə)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tt",
            "2": "-са",
            "3": "-сә"
          },
          "expansion": "Tatar: -са (-sa), -сә (-sä)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tatar: -са (-sa), -сә (-sä)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ky",
            "2": "-са",
            "3": "-се",
            "4": "-со",
            "5": "-сө"
          },
          "expansion": "Kyrgyz: -са (-sa), -се (-se), -со (-so), -сө (-sö)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kyrgyz: -са (-sa), -се (-se), -со (-so), -сө (-sö)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "alt",
            "2": "-са",
            "3": "-се",
            "4": "-со",
            "5": "-сӧ",
            "6": "-за",
            "7": "-зе",
            "8": "-зо",
            "9": "-зӧ"
          },
          "expansion": "Southern Altai: -са (-sa), -се (-se), -со (-so), -сӧ (-sö), -за (-za), -зе (-ze), -зо (-zo), -зӧ (-zö)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Southern Altai: -са (-sa), -се (-se), -со (-so), -сӧ (-sö), -за (-za), -зе (-ze), -зо (-zo), -зӧ (-zö)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kk",
            "2": "-са",
            "3": "-се"
          },
          "expansion": "Kazakh: -са (-sa), -се (-se)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kazakh: -са (-sa), -се (-se)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nog",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Nogai:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Nogai:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kaa",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Karakalpak:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karakalpak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "otk",
            "2": "",
            "tr": "-sar"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Turkic: [script needed] (-sar)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Turkic: [script needed] (-sar)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oui",
            "2": "",
            "tr": "-sar"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (-sar)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (-sar)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ybe",
            "2": "",
            "tr": "-sa"
          },
          "expansion": "Western Yugur: [script needed] (-sa)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Western Yugur: [script needed] (-sa)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sah",
            "2": "-тар",
            "3": "-тэр",
            "4": "-тор",
            "5": "-төр"
          },
          "expansion": "Yakut: -тар (-tar), -тэр (-ter), -тор (-tor), -төр (-tör)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yakut: -тар (-tar), -тэр (-ter), -тор (-tor), -төр (-tör); -дар (-dar), -дэр (-der), -дор (-dor), -дөр (-dör); -лар (-lar), -лэр (-ler), -лор (-lor), -лөр (-lör); -нар (-nar), -нэр (-ner), -нор (-nor), -нөр (-nör)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dlg",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Dolgan:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dolgan:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sayan:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tyv",
            "2": "-за",
            "3": "-зе"
          },
          "expansion": "Tuvan: -за (-za), -зе (-ze)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tuvan: -за (-za), -зе (-ze)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kim",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Tofa:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tofa:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Yenisei:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cjs",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Shor:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Shor:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kjh",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Khakas:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Khakas:"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "*-sa",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Turkic",
  "lang_code": "trk-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-sa",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "verbal adjective",
      "word": "-gan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "third person possessive case",
      "word": "-si"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "accusative"
      ],
      "word": "-ni"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "positive",
        "present"
      ],
      "word": "-ür"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "51 0 49",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "seb- (“to love”) + *-sa → *sebse (“with loving.”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Suffix creating verbal adverb."
      ],
      "id": "en--sa-trk-pro-suffix-89OpXyBE",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "bar- (“to go”) + *-sa → *barsa (“if he/she/it goes.”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "if"
      ],
      "id": "en--sa-trk-pro-suffix-k19oMZ1P",
      "links": [
        [
          "if",
          "if"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-sa"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "*-sa",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Turkic",
  "lang_code": "trk-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-sa",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "51 0 49",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "sub (“water”) + *-sa → *subsa- (“to become thirsty, thirst”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Suffix creating desirdative verbs from nouns."
      ],
      "id": "en--sa-trk-pro-suffix-kAlcXk7U",
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "-ümsin"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-sa"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Turkic lemmas",
    "Proto-Turkic suffixes",
    "Requests for native script for Old Turkic terms",
    "Requests for native script for Old Uyghur terms",
    "Requests for native script for Western Yugur terms"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Oghur:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xbo",
            "2": "سَ-",
            "tr": "-sa"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgar: سَ- (-sa)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgar: سَ- (-sa) (verbal adverb)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cv",
            "2": "-са",
            "3": "-се"
          },
          "expansion": "Chuvash: -са (-sa), -се (-se)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Chuvash: -са (-sa), -се (-se) (verbal adverb); -сассӑн (-sassăn), -сессӗн (-sessĕn), -сан (-san), -сен (-sen) (if)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Common Turkic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Arghu:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "klj",
            "2": "-sa"
          },
          "expansion": "Khalaj: -sa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Khalaj: -sa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Oghuz:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "trk-oat",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Anatolian Turkish:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "az",
            "2": "-sə",
            "3": "-sa"
          },
          "expansion": "Azerbaijani: -sə, -sa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Azerbaijani: -sə, -sa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ota",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ottoman Turkish:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tr",
            "2": "-se",
            "3": "-sa"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkish: -se, -sa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkish: -se, -sa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tk",
            "2": "-se",
            "3": "-sa"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkmen: -se, -sa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkmen: -se, -sa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "slr",
            "2": "",
            "3": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Salar:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Salar:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Karluk:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xqa",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Karakhanid:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karakhanid:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "chg",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Chagatai:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Chagatai:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uz",
            "2": "-sa"
          },
          "expansion": "Uzbek: -sa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Uzbek: -sa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ug",
            "2": "",
            "3": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Uyghur:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Uyghur:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "crh",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Crimean Tatar:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Crimean Tatar:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kum",
            "2": "-са",
            "3": "-се"
          },
          "expansion": "Kumyk: -са (-sa), -се (-se)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kumyk: -са (-sa), -се (-se)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krc",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Karachay-Balkar:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karachay-Balkar:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kdr",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Karaim:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karaim:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ba",
            "2": "-һа",
            "3": "-һә"
          },
          "expansion": "Bashkir: -һа (-ha), -һә (-hə)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bashkir: -һа (-ha), -һә (-hə)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tt",
            "2": "-са",
            "3": "-сә"
          },
          "expansion": "Tatar: -са (-sa), -сә (-sä)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tatar: -са (-sa), -сә (-sä)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ky",
            "2": "-са",
            "3": "-се",
            "4": "-со",
            "5": "-сө"
          },
          "expansion": "Kyrgyz: -са (-sa), -се (-se), -со (-so), -сө (-sö)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kyrgyz: -са (-sa), -се (-se), -со (-so), -сө (-sö)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "alt",
            "2": "-са",
            "3": "-се",
            "4": "-со",
            "5": "-сӧ",
            "6": "-за",
            "7": "-зе",
            "8": "-зо",
            "9": "-зӧ"
          },
          "expansion": "Southern Altai: -са (-sa), -се (-se), -со (-so), -сӧ (-sö), -за (-za), -зе (-ze), -зо (-zo), -зӧ (-zö)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Southern Altai: -са (-sa), -се (-se), -со (-so), -сӧ (-sö), -за (-za), -зе (-ze), -зо (-zo), -зӧ (-zö)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kk",
            "2": "-са",
            "3": "-се"
          },
          "expansion": "Kazakh: -са (-sa), -се (-se)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kazakh: -са (-sa), -се (-se)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nog",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Nogai:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Nogai:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kaa",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Karakalpak:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karakalpak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "otk",
            "2": "",
            "tr": "-sar"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Turkic: [script needed] (-sar)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Turkic: [script needed] (-sar)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oui",
            "2": "",
            "tr": "-sar"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (-sar)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (-sar)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ybe",
            "2": "",
            "tr": "-sa"
          },
          "expansion": "Western Yugur: [script needed] (-sa)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Western Yugur: [script needed] (-sa)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sah",
            "2": "-тар",
            "3": "-тэр",
            "4": "-тор",
            "5": "-төр"
          },
          "expansion": "Yakut: -тар (-tar), -тэр (-ter), -тор (-tor), -төр (-tör)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yakut: -тар (-tar), -тэр (-ter), -тор (-tor), -төр (-tör); -дар (-dar), -дэр (-der), -дор (-dor), -дөр (-dör); -лар (-lar), -лэр (-ler), -лор (-lor), -лөр (-lör); -нар (-nar), -нэр (-ner), -нор (-nor), -нөр (-nör)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dlg",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Dolgan:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dolgan:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sayan:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tyv",
            "2": "-за",
            "3": "-зе"
          },
          "expansion": "Tuvan: -за (-za), -зе (-ze)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tuvan: -за (-za), -зе (-ze)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kim",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Tofa:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tofa:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Yenisei:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cjs",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Shor:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Shor:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kjh",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Khakas:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Khakas:"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "*-sa",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Turkic",
  "lang_code": "trk-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-sa",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "verbal adjective",
      "word": "-gan"
    },
    {
      "english": "third person possessive case",
      "word": "-si"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "accusative"
      ],
      "word": "-ni"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "positive",
        "present"
      ],
      "word": "-ür"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "seb- (“to love”) + *-sa → *sebse (“with loving.”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Suffix creating verbal adverb."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "bar- (“to go”) + *-sa → *barsa (“if he/she/it goes.”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "if"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "if",
          "if"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-sa"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Turkic lemmas",
    "Proto-Turkic suffixes",
    "Requests for native script for Old Turkic terms",
    "Requests for native script for Old Uyghur terms",
    "Requests for native script for Western Yugur terms"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "*-sa",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Turkic",
  "lang_code": "trk-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-sa",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "-ümsin"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "sub (“water”) + *-sa → *subsa- (“to become thirsty, thirst”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Suffix creating desirdative verbs from nouns."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-sa"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Turkic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (46b31b8 and c7ea76d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.